Phosphoric acid etching is the gold standard method of enamel preparation before application of bonding resins for orthodontic brackets. With the recent introduction of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser in dentistry for the ablation of hard tissues, including enamel and dentin, laser enamel preparation has been proposed as an alternative to phosphoric acid etching. Hence this study was conducted to evaluate the shear bond strength of bracket bonded to teeth etched by Acid, Er:YAG laser. The aim of the study is to “Compare the bond strengths of orthodontic bracket etched by acid, Er: YAG laser, and combined treatment on the enamel surface.” The objective of the study was to investigate methods that could obtain the maximal bond strength and to analyze the fracture mode of each method

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer in women worldwide with 85% of cases occurring in developing countries. Endocervical adenocarcinoma is ten times less frequent than squamous cell carcinoma; the most recent literature indicates an increase of three to four times in its incidence over the last few years. The main objective of reporting present case is to draw attention of an unusual presentation of chondroid metaplasia in endocervical adenocarcinoma in a 73 year old post menopausal woman because it is important to recognize the non‑ neoplastic nature of this condition and to differentiate it from malignant counterpart of the tumor. Hence, a careful clinical and histopathological examination is required to avoid the misinterpretation of non‑ tumor cartilaginous foci as a component of malignant neoplasm.

Children involved in criminal acts, the first thing that should not be forgotten is to see their position as children with all their particular characteristics and characteristics. Thus, their orientation is based on the concept of child protection in their handling process so that this will rest on the concept of prosperity children and children's interests. Providing protection and a sense of justice given that children must get protection, then in violations committed by the child still and must be considered and considered the background and causes of violations committed by the child so that the child will not lose hope to look at the future. Legal problems seem to be one of the phenomena that have never subsided in the life of society, nation, and state. As the phenomenon of legal problems increases, legal studies are also increasing, which aim to explore various problems from the perspective of existing law and legislation. Penal punishment is not merely revenge but an aim to influence human behavior by legal rules. Child protection is all efforts made to create conditions so that each child can exercise his rights and obligations for the development and growth of children in a reasonable manner both physically, mentally and socially. Child protection is an embodiment of the existence of justice in a society. Thus, protection of children is cultivated in various fields of life and state of society.

Ectopic pancreas is an abnormal condition of embryological origin. The relationship of ectopic pancreatic tissue associated with choledochal cyst is extremely rare condition. The most commonly reported cases of ectopic pancreatic tissue are located in the upper GI (gastrointestinal) tract with most frequent site is stomach, followed by the duodenum and the jejunum. The clinical implication of the presence of ectopic pancreas in the choledochal cyst is remain unclear but it’s predicted risk for developing futher complications, especially pancreatic malignancy should always be considered. Ectopic pancreatic tissue can be diagnosed at all ages, males are frequently associated but a higher incidence of ectopic pancreas in the gallbladder is found in females and most incidence lies between the thirty to sixty years of life. The purpose of the present case is to present the clinical, and histopathological features of ectopic pancreatic tissue associated with choledochal cyst of 21 years old female. However, the basic concept of occurrence of ectopic pancreatic tissue is contentious. To conclude, the ectopic pancreatic tissue associated with choledochal cyst may be an evidence of its embryological association and it’s greater risk for development of further complications, especially development of pancreatic malignancy. The present case should be considered for long term follow up as only doing cystectomy will not provide full protection against the development of pancreatic malignancy.

In cardiovascular pathology, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged over time as a test with single potential. This non-invasive, non-irradiating, with few contraindications, and economically reasoned examination, finds all its interest in aeronautical expertise of flight crew, in addition to first-line examinations, including electrocardiogram and echocardiography, which do not always allow to decide on the absence of underlying cardiac disease, which would have a consequent impact on the decision of aptitude either in admission or revisional visit. Through this work, we will focus on the technical aspects of CMR namely: different sequences, safety, physical principles, then its main indications according to international learned societies, and finally its interest in aeronautical expertise

Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma of uncertain differentiation characterized by abundant myxoid matrix located in the soft tissues. It affects mainly the soft tissues of the proximal end of long bones. EMC has a male preference, and this occurs in soft tissue area in patients who are more than 40 years old. The present case was 63 year old female with diagnostic findings on histopathological examination with immuno–histochemical confirmation. EMC is a rare tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of myxoid soft tissue neoplasm. Therefore, a multi-modal approach, having distinct clinical, cytological, histo-pathological, immunohistochemical features and cytogenetics analysis, must be necessary in establishing a more definitive diagnosis, which may finally lead to a more targeted and specific treatment for patients.

A novel family of macrocyclic complexes with tetra aza macro cyclic ligand and (X=Cl- , NO3-) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, electronic, and EPR spectral studies. The molar conductance measurements of the complex in Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)/dimethyl form amide corresponds to non-electrolytes for all the Mn(II) complexes except the complex with ligand LA which are 1:2 electrolyte. The spectra are consistent with the formula [MnLx2] and [Mn (LA) (H2O) 2] X2 and distorted octahedral geometry. The biological activity of these complexes was evaluated against different species of bacteria and plant pathogenic fungi and compared with different ligands.

Distilled water is not supposed to contain > 5μg of chlorides and if it does, distillation is unsuccessful, and a repeat is needed. The quantification of chlorides post purification of reagent grade water though serves to illustrate the success of purification, has also been used in this study to illustrate nearness to success. A total of 50 registered Clinical Chemistry Laboratories in Lagos Mainland of Lagos Nigeria were recruited in this cross sectional study, their reagent grade water sampled and tested for chlorides using spectrophotometric technique. A questionnaire was also administered to ascertain the Laboratories’ headship. In this study, significant amount of chloride was detected in all reagent water tested with concentration range of 0.055mg/L - 38.760mg/L. Comparing the pathologists-headed laboratories with Scientists-headed laboratories shows that there is no statistically significant difference in the outcome of water purification at 95% confidence interval, p = 0.05, calculated t = 0.499, and critical value = 2.000. There is no significant influence on the outcome of reagent water purification by the headship of Clinical Chemistry laboratories.

Chondrosarcoma usually arises in the pelvis, ribs or long bones but rarely may occur in the nasal septum. The nasal septum chondrosarcoma may extend to skull base, paranasal sinuses or orbit which is usually observed during recurrence. Radiological examination and histopathology plays an important role for its diagnosis and to assess the grade and extension of the tumor. Moreover, the morphological differentiation of low grade chondrosarcoma from chondroma and other tumors like metastatic renal cell carcinoma, chordoma may pose diagnostic challenge on histopathology. It is therefore essential to vigilantly examine the histopathological sections for subtle features for definite diagnosis of chondrosarcoma. The present case is therefore being reported of rare tumor of low grade chondrosarcoma of nasal septum in young female extending to skull base at initial presentation. The case also highlights the importance of close histomorphological examination of low grade chondrosarcoma to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and the importance of repeat biopsy if clinico-radiological suspicion is strong and thus avoiding further complications.

This study aims to describe and analyze academic activities on student satisfaction Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya (FEB UMSurabaya). The method used in this study is a survey with a quantitative approach. Data analysis technique that is used is questionnaire. The subjects used as sample is students of Management and Accounting Study Program FEB UMSurabaya which was elucidated by 190 students. The results showed that 1) academic service simultaneously to student satisfaction in FEB UMSurabaya, 2) academic service which is real evidence to student satisfaction in FEB UMSurabaya.

Production and supply of pathogen and toxic chemical free water is the preliminary aim of water treatment. The natural killing property of bacteriophages makes them the most prominent tool in eliminating unwanted bacteria, making them ideal candidate in water treatment research. In this study phage formulations against multidrug resistant E. coli KP005067 were fabricated by immobilizing them in broth, activated charcoal and alginate beads. The cross section of the phage formulation was analysed using Confocal Raman Microscope and the disinfection study was carried out in batch and packed bed reactor. The phage formulations remained stable for almost 4-8 and 3-5 months at 4oC and 30oC respectively. The batch reduction study using phage connoted the order of host reduction as phage-charcoal > phagebroth > phage-bead. Further more, the disinfection study using packed bed reactor showed 100 and 97% host reduction using phage-charcoal and phage-bead respectively. At the same time, there was concomitant increase in the phage population in the packed bed-reactor indicating that the phage formulations are highly potent in killing bacterial pathogen in water.

This study aims to determine the effect of inflation, exchange rates, maturity period, bond ratings, company size, and return on assets which are independent variables on sukuk yields as the dependent variable. This study uses a sample of sharia-based corporate bonds listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and rated by Pefindo during 2012-2016, while exchange rate and inflation data are data published by Indonesian banks. This study uses a purposive sampling method and the analysis technique used is the test of multiple regression analysis using the SPSS application. The results obtained are that the independent variable of inflation, exchange rate, maturity and sukuk rating does not affect the yield of sukuk. Whereas the independent size of the company (firm size) and return on assets have an effect on the dependent variable of the sukuk yield.

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence between variables brand awareness, brand association and perceived quality to Purchase Decision and determine the dominant influence of variables. The sample of 190 people. The samples in this study using accidental sampling. To analyze the data used multiple linear regression test, partial linear regression test and simultant linier regression test. The results in this study showed that variable brand awareness, brand association and perceived quality positive influence on purchase decision. Partially, variable brand association and perceived quality showed a significant influence on purchase decision, meanwhile, the variable brand awareness shows the influence of variables that are not significant. Simultantly, variable brand awareness, brand association and perceived quality showed a significant influence on purchase decision. The variable dominant influence on consumer purchasing decisions of variable perceived quality.

To characterize, identified and precisely diagnose liver flukes genetic variability among population has great importance. Several molecular techniques based on DNA have been applied to molecularly characterized Fasciola isolates, but there is no data about genetic analysis of Fasciola isolates from District Mardan Pakistan. In current study Fasciola isolates of sheep and goat collected from District Mardan of Pakistan were genetically analyzed by amplifying ITS1 gene of rDNA through PCR technique. Band pattern of all isolates showed a single band of ~470bp in length indicating that there is no variation in ITS1 region size between sheep and goat isolates. Sequencing analysis also confirmed nil variation.

In this work derivation of Lorentz transformation by Newton second law using relativity speed. Also discussed many expression of relative mechanical relation and proper time and Relative coefficient form classical force and Minkowiski force in other side using Total relative energy of the moving particle to derivation Relative coefficient.