Dengue viral infection is an epidemic in tropical and subtropical countries including India. Epidemics are very common in areas of poor sanitation where there are substandard housing and the need for water storage Adilabad district is a backward district with poor tribal population and epidemics of dengue are very common in this region. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences [RIMS], Adilabad the data was collected during the months of September 2018 to December 2018. There was an outbreak of dengue during this period and child patients reported to RIMS hospital with signs and symptoms of dengue fever according to WHO guidelines were included. Exclusion criteria were fevers of unknown origin, children positive for malaria, enteric fever and signs and symptoms not suggestive of dengue. A total of (n=67) patients were identified during the study period from September 2018 to December 2018 out of which (n=46) were male and (n=21) were female patients. 5ml of blood was obtained in a vacutainer by experienced technicians and CBP, Hematocrit, Dengue serology, were performed NS1Ag, IgM and IgG were performed. Results: In the present study a total of n= 67 patients were included as per the inclusion criteria. Out of the 67 (n=46) were male and (n=21) were female patients. The clinical signs and symptoms of the patients were assessed and the common presentation in all the dengue causes was a fever in n=67 (100%) cases. The range of temperature was from 101 °F to 105 °F at the time of admission. Myalgia and headache were present in n=35 (52.23%) cases. Leukocytopenia was seen in 2(2.9%) and leucocytosis was seen in 17 (25.37%) cases. The mean platelet counts were found to be between 50,000 to 100,000 37(55.22%) cases. ..

The paper is enclosed with the idea of helping people who are not capable of operating their limbs due to any accidents occurred in their past life. It implies theoretically, knowledge gained out of studying our field related articles. Mind readings as well as remote communication have their unique fingerprint in various fields such as educational, self-regulation, production, marketing, security, games and also in entertainment. It enables a mutual understanding between the user and the surrounding systems. Here in this paper we discuss about brain waves (Biosignals) which are recorded using Electrode Encephalography (EEG), and the brain computer interface process used in gaming are the two valuable sources to create our typing using the Biosignals generated during thinking particular alphabets. We hope that this paper will be much helpful to the people who are physically challenged with writing disabilities can put up their words comfortably using this idea

Diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases are the two most common endocrinopathies encountered in clinical practice. Thyroid hormone abnormalities are frequently associated with diabetes and remain unidentified. Thyroid dysfunction could negatively impact Diabetes and its complications. Thyroid hormone replacement is associated with a decrease in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. The present study was undertaken to study association between thyroid profile and glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. A case control study was done at Shri Krishna Hospital in Karamsad city .100 cases of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and 100 healthy controls were taken. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for thyroid profile, HbA1c, Fasting Blood Sugar and Renal Function Test. We found that there was a positive correlation between TSH (Thyroid stimulating hormone) and HbA1c levels, and a negative correlation between Thyroid hormones [Triiodothyronine (T3) & Thyroxine (T4)] and Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) in cases of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. There is a significant decrease in TT3 (Total Triiodothyronine) and TT4 (Total Thyroxine) and significantly increased TSH in cases of Diabetes mellitus as compare to healthy Controls. We found that out of 100 cases of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, 31% patients showed thyroid disorders. There is a high prevalence of thyroid disorders in Diabetic patients. If not diagnosed early, it could negatively affect diabetes and its complications. Therefore, routine screening of thyroid profile in diabetic patients is advisable to improve quality of life and reduce morbidity rate.

Pain is the most common complaint from patients undergoing prostate biopsy. With the increase in patients requiring prostate biopsy following massive screening for prostate cancer, more men would therefore complain about pain. Observing that the perception of pain varies amongst patients, we set out to find the influence of these factors on pain experienced during prostate biopsy. We also sought the incidence of complications which may arise from this procedure. A total of 132 patients scheduled for transrectal prostate biopsy were randomly assigned to two groups. All patients had 20 mls of 2% lidocaine gel administered per rectum10 minutes before transrectal ultrasound probe insertion. The severity of pain during the procedure was assessed using the 10-point numerical rating scale. A weak positive correlation was found between the prostate volume and level of pain perceived by patients (r = 0.084) & (r = 0.339). Pre-biopsy anxiety was found to have no influence on pain. There was moderate correlation (r=0.497) between pain and age of participants during needle insertion, whereas a weak correlation(r=0.173) was found between the latter and pain perceived during probe insertion. Age was found to be the only predictor of level of pain on regression analysis (P = 0.016).Post biopsy, 25% of patients had haematuria while 12% complained of rectal bleeding. Haematospermia and fever were seen in 5.5% and 0.8% of patients respectively. Increasing age was found to influence pain perceived during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Haematuria and rectal bleeding were found to be the most common complications following TRUS-guided biopsy of the prostate

The present study was undertaken to investigate the variations of anthropometric indices, inflammatory oxidative stress and anti-oxidant markers in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) compared to their age & sex-matched controls, and to evaluate the correlations, if any of the anthropometric indices with the pro-oxidant state in subjects with MetS. One hundred and fifty-three subjects with MetS and one hundred and fifty-five controls were recruited for the study according to the NCEP ATP III (National cholesterol education program – Adult treatment panel III) criteria for MetS. Anthropometric characteristics of all subjects were recorded using clinical Proforma. Blood samples were collected after taking informed written consent from subjects. Plasma glucose, lipid profile analysis, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity and C reactive protein (CRP) was estimated in all blood samples. This study clearly indicates that obesity measured by anthropometric measurements including BMI and WC were increased in MetS patients as compared to controls. Inflammatory marker CRP was found to be significantly high in patients with metabolic syndrome. The oxidative stress as assessed by serum MDA was significantly higher, whereas total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) was lower in MetS patients than that of age & sex matched controls

Steroid drugs for external use can relieve inflammation but cannot kill bacteria. Topical steroids have been used for about 50 years and their introduction was a milestone in dermatology. Steroids led to the adverse reaction such as skin irritation, blackness, pimples, redness, skin eruption etc. According to the constituents of marketed cream which are mentioned on the label there is no any information about steroidal constituents in preparation. In present investigation, by applying chemical test in marketed preparation and in pure steroidal preparation, an attempt was made to evaluate the presence of steroid in various marketed topical preparation. Adverse reaction produced by the marketed topical preparation led to the starting of this research work and evaluated different marketed preparation for the presence of steroid. Salkowaski reaction, Liberman Bruched reaction, Liberman reaction had been applied to test the presence of steroid. From this research it can concluded that many marketed preparation which promises instant fairness, glowing, brighten skin have a dreadfully negative side and show serious side effect on the skin due to presence of steroid

This study was conducted to determine the association of Insertion-deletion Polymorphism in the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Gene and Human Essential Hypertension among Sudanese in Al Nubba Village. A case-control community-based study was performed, Blood samples were collected from 54 subjects in a rural area around Khartoum (Al Nubba Village). The frequencies of the insertion (*I) and deletion (*D) alleles of the ACE gene were investigated, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was detected for the Insertion/Deletion polymorphism. Allele frequencies were calculated, our data indicated a preponderance of the *D allele among the Sudanese population. The percentage of Case/Control for Homozygous deletion DD, Homozygous insertion II and Heterozygous DI are almost the same. Further studies are recommended with a large sample size

Liver disease during Osler-Rendu-Weber disease (ROD) is frequent. Its screening must be systematic. Focal nodular hyperplasia is a vascular hepatic disease of osler rendu disease, which is very rare in males. Through an observation of a patient with an ROD revealed by hepatic injury (FNH), we will discuss the epidemiological, diagnostic, and evolutionary aspects of hepatic manifestations during MRO

Annex torsion is a true surgical emergency, it is a rare pathology, secondary to the total or partial rotation of the appendix around its vascular axis, which can lead to hemorrhagic necrosis of the ovary. Its frequency is estimated at 1/5 000 pregnancies. It can occur during the entire pregnancy, although the increase in the size of the uterus in the 2nd-3rd trimester reduces the mobility of the appendix. Its clinical signs are usually acute and sudden pain, nausea and vomiting secondary to peritoneal irritation and the existence of an adnexal mass. Ultrasound is the paraclinical reference examination, it allows to visualize an annexial pathology that can be at the origin of the torsion and look for the indirect signs of ischemia. The treatment of appendix torsions during pregnancy can be done by laparoscopy, while respecting the safety instructions in relation to the pregnant uterus, laparotomy remains the most evaluated surgical technique. The treatment must be conservative if the recovery of the appendage after untwisting allows it. Only an ipsilateral recurrence can make discuss prevention by an annexed pexy

Introduction: Both tobacco smoking and tuberculosis are major global public health problems. Tobacco smoking has been linked as a risk factor for TB. This study was aimed to find the association between smoking and pulmonary TB. Materials and methods: Pulmonary TB patients aged between 17 and 85 years were enrolled over a period of 9 months. All patients had two consecutive sputum smears examined for the presence of acid –fast bacilli (AFB) using Fluorescence Microscopy technique at the initiation of treatment and repeated as per recommendations of the RNCTP. Response was determined in terms of sputum conversion at the end of intensive phase and final treatment outcomes. Results: Out of total of 124 current smokers, a very high number of patients 83(66.7%)were found to have a high load of TB bacilli(3+), these smokers with sputum 3+ grade showed less response to TB drug treatment. Out of 83 patients, only 15 patients (18.7%) showed smear conversion at the end of intensive treatment. 45 patients who had cavitary disease , 30 (66%)patients had cleared at the end of IP and 15 patients showed persistence of cavitation in smokers while 76% of non smokers showed clearance of cavity(P<0.05). Cure rate among smokers, ex smokers and non smokers were 52.5%, 78% and 84%, respectively. Conclusion: Smokers during initial presentation, as well as at end of the treatment indicate more radiological findings, cavitary disease, and worse sputum AFB smear grading. Smokers also had a poorer outcome in terms of treatment success rate as compared to non smokers. This was largely due to high percentage of default rate among smokers implying treatment adherence issues among smokers as a main confounder to treatment success. Focus needs to be made to reduce defaulters which are more common among smokers

This study to analyze the influence of job satisfaction and indirect compensation to turnover intention of employees. The independent variable in this study is the Job Satisfaction (X1) and Indirect Compensation (X2) with the dependent variable is Turnover Intention (Y). Data collection techniques in this study are use proportionate sampling. Distributing questionnaires to all of employees PT Sinar Mitra Sepadan Finance on cover area South Sumatera I. Data analysis techniques used in this study is a multiple linear regression, F- test, t- test. The results of a test of R square determination (R2) of the job satisfaction and indirect compensation would explain the variable performance of employees amounted to 30,5% whereas 69,5% is explained by other variables. Test results from t to each variable, obtained results significant influential job satisfaction against variable turnover intention of PT Sinar Mitra Sepadan Finance and significant influential indirect compensation against variable turnover intention of PT Sinar Mitra Sepadan Finance. Test results from the F showed simultaneously job satisfaction and indirect compensation significantly to variable turnover intention of PT Sinar Mitra Sepadan Finance. Job satisfaction was the dominant influence variables to variable turnover intention of PT Sinar Mitra Sepadan Finance with -0.375 of the β value

PCR technique was used for the detection of S. typhi and compared to conventional culture results to identify S. typhi and determine the relative sensitivity and specificity of these methods. From 254 blood specimens were collected from typhoid fever patients ,207(84.48%) isolated bacteria were obtained and isolated from three groups of patients, group Ι was positive of PCR and blood culture, group ΙΙ was positive of blood culture but it was negative of PCR, and group ΙΙΙ was positive for intracellular bacteria isolatingو methods when it’s negative for blood culture and then compared result with typical Salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain taken from central health laboratory However, 203 (94.4%) isolates were observed positive to nested PCR and 168 (78.1%) was observed positivity by bacteriological and serological methods to identify of isolated bacteria from typhoid patients’ blood. When the more specific tests were evaluated in the diagnosis and identify of isolated bacteria that were positive by any of the two tests employed (n = 207), the nested PCR resulted in a relative sensitivity of 98.06% and specificity of 100% when compared with bacteriological and serological methods.

With the intention of selecting plants for use as a fungicide, a study was conducted on the invitro activity of 10 medicinal plants in the Kisangani area. The activity of 3 types of extracts (concentrated crude, ethanolic and ethereal) was tested on 3 phytopathogenic strains (Alternaria alternata, Alternaria solani and Fusarium sp.). The method of inhibition of mycelial growth on solid medium (PDA) in Petri dishes was used to study the activity of extracts of medicinal plants towards strains. 9 plants showed satisfactory activity for at least one type of extract on at least one of the fungal strains. However, the statistical evaluation concluded a lack of significant difference between the different extracts, and highly significant differences between different plants. Alchornea cordifolia is the only plant that has shown no efficacy on all fungal strains tested.

Plastic synthetic is widely used in various purposes, ranging from household to industrial purposes. However, in spite of its superior, conventional plastic has several weaknesses, which the plastic waste can pollute the environment. It is important reason for replacing the use of conventional plastic with degradable plastics. Biodegradable plastic is a plastic that can be decomposed naturally by bacteria. The biodegradable plastic can be made from agricultural products such as cellulose and starch. Biodegradable plastic in this report was made from starch of purple taro tuber (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) and chitosan. The materials was perform using variables i.e. temperature, times and ratio of chitosan and starch. The mechanical and physical properties of biodegradable plastic were investigated by tensile strength testing, plastic degradation test by soaking in EM4 (Effective Microorganism) solution, and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) was used to identify the chemical structure in biodegradable plastics. The specimens of the research were made by using starch of purple taro tuber with a weight of 10 g, 100 ml of 0.5% acetic acid, 2.5 ml of glycerin, a ratio of starch and chitosan of 0.075, with a temperature of 80 ºC, stirring speed of 300 rpm and a processing time of 75 minute. The result of the research showed a tensile strength of 2.32 MPa with elongation of 44.62%. The biodegradable plastic from the starch of purple taro tuber and chitosan can be degraded with the of EM4 solution until of 35 days. The investigated by using FTIR showed chemical structures of OH phenolic alcohols, C=O carbonyls, and CO esters, that can be easy decomposed. Thus, the plastic from the starch of purple taro tuber is environmentally friendly plastic.

The study investigated the relationship between achievement motivation, study habit and educational career of secondary school students in Rivers State, Nigeria. Four research questions and four corresponding null hypotheses guided the study. Correlational research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study consists of 18,240 SSII students in all senior public secondary schools in Rivers State. A sample of 1,200 SSII students was drawn through multistage sampling procedure using cluster and simple random sampling techniques. Three instruments titled “Achievement Motivation Scale” (AMS), “Study Habit Scale” (SHS) and Educational Career Scale” (ECS) were used for data collection. Face and Content validities of the instruments were ensured. The Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficients of (AMS), (SHS) and (ECS) were computed to be 0.79, 0.81 and 0.77 respectively. The data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation for the research questions while probability values were used to test their corresponding hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level of significance. It was found that there is significant positive high relationship between achievement motivation, concentration during study, time management, organization of study task and educational career of secondary school students in Rivers State independently taken. It was recommended among others that; parents and guardians should always provide enough study materials such as textbooks and computers, that will enhance the study habit of their children/wards positively.