Although remarkable advances have been made in the detection and management of mood disorders over the last few decades, the increasing worldwide prevalence of depression continues to challenge researchers and clinicians alike. In spite of the availability of antidepressant drugs depression continue to be a major medical problem. Although there are many effective antidepressants available today, the current therapy is often inadequate with unsatisfactory results in about one third of all subjects treated. Various plants are being used in complementary and alternative medicines for management of mood disorders. The methanol stem-bark extract of Ficus vallis was investigated for antidepressant activity using the Forced Swim Test and Tail Suspension Test models. The locomotor activity was also evaluated using the Open Field Test so as to rule out possible psyco-stimulant activity. It was observed from our study that Ficus vallis methanol extract showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in immobility at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses in the Tail Suspension Test. While in the Forced Swim Test there was a significant (p < 0.02) with the 400 mg/kg dose when compared with normal saline. The methanol stem-bark extract of Ficus vallis possesses antidepressant properties in mice with significant decrease in duration of immobility.

The aim of this study was to examine the possibility effects of betamethasone on a differential white blood cell counts in the hen،s Egg test – chorioallantoic membrane (HET- CAM) test as a novel in vivo model. As well as in this study was manifested this model had to all types of mature white blood cells of chick embryos in age 12-15 days of incubation period. Because of the short period of chick embryos were treated with betamethasone (only 120 minutes) did not showed significantly changes in leukocyte counts (Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils and Basophils) in treated groups with different doses of betamethasone (3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192 μg / g of total egg weight, topically). We conclude in this study that, the (HET- CAM) test may be used as in vivo model to study the changes in deferential leukocyte counts, because of the blood smear have all types of leukocyte, and the work was appeared in this model have low cost accompanied with other laboratory animals.

This study aims to examine and analyze the concept of decision making in the diversion process for children facing the law who are not yet 12 years old; and law enforcement decision making in the diversion process for children who are faced with a law that is not yet 12 years old (Study of the Chairperson of the Mataram District Court Number: 22/Pen. Div/2017/PN Mtr). The concept of decision making in the diversion process for children facing the law that is not yet 12 years old is the judge in imposing sanctions for children considering recommendations in the social research report made by community counselors to express and find data and information objectively about the development and background of life children from various sociological, psychological and other aspects while still paying attention to the best interests of the child. Law enforcement of decision making in the diversion process against children who are faced with a law that is not yet 12 years old emphasizes restorative justice which is the goal in the implementation of the diversion of cases of children facing the law. Law enforcement officials both Investigators, Community Guidance and Professional Social Workers conduct deliberations to reach a decision based on restorative justice that prioritizes the best interests of children.

Sexual violence are escalating not only in Malaysia but all over the world. Most often the perpetrator have close contact with the victim. Sexual violence against children and women brings with it long-term complications. The victims suffer in silence. Effective and organised preventive measures are necessary to safe guard the vulnerable innocent people.

Traditionally, the orthodontist dealt with correcting malocclusions in growing patients however an increased awareness among adult patients for dentofacial aesthetics has resulted in a huge demand for orthodontics in the adult population. However, successful orthodontic treatment can be difficult when treating adult patients since dentoalveolar development ceases after adolescence. Short treatment time is a constantly recurring request by many adult patients, hence clinicians have searched for alternative methods to accelerate tooth movement. Therefore the aim of the present study was evaluation of modified alveolar corticotomy-facilitated orthodontic treatment in adult patients with bimaxillary protrusion. Three patients with the age range of 24-30 years having class I malocclusion with Bimaxillary protrusion were included.

Background: Adolescent and young adults with cancer are a unique population, but not much is known about their endof-life sexual preferences and trajectories. Limited information is available on the sexual need of terminally adolescent cancer patients. Objective: Follow-up of 3 young unmarried female terminal cancer patients; all of them had a wish of losing their virginity before dying. Results: Two of the patients were in their late teens and one 22, all had advanced disease. One patient received only alternative herbal treatment for her osteogenic sarcoma; the other patient received conventional plus alternative homeopathy therapy after relapse of her brain tumour (Glioblastoma multiforme) and the last patient had only conventional treatment for her chronic lymphoid leukaemia. Two patients could fulfil their wish of losing virginity, in one it was possible after her marriage. One patient committed suicide after she became pregnant, and the other two died because of the disease. Conclusion: Adolescents and young adults with life-limiting illnesses have a tendency to indulge in some crazy activities before dying. Sex can be one such activity they may want to attempt. It is therefore important to counsel adolescent cancer patients about high-risk sexual behaviours. Special space could be created after obtaining necessary permission from the concerned authorities where open minded volunteer (boy/girl) can spend some intimate time with the terminal cancer patients under the supervision of health care providers.

In order to achieve success in the fabrication of fixed prostheses, an appropriate marginal fit is mandatory. Despite the technological advancements in terms of the improvement of casting techniques, die fabrication, waxing pattern and coping fabrication, a discrepancy remains between the restoration’s margin and the cervical edge of the prepared tooth. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the casting accuracy by axial coverage of the die spacer 1.00 mm short from the finish line. Efforts were made to select and utilize standard method. Increased casting accuracy with die spacer application short by 1.00 mm from finish line could be due to the reason that unpainted area will ensure an area of close adaptation at the margin. Irrespective of the method of the die spacer application, all the castings showed deficiency in the marginal fit. application of die spacer 1.00 mm short from finish line on the die is beneficial to reduce the discrepancy in marginal fit and also to reduce the exposure of the cement at the margins.

Metal Injection moulding (MIM) is an advanced near net shape forming process for high quality of complex shapes combined with high properties of materials. The concept of the MIM is based on mixing of the fine powders with a small proportion of polymer to form a feedstock that can be moulded. The granulated feedstock is then giving shape using injection moulding machine. After shaping, the polymer binder is then removed from the moulded part without significant disturbing the powder particles. Then, the powder is sintered at high temperatures. This paper discussed the mechanical properties and in-vitro evaluations of injection moulded cobalt based alloy for potential orthopedic

A new reversed phase simple, economic and specific validated high performance liquid chromatography method for estimation of moxifloxacin in human plasma. Mobile phase used is acetonitrile: trisodium phosphate (5:95% v/v). UV detection at 294nm. The bioanalytical procedure involves de proteination of plasma with liquid-liquid extraction. The percentage of relative recovery and coefficient of variation of accuracy and precision were within acceptable limits. The method proved in simple, cost effective and sensitive for estimation of moxifloxicin in human plasma

Aim: To know the seroprevalence of clinical pattern of dermatophytosis (superficial mycosis) with most common fungal pathogen and association with the occupation in P.D.U. Hospital, Rajkot Gujarat region of the India. Methods: A clinical and mycological study of superficial mycosis was conducted on 250 cases (135 male and 115 female). Direct microscopy by KOH mount and culture was undertaken to isolate the fungal pathogen in each case. Results: 225 out of 250 cases (xxx) were positive by direct microscopy in which 130 (xxx) were positive by culture. The commonest age group involved was 21-30 years.Ladourer were affected in115 case out of 250(47.6%) Tinea corporis was the most common clinical presentation and Trichopyton rubrum was the most commonfungal pathogen isolated followed by Trichopyton mentagrophyte. Conclusion: It was concluded that dermatophytes, are the most common fungal causes of superficial mycosis.

The forensic odontology is the study making use of the human dentition throughout each stage of dental evaluation. The key element for identification includes their radiographic morphology and filling materials. The knowledge of detecting this is a valuable tool mark in the presumptive identification of the dentition of a burned victim. Dental identification of a deceased individual is a core task in forensic odontology. The accurate recording of clinical dental procedures has become more important over time due to the increasing trend of medicolegal issues worldwide. Previous reports have discussed the practical usefulness of endodontic evidence for human identification. Advances in endodontic imaging, root and root canal anatomy, and biomaterials have been consistently emerging in endodontic research and practice. This paper throws light on the clinician’s role & perspectives in forensic odontology & endodontics.

Klebsiella pneumoniae, Gram Negative, capsulated rod shaped Bacilli is responsible for causing life threatening infections in humans and also opportunistic bacterial pathogen of clinical relevance for its association with both nosocomial infections and community acquired infections.Moreover, increased resistance to these antibiotics complicates and limits the available therapeutic drug options for the clinicians. Hence this study was taken to investigate the antimicrobial drug resistance and Prevalence of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. This is a Retrospective study conducted at from JANUARY 2018 to DECEMBER 2018 at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital included Sputum sample of 3125 in patients from various Department, out of which 2154 had growth, from which 1320 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were collected. Patient’s demographic details, co-morbid conditions other associated risk factors were also collected. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was done on Muller Hinton agar by Kirby bauer method as described by the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). The result shows 1320 Isolates, resistance to antibiotics like (Amoxicillin intrinsically resistance), Cefepime (70.8%),Ceftriaxone (67.5%), Cefuroxime (58.3%), Gentamycin (43.3%) and 726 ESBL producers (55%) which clearly point towards the multi-drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and ESBL producers were significantly more resistant compared to ESBL nonproducers. Hence, Routine ESBL testing should be done along with antibiogram for the proper treatment of patients and also to prevent the development of multi drug resistance.

The aim of this review is to highlight the awareness and utilization of mouthguards and reasons for not wearing it. A literature search was performed using the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google scholar data base for all the articles between 2000 and 2018 and was not restricted to specific languages. The search terms used were mouth guard, mouth piece, mouth protector, awareness and use. The results revealed that the awareness of mouthguards is high but the usage is low. In most of the studies the given reason for not using mouthguards is not necessary to wear it followed by discomfort.

This paper examined the long run relationship between FDI inflows and oil exports in Nigeria which most previous studies have not fully explored in recent times. Data were collected from CBN Statistical Bulletin and UNCTAD investment report from 1990 to 2016, and various diagnostic tests such as Unit Roots and Johansen co-integration were conducted. Thereafter, Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Granger Causality Test were adopted to address the objective of this study. It was established that a significant positive relationship exists between FDI inflows and oil exports in Nigeria. This shows that what drives foreign investors in Nigeria is crude oil which constitutes the major share of the nation`s exports. In the same vein, there is an existence of a unidirectional causality which runs from FDI inflows to oil exports in Nigeria. This further shows that FDI inflows motivate oil exports in the country. Due to the significant findings that emerged from this study, it could be recommended that when attraction of FDI inflows are the target of the policy makers in Nigeria, improving variables like oil exports and inflation rate will induce the inflows of cross border investment accordingly in the long run. Also, the Nigerian government should be committed to effective exchange rate management which is sensitive to FDI inflows in the country.

Subsidized LPG products are only intended for the poor. While non-poor people are encouraged to use non-subsidized LPG. In the midst of increasing the number of poor people in Medan City, the realization of non-subsidized LPG sales has decreased. The purpose of this study is to find factors that affect non-poor household customers switching using non-subsidized LPG and drafting alternative strategies and policies that can be implemented by Pertamina's management to make switching of non-poor household LPG customers who have been using LPG subsidies to non-subsidized LPG. This type of research is correlational research. The questionnaire was distributed accidentally to 100 non-poor household LPG customers in Kota Medan who have switched to non-subsidized LPG. From the results of the analysis, it was found that 52.2% of non-subsidized LPG purchases were influenced by Advertising, Sales Promotion, Public Relations, Personal Selling, and Interactive Marketing, while 47.8% were influenced by other variables outside the variables used in this study. Advertising variables, Sales Promotion, Public Relations, Personal Selling, and Interactive Marketing have a significant effect on the decision of purchase of non-subsidized LPG. However, based on partial testing, Personal Selling variables have no significant effect on non-subsidized LPG purchases. On the contrary, the variables of Advertising, Sales Promotion, Public Relations, and Interactive Marketing significantly affect the purchasing decisions