Cutaneous metastasis is a condition where cancers originating from various parts of the body spread to the skin. There are rare but not unusual. The objective of our study is to study the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary profiles of cutaneous metastases. Throw this retrospective study rendered over 6 years period from 2011 to 2016. 10 patients were selected from the dermatology department of Moulay Ismail’s Hospital in Meknes. We deduced the following: The sex- ratio M/F is 2.3, the average age is 60.9 years. Skin metastases appeared mostly during the evolution of the primary tumor. The preferred seat of the MCs in study was the trunk. The clinical appearance was mostly nodular. Adenocarcinoma (60%) was the most frequent histological form followed by squamous cell carcinoma (40%). Evolution was unfavorable, as 40% of the 60% of patients followed died at about 3 months after diagnosis of MCs. Skin metastases are a sign of poor prognosis, and occur most often at a late stage during the development of tumor pathology, but on the other hand, MCs may reveal underlying neoplasia. Its asymptomatic character makes early screening difficult

Epidemiological surveillance in the era of globalization, especially in the very rapid progress in the field of transportation, with only a few hours can cause an epidemiological shift in the disease, representative. Timeliness, data quality and stability. This study uses an evaluative descriptive approach to the surveillance system at the Port Health Office Class III of the Banda Aceh Work Area at the Sultan Iskandar Muda Airport. The subject of this study was a surveillance system in the area of Banda Aceh's Class III Airport. The technique of data collection was done through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study there are several indicators The attributes of simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, sensitivity and stability and high timelines. While the assessment of data quality and positive predictive value is still low. The conclusion of this study is the activity of epidemiological surveillance attributes at the Class III Banda Aceh Health Office in the Work Area of the Sultan Iskandar Muda Airport, but there are problems in the surveillance system due to limited equipment, although there is a shortage of positive predictions but the timeline remains.

Arbitration, the contractual alternative of dispute settlement, though it has scored greater efficiency and become a venerable mode of dispute settlement in this business world; it has been encumbered by court intervention, nowadays. Court intervention is appropriate and justified almost in all jurisdictions in different degrees and contexts. However, unless its justifications, instances, and extent are well stipulated and fettered under national arbitration law, unwarranted interventions could restrain arbitration proceedings so that parties’ whished benefits and interests remain in vain. Therefore, this article is going to deal with rationalities, instances, and the extent of court intervention in arbitration proceedings. In doing so, it strives to divulge the extent of court intervention under international and Ethiopian arbitration laws. For this, the article uncovered that Ethiopian arbitration law is exposed to unwarranted and inimical court intervention in arbitration proceedings. There are premature court interventions and broader judicial review circumstances under the Civil Procedure Code and the Civil Code of Ethiopia. Underscoring the existence of the higher extent of court intervention instances, this article also tried to pinpoint solutions calling for an optimal extent of court intervention in arbitration proceedings. In doing so, parties can have a fair degree of autonomy and freedom guaranteeing and underpinning an efficient arbitration system. Last, as a way forward, the article has also called, including ratification of the New York Convention (1958), modification of the Ethiopian arbitration law in light of the modern arbitration laws from the international arbitration laws, foreign jurisdictions, and arbitration rules of renowned arbitral institutions.

Handgrip strength is a reliable predictor of muscular strength and proper hand functioning. The aim of this study was to compare and correlate between handgrip strength and selected anthropometric variables in Nigerian athletes and nonathletes of both sexes. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out on 62 athletes and 80 non-athletes in the age range of 18-30 years among the students of the University of Port Harcourt. Handgrip strength was measured using an electronic hand dynamometer. Anthropometric variables used were mid-arm circumference, arm length, forearm length, hand length and hand width. An independent samples t-test was used to compare between both sexes in each subject category in both dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength. Also, an independent samples t-test was used to compare differences in anthropometric variables between both sexes in each subject category. A Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the relationship between handgrip strength and anthropometric variables in both athletes and non-athletes. The findings from this study showed that athletes had a significantly higher handgrip strength mean values compared to nonathletes. Strong positive correlations were shown handgrip strength and most anthropometric variables used in the study. It was concluded that handgrip strength was higher in people engaged in sports and it showed significant relationship with anthropometric variables.

Odontogenic anomalies may sometimes be encountered in our routine dental practice. These anomalies may pose a challenge to the dentist, considering the magnitude of condition. Hyperdontia in the mandibular premolar region is a rare occurrence. We describe a case report of a 35-year-old male patient, presenting with concurrent occurrence of chronic periodontitis and supernumerary premolar, and a possible correlation between the two entities

Introduction: Development of teeth is a useful measure of maturity, as it represents a series of recognizable events that occur in the same sequence from an initial event to constant endpoint. Age estimation from teeth is generally considered reliable, as they are naturally preserved long even after disintegration of bones and tissues. Aims and objectives: The aim of present study was to determine dental age from panoramic radiographs using Demirijian’s method and Moore’s method in kadapa population. It was also to compare two methods for calculation of dental age and evaluate which technique is better. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Oral Medicine and Radiology at Govt dental college and hospital, kadapa. Total of 75 subjects of age group from 7 years to 14 years were included. For every individual included in the study, a panoramic radiograph was taken with standard parameters and adequate protective measures and was analysed for developmental stages of teeth accordingly to the criteria given by Demirijian and Moore’s method. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in all age groups except 12, 14 years in Demirijian’s method and except 10, 12 years in Moore’s method. Demirijian’s method over estimated the age with a mean difference of -2.10 and Moore’s method underestimated the age with a mean difference of 0.92. Pearson’s correlation revealed more positive correlation between chronological and dental age using Demirijian’s method which was 0.644 compared to Moore’s method which was 0.593 showing greater accuracy of Demirijian’s method compared to Moore’s method. Conclusion: Age estimation can be done by Demirijian and Moore’s method with the former showing greater accuracy than the latter. The Demirijian’s method tends to overestimate the age and Moore’s method under estimated the age. However further research should be aimed at with a larger sample for better accuracy of both the methods.

Tympanic membrane perforations are encountered by Otologists in clinical practice. It is the most common cause of hearing loss. We in the present study tried to evaluate the size and location of perforation to the degree of hearing loss and the outcome of treatment of these patients in our hospital. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of ENT, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences [RIMS], Adilabad. A detailed clinical history including the name, age, sex, address, occupation, presenting complains, past history and physical examination and ENT examinations under microscopy was done to assess the size, site, and shape of perforation including Pure Tone Audiometry. All the patients underwent Myringoplasty through postaural approach using underlay technique taking temporalis fascia as graft material. Results: A total of n= 40 patients were included in the study male patients were n=24(60%) and n=16 (40%) were female patients and the male to female ratio was 6:4 with the predominance of male patients common cause of the injuries was related to RTA 18(45%). The right ear was involved in n=18(45%) of cases left ear was involved in n=21 (52.5%) and bilateral involvement was seen in n=1(2.5%) of cases. n=40 patients underwent myringoplasty in the Grade I perforations the preoperative hearing loss was 29.59 ± 6.65 and in the postoperative, after 12 weeks 17.05 ± 4.4 dB and the audiometric gain was 12.54 dB. In Grade II it was 35.40 ± 5.44 dB and postoperative 12 weeks were 18.51 ± 3.5 dB audiometric gains was 16.89 dB. The Grade III had pre-operative levels 37.95 ± 6.10 dB and the audiometric gain 19.84 dB and similarly in Grade IV 37.95 ± 6.10 dB and the audiometric gain was 25.95 dB. Conclusion: It can be concluded the tympanic membrane perforations are very common in men with the frequency of posterior perforations are greater and the hearing loss does not vary substantially with the location of the perforation. Surgical intervention of perforations is required when they fail to heal spontaneously and the audiometric gain following myringoplasty was more where the size of perforations was large

Anatoxin–a(S) "Salivary"[a] is a naturally occurring cyanotoxin commonly isolated from cyanobacteria (specifically of the genus Anabaena) and causes excess salivation in mammals via inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Anatoxin–a(S) is structurally a cyclic N–hydroxyguanine organophosphate with a phosphate ester moiety. Parameters such as FT–IR and Raman vibrational wavelengths and intensities for single crystal Anatoxin–a and Anatoxin–a(s) are calculated using density functional theory and were compared with empirical results. The investigation about vibrational spectrum of cycle dimers in crystal with carboxyl groups from each molecule of acid was shown that it leads to create Hydrogen bounds for adjacent molecules. The current study aimed to investigate the possibility of simulating the empirical values. Analysis of vibrational spectrum of Anatoxin–a and Anatoxin–a(s) is performed based on theoretical simulation and FT– IR empirical spectrum and Raman empirical spectrum using density functional theory in levels of F/6–31G*, HF/6– 31++G**, MP2/6–31G, MP2/6–31++G**, BLYP/6–31G, BLYP/6–31++G**, B3LYP/6–31G and B3LYP6–31–HEG**. Vibration modes of methylene, carboxyl acid and phenyl cycle are separately investigated. The obtained values confirm high accuracy and validity of results obtained from calculations.

Disposable hypodermic needles are essential tools in endodontic therapy. Their basic function is injection of irrigating solutions into the root canal for the purpose of removing debris and microorganisms from the root canal during chemomechanical preparation. The objective of this study was to determine the similarities, in gauge/size number, length and color-coding system, between disposable hypodermic needles and endodontic files/reamers. Search engines such as google.com and google scholar were used to collect data on disposable hypodermic needles and files/reamers based on diameter, gauge/size number, length and color-coding system. The obtained data were compared between the two groups of instruments with a view to finding similarities in their sizes, color-coding systems and lengths. The two groups of instruments exhibited variations in lengths, numbering and color-coding systems. However, there were striking similarities between the outer diameters of disposable needles (gauge 28-17) and the diameters of the tips of reamers/files (size 35-40) respectively. It was concluded that disposable hypodermic needles with gauge number 28-17 and files/reamers with number 35-140 are similar in their outer diameters. The understanding of the similarities between these two groups of instruments, within the specified gauge/number ranges, will assist in appropriate selection of needles for root canal irrigation as well as in the technical design of disposable hypodermic needles for carrying plastic materials in orthograde apical third root filling technique.

The development of today's world very rapidly. This can be seen from the number of vocational schools are opened, competition in attracting highly a variety of students, both with the quality of service, price all on offer to attract students. This study aimed to test the quality of service and price to desperation choose a school in SMK Health Husada Primary town of attack, this data is taken from the year 2013 to 2017 has decreased students each year, this study is descriptive meant to know the characteristics of respondents and respondents with using a sample of 181 respondents.

Curtis Jr [1] provides a theory of Research Conferences, with Graduate Program Educated Attendees and Presenters, and References, including i. a motivation and qualitative sample structure of higher education design, ii. Curriculum designs of colleges and universities, iii. The selection of coursework and courses based on the accumulation of knowledge, iv. The selection of coursework and course based on purpose and reasoning, v. the successful completion & the work of successful graduates. Curtis Jr [1] also provides exhibits from January 4-7, 2018. American Economic Association, in coordination with the Allied Social Sciences Association Conference, in Philadelphia, PA. Finally, Curtis Jr [1] provides four tables describing i. a dictionary of research products, ii. Research conferences applications and successes, iii. Research publications applications and success, and iv. serious employment inquires.

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of demographic and institutional factors on utilisation of online library services by distance learners of the University of Nairobi. Specifically, the study aimed at achieving an objectives: viz. assess the extent to which learners‟ computer literacy influences utilisation of online library services. The study was anchored on the positivist research paradigm. Descriptive survey and correlation research designs were adopted for this study. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and interview schedules. The target population consisted of 1671learners in the School of Open and Distance Learning and 14 librarians found in the University of Nairobi namely Kikuyu Campus, Chiromo Campus and the main library Campus (The Jomo Kenyatta Memorial Library). The sample size was 312 respondents. A pre-test study was conducted using 31learners and 1 librarian. This constituted 10% of the study sample. The researcher tested for the inter-item reliability of the instruments using Cronbach‟s Alpha and results ranged from 52.5%-95.8% for learners‟ questionnaires while that of librarians recorded 69.8%.Data analysis were done using frequency counts, the mean and standard deviation while hypothesis was tested using multiple linear regression analysis; one way analysis of variance at0.05 level of significance. The key finding indicated a significant relationship. The finding indicated no significant relationship between computer literacy and utilisation of online library services at (r = 0.234, R2 = 0.055, n=259, ρ<0.05). However, one factor, learners‟ computer literacy had no influence on utilisation of online library services. The study recommends that all distance learners irrespective of their gender and age should be enlightened to use online library services provided by the University of Nairobi. The outcome of this study may act as basis for policy formulation for both the University of Nairobi and the government of Kenya regarding Distance Learning Programmes. Further research may be carried out to ensure that these demographic and institutional factors are tested in other study samples found in other public universities in Kenya.

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of demographic and institutional factors on utilisation of online library services by distance learners of the University of Nairobi. Specifically, the study aimed at achieving eight objectives: viz. examine the influence of learners’ gender on utilisation of online library services; determine the influence of learners’ age on utilisation of online library services; assess the extent to which learners’ computer literacy influences utilisation of online library services; establish the influence of learners’ awareness of availability of online library services on utilisation of online library services; asses the influence of learners’ programme of study on utilisation of online library services. The study was anchored on the positivist research paradigm. Descriptive survey and correlation research designs were adopted for this study. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and interview schedules. The target population consisted of 1671learners in the School of Open and Distance Learning and 14 librarians found in the University of Nairobi namely Kikuyu Campus, Chiromo Campus and the main library Campus (The Jomo Kenyatta Memorial Library). The sample size was 312 respondents. A pre-test study was conducted using 31learners and 1 librarian. This constituted 10% of the study sample. The researcher tested for the inter-item reliability of the instruments using Cronbach’s Alpha and results ranged from 52.5%-95.8% for learners’ questionnaires while that of librarians recorded 69.8%. Data analysis were done using frequency counts, the mean and standard deviation while hypothesis was tested using multiple linear regression analysis; one way analysis of variance at0.05 level of significance.

This study sought to establish the influence of principal‟s leadership styles on teachers‟ professional commitment in Kericho Sub-county, Kenya. Specifically the study endeavored to establish the influence of Principals‟ Democratic Leadership style on Teachers‟ Professional Commitment in public secondary schools in Kericho Sub-county. This research was informed by the situational leadership theory and descriptive research design was adopted to guide the study. The sub-county has 31 public secondary schools. In the 31 schools there are a total of 31 principals, 155 Heads of Departments and 400 Teachers. All the 31 principals were selected to participate in the study because the sub county has recorded a decline in KCSE performance in the last two years. Five (5) HODS‟ in charge of academics from each school were purposively selected because of their special complementary roles in the leadership and management of schools. Simple random sampling was used to select five subject teachers in each school, one from each academic department to participate in the study; also 3 sub county quality assurance and standards officers‟ were selected. Therefore a total of 344 respondents comprising of 31 principals, 155 HOD‟s, 155 subject teachers and 3 SCQASOs constituted the total sample size. Data was collected using questionnaires which were administered to principals, HODs and subject teachers while interview schedules were used to guide discussions with the SCQASOs. Validity of the instrument was determined by the supervisors, lecturers in the department of Education Kisii University. For reliability, a test re-test of the findings was calculated and a Pearson‟s correlation coefficient of 0.856 was obtained. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics with aid of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program while the results from interviews were analyzed qualitatively and thematically. Results revealed that democratic leadership style was the dominant style employed by principals in Kericho Sub-County together with the democratic practices employed point to a leadership that recognizes ideals of democracy in management. Other practices, principals delegate tasks and assignments to staff members (M=1.94, SD = 0.923); Principals ensure that members of staff feel involved and relevant in decision making process (M = 2.10, SD = 1.075); The study recommended that there is need to consider blending the leadership styles since each has some contribution to make indirectly to learner performance. The researcher paid keen attention to research ethical issues and got the informed consent of the respondents and guarded against plagiarism and ensured confidentiality.

Access to education has been a global phenomenon since education has been viewed as a vehicle for economic and social development in society. In Kenya, access to education has been a challenge at all levels in our educational institutions ranging from primary to tertiary level. There is low access rate in boarding Secondary Schools in Nyamira North Sub County despite the fact that there is funding of education by the government through subsidy program. The study was guided by this objective: To evaluate the extent to which subsidized secondary education program had enhanced access to education in boarding secondary schools in Nyamira North sub-county. The area of study was Nyamira North Sub County that has a population of 43 Secondary Schools with 43 principals, 43 Deputy Principals, 43 Bursars, 646 class teachers, one sub-county Quality Assurance and Standards officer and one sub-county Education Officer. The study was done using descriptive research design and the following research instruments were used: Administering questionnaire, interviewing and use of content analysis. The study used purposive sampling for all the small samples except class teachers of 646 that was sampled at 30%. Additionally, simple random sampling method was used in collecting data. Validity of the research instruments was done by subjecting the instruments to the experts for verification and adjustment. The research instruments were also subjected to test and retest method for reliability purpose at significance level of 0.83.The instruments were piloted in three schools before they were finally rolled to all the schools and they were found to be valid and reliable. Data was collected after seeking a research permit from the ministry of education after the University gave clearance for data collection. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The main findings of the study was that 76.8% had disagreed that government subsidy had improved access to education in boarding secondary schools in Nyamira North Sub-county. The recommendation was to improve funding of subsidized secondary education program by having a special levy to finance secondary education programs in boarding schools fully. The researcher paid keen attention to research ethical issues and got the informed consent of the respondents and guarded against plagiarism and ensured confidentiality.