This study aims to evaluate the empowerment of teacher working groups (KKG) in increasing the professionalism of primary school teachers in Gorontalo District. This study uses a context, input, process and product evaluation model. This research included evaluative research using the CIPP model. The study population was 50 pengurusa and members of the KKG in Gorontalo Regency, and all of them were used as research subjects. The research data was obtained through questionnaires and interviews. The results of the study showed that context evaluation, through group empowerment, was carried out by communicating and consulting activities related to the preparation of work programs and planning programs to improve teacher professional competence. Evaluation of input, showing understanding of the objectives of the KKG activities reaching 92% and activeness of members at each KKG activity reaching 95%, work programs that become priors are activities related to learning administration, Process Evaluation, Implementation of the KKG involves the active role and support of principals, supervisors the education office provides the opportunity for teachers to take part in the KKG and gives permission to use school facilities as a means. Product Evaluation, achievement of learning administration is expected to improve to support teacher professionalism and learning effectiveness. Products produced from KKG activities are 80% the products that are produced are used to increase professionalism and improve student learning outcomes.

This research took the title of effect of anxiety and disposition on student mathematics learning achievement in medan state 28 junior high school, Indonesia. In this study, anxiety and disposition as independent variables and mathematics learning achievement as a dependent variable. Anxiety when learning mathematics owned by students tend to be influenced by the image of mathematics lessons that are already famous scary. This is because students recognize mathematics subjects are difficult subjects and complicated, so it triggers the fear of students to learn math and resulted in anxiety when faced with mathematics subjects. Contrary to that, mathematical disposition is a change in the tendency of students to see and behave towards mathematics, and to act when learning mathematics. For example, when students can solve non-routine problems, their attitudes and beliefs as a student become more positive. The more mathematical concepts are understood, the more sure the students that mathematics can be mastered. Mathematical disposition can also be interpreted as a desire, awareness and a strong dedication to students to learn math and carry out various mathematical activities. Based on the theory, that there are many factors that affect student's mathematics learning achievement. In this study, researchers took the two factors above, namely anxiety and mathematical disposition. This research takes place in medan state 28 junior high school which is located at North Sumatera. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with a sample of all students class VIII which each class average amounted to 35 people. The data taken are questionnaires, using Pearson Correlation analysis, Spearman Correlation and Kendal's tau. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21 for Windows software tool. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that: (1) there is no influence of anxiety on student learning achievement. Or in other words, student learning achievement is not at all affected by the student's anxiety in facing examinations, especially in mathematics; (2) there is an effect of disposition on student learning achievement. Or in other words, student learning achievement is influenced by the disposition attitudes that students have in mathematics learning; (3) simultaneously, anxiety and disposition are proven to have a contribution to influence student achievement, although individually, anxiety does not affect student learning achievement.

The use of the internet brings information resources closer to students so that they can easily access information from various sources. The purpose of this study is to analyze the information needs of students SMP Islam Athirah 1 Makassar on information sources available on the internet. The basis of this study used is a survey study that examines the role of the internet as a medium of information for students of SMP Islam Athirah 1 Makassar. Whereas the type of research is quantitative. The number of sample members for this study were 162 students, who came from Class VII = 77 students and Class VIII = 85 students by means of proportional stratified random sampling. The results of this study indicate the level of internet use of students at Makassar Islamic Middle School 1 in the category of frequent access both in terms of the type of information and facilities offered all based on respondents' needs for information related to science, information needs of students have different portions. But the tendency is more in need of information relating to science than the need for entertainment information. In seeking knowledge students prefer website facilities rather than choosing information facilities to exchange knowledge information in the form of e-mail.

This paper demonstrates the imperativeness of public participation if the people who are entrusted with leadership in a country misgovern amid the watch of constitutionalism. For social justice to occur—for the vast majority of Kenyans to access healthcare, adequate housing, adequate and nutritious food, safe water, social security, education, to ensure their well-being—governance is the sine qua non. It is not governance per se, but governance that is participatory: a type of governance that values the views of the governed. Kenya, with a population of approximately 50 million, has over 45 per cent of its people living below the poverty line or on less than two dollars a day while some citizens have by far more than they need. The East African country is regarded by the World Bank, UNDP and other authorities as one of the most unequal countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Because of this huge divide between the haves and the have-notes, the country is far from attaining social justice. For social justice to be achieved, social problems have to be mitigated. This is only achieved if people have access to the basic needs such as clean water, food, healthcare, and clothing. But then again, social justice cannot be achieved without public participation, accountability, transparency, effectiveness and efficiency, equity and inclusiveness, responsiveness, and the rule of law. Through literature review, it is clear that participatory governance boosts not only equality and equity, but also efficiency and effectiveness in service delivery, alleviation of corruption, ineptitude, laxity and inertia, and empowerment of the people in their quest to expand their choices.

The study assessed the impact of poverty alleviation programme on Agricultural Production and Literacy Among Adults in Damaturu Yobe state. The Objectives of the study is to assess the impact of poverty alleviation on Agricultural production and Literacy among Adults. And the beneficiaries of this study are the Yobe State Agency for Community and Social Development, Ministry of Sport and Youth Empowerment, Non-Governmental Organization Eradicating Poverty, Youths/Adult, Farmers and School Dropout. A survey research design was used for the study. The target population of the study was comprise of 300 beneficiaries of poverty alleviation programmes in Damaturu Local Government Area, one hundred and sixty nine (169) was selected as sample through simple random sampling techniques. The instrument used for this study was questionnaire tagged Assessment of Poverty Alleviation Programmes on Adults Economic in Empowerment in Damaturu, Yobe State (APAPAEED). In analyzing the data descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, mean and Ranks was used. The study reveals that Poverty Alleviation Programmes has positive impacts on Agricultural Production and Literacy programme in Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria.

Coastal Zone Development requires a focused and sustainable star strategy so that the success of a regional planning is largely determined by the regional development strategy. The purpose of this study is to determine the development strategy of the coastal area of the city of Makassar. This research method is located at the Makassar City Spatial and Building Office, with the consideration that it is necessary to carry out research to find out actually based on documents and interviews as well as direct observation to the Tallo River Strategic Area and North Reclamation Area. This study uses a qualitative approach. The results showed that the strategy for developing the northern coastal area was designed for the center of maritime activities and as a disaster mitigation effort but in addition to being a permanent reclamation area, conservation efforts were still considered. strategic areas that are directed and designated as areas that provide strong control over the stability and balance of the environment of coastal ecosystems. The Tallo River region has a strategic direction as an area that provides potential raw water sources, an area designated as a Strategic Energy Center with high sensitivity and complexity as a city energy center. the development strategy of the coastal region of Makassar City shows that the northern coastal region is designated as a center of maritime activities and also as a disaster mitigation effort in urban coastal areas.

The existence of law enforcement agencies in the Republic is considered not as protectors and protectors, but often backfires and social problems because what is aspired are not by the reality. Nevertheless, the community continues to voice the law as what is desired even though sometimes it is ignored but still struggling. The law desired by society is necessarily a law that lives sociologically. At the level of investigation in the police, even if someone is suspected of having committed a minor criminal offense, the police will still apply the concept of the investigation by the prescribed criminal procedure law. In the current system of investigating criminal cases, the government continues to seek reasoning mediation against the background of thoughts that are associated with the ideas of renewal of criminal law (penal reform) and associated with the problem of pragmatism. The background of the ideas of "reforming reasoning" includes the idea of victim protection, technical ideas, the idea of restorative justice, the idea of overcoming rigidity/formality in the prevailing system, the idea of avoiding the adverse effects of the criminal justice system and the current criminal system, in particular in seeking other alternatives to imprisonment (alternative to imprisonment/alternative to custody). The problem that can be raised from this paper is how the position of a system of reasoning mediation in the police investigation system on objects and how the opportunities and prospects for the implementation of a penal mediation system as an effort to discuss criminal law in Indonesia. This research study is normative juridical research by looking at national criminal law as a rule or norm in the enforcement of criminal law. The researcher will see the principle of legality in national criminal provisions both in principle and in the application of law enforcement. In normative juridical research, the type of data used is secondary data obtained from library data.

The government provides criminal law policies to someone who wants to be a whistleblower and a justice collaborator of corruption. The criminal law policy is enforced in Law No. 31 of 2014 as a complement to the weaknesses of Law No. 13 of 2006 and several other regulations. Regarding the amount of government appreciation given in the form of protection and appreciation, it is necessary to know how important the role of a whistleblower and justice collaborator is in uncovering the main criminal acts of corruption in assisting the criminal justice system in this country. This paper was carried out at the Witness and Victim Protection Agency. The data obtained are primary data and secondary data. Also, primary data collection techniques are also carried out by interviewing the parties concerned which are then analyzed descriptively. The data obtained is then processed and reviewed based on the formulation of the problem that has been applied so that it is expected to obtain a clear and concrete picture of the objects discussed qualitatively and subsequently presented descriptively namely explaining, elaborating, and describing by the problems closely related to this research. In giving testimony in general, the Justice Collaborator is motivated by a reduction in the period of detention or from his heart. Indeed he intends to repent. However, also in the testimony sometimes a Justice Collaborator is disturbed or hindered by his fellow friends who commit a crime, and this is what every country in the world needs to regulate so that the dismantling of a crime can run optimally. In responding to Corruption cases, countries in the world have reacted with various rules so that they can create a deterrent effect for the perpetrators of the crime, as well as the rules regarding Whistleblowers and Justice Collaborators they have included in their country's Law. However, in Indonesia, the rules regarding witnesses of new perpetrators and reporters are regulated in the 2011 Supreme Court Circular.

Sometimes writing impressively gratifies the writer, while writing expressively not only satisfies, but also benefits the reader. If so, writers who write to impress themselves had better keep their written work for their personal reading. How writers use language is critical, because it determines how meanings of their ideas are received, interpreted and acted upon (herein referred to as language ergonomics). This paper reviews literature from English language authorities on well—writing to express. It is about using a short, specific, concrete, common, and positive word; about using a strong verb and the active voice; about using a word that means what it is supposed to mean. That is all about effective writing as defined by eight Cs: Concise, saying what needs to be said using only the necessary words; Choice, using suitable words; Compelling, saying it in a way that makes the listener or reader pay attention; Compliant, obeying relevant language rules. It is also defined as Consistent, avoiding contradictions, i.e. being in agreement with what the experts say; Clear, using a simple and direct way so that listeners or readers understand it easily; Coherent, saying it in a logical and organised way; Concrete, trying to be as definite and as specific as possible. The researcher discovers through analysis that great writers use both adverbs and adjectives sparingly to avoid wastage. While adjectives overwhelm nouns, adverbs weaken verbs. Wordsmiths prefer strong verbs to modifiers, opt for concrete words as opposed to abstract ones, go in for a variety of sentences rather than only long-winded ones, and choose the active voice other than passive. If writers chose to follow these simple rules, communication objectives could be achieved.

This research aims to find out and analyze the effect of the clarity of budget targets, reporting systems and accounting controls on performance accountability in the agricultural sector. Based on the calculation results using Slovin formula, the sample of the study was 158 samples consisting of 18 Agricultural Offices of South Sumatra Regency. Data analysis method uses Multiple Regression. The results of the study show Clarity of Budget Objectives, Reporting Systems and Accounting Control in the Agricultural Sector (Case Study in PTPH Service of South Sumatra Province) has a positive and significant influence on Performance Accountability. The reporting system has a more dominant influence on Performance Accountability compared to Clarity of budget targets.

The flexure of a clamped uniformly-loaded thin isotropic rectangular plate is herein analysed. The deflected surface was approximated using a grid work of beams. Coordinate polynomial deflection function satisfying the geometric boundary conditions was derived. Furthermore, different approximations of the derived polynomial function were developed for the clamped rectangular plate corresponding to the first, second and third approximations. The unknown deflection coefficients of the different deflection functions were obtained using Galerkin method, for different aspect ratios ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 for the different approximations. The numerical values of the computed coefficients were compared with the results from previous works and the degree and pattern of convergence observed. The convergence to the results of the classical solution increased as the number of approximations increased from first to third approximation such that the average percentage difference came to 1.98 %, for maximum deflection and 1.96 % for the maximum span moment of the principal axis in the third approximation. This clearly shows that the present study closely compares with the results of classical solution.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between transactional analysis strategies and workplace harmony of hospitability organizations in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Cross sectional survey design was used for this study. High levels of casualization of staff strength were found in these organizations under study, hence the study focus only on the managers of selected standard hospitality organizations in Rivers State. Sample size of ninety (90) managers was sampled using census survey design. The hypotheses of the study was tested and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), findings revealed that, the dimension of the predictor variable transactional analysis strategies; personality component, Ego states, Trust and Communication have a significant relationship between the measure of the criterion variable workplace harmony; grievances frequency and collaboration. The Moderating factors of motivation and leadership moderate the relationship between transactional analysis strategies and workplace harmony of hospitality organization in Rivers State. Therefore, we recommended that thoughtfulness and adherence should be geared towards implementing the dimension listed and discussed in this study as it enhances workplace harmony.

The advent of Islam in the sixth century resulted in the formation of a new empire and a world civilization. With the rise of Islam, Muslims had made immense leaps forward in the area of Science and Technology. The Contribution of Islamic Civilization to Science and Technology from the 8th to 16th century is a noteworthy expansion in human antiquity. The Muslim Scientists not only conserved the ancient knowledge, but also transformed it into major new contributions to the basic science and technology. Muslim Scientists significantly contributed to human knowledge in various fields through their innovations. This contribution was so great that Islamic civilization has been the pioneer of the scientific, intellectual and cultural genius for a long period of time. This paper, therefore analyses the contributions of Islamic Civilization with particular references to sciences. It affirms that Islam is beyond only the religion of prayers and rituals. This paper will also try to shed a light on few works that have been carried out by the Muslim Scientists with a brief explanation on their work on applied sciences like Mathematics, Astronomy, Chemistry, Physics, Medicine and other branches of modern science.

This study aims at determining the impact of four determinants: market intelligence, competitors intelligence, technological intelligence and strategic intelligence on the innovation of marketing communication activities in Saudi service organizations. These determinants called competitive intelligence. Determining the statistical differences in the levels of innovation and competitive intelligence in the survived organizations are objectives of this study. The research population consists all of large Saudi companies working in the service sector in the year 2016 which are commercial banks, telecom companies, insurance companies and private hospitals. The full survey method is used. The number of survived companies reached to 67 companies. The study approved that the competitive intelligence and its determinants are key sources of innovation in marketing communication activities. The study also find that there are no statistical differences in the level competitive intelligence while the differences in the level of innovation is approved. Finally, the study recommended some implications to improve the levels of competitive intelligence and innovation in Saudi economy.

This present article is dedicated to the study of tense and modality in Kwame Nkrumah’s speech delivered in May 1963 at the meeting of African Heads of States and Governments. Indeed, during this historic occasion, Nkrumah has made use of tense and modality to express his point of view related to the validation of the predicative relation, to the assessment of African states situation, to the creation of African unity and to the consequences that might result from this unity. Furthermore, he has expressed his commitment, his determination and made suggestion and given advice to mark a break of the situation they were enduring.