Introduction: The term gallbladder mucocele refers to an overdistended gallbladder filled with mucoid or clear and watery content. Usually noninflammatory, it results from outlet obstruction of the gallbladder and is commonly caused by an impacted stone in the neck of the gallbladder or in the cystic duct. Case Report: A Patient 27 yrs female came with pain in abdomen to the opd, the patient presented with 3 day history of vomiting and inappetance. The ultrasound was done and chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis diagnosis was given and the patients were operated and the laproscopic cholecystectomy specimens were sent to pathology department. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed and the gall bladder was sent for routine histopathological evaluation. The diagnosis of mucocele was made on histopathological examination.

A chemical injury of the eye presents a genuine, acute emergency and requires immediate evaluation and management. Ocular chemical injury management remains one of the most difficult ocular emergencies. The prognosis for an eye injury depends not only on the severity of the injury but also on the rapidity and mode of initial treatment. Reconstruction of ocular surface following chemical burn by amniotic membrane (AM) for grafting is a very effective technique. AM graft promotes epithelial regeneration and facilitates migration of epithelial cells. Eight years old boy presented with ocular chemical injury by chemical mixed water holi balloon in his left eye. Patient presented with severe pain, excessive watering, with swollen lids and conjunctiva. More than 90% of the cornea surface, whole of the bulbar as well as palpaberal conjunctiva was eroded and whole eye was stained with green colour (chemical). Amniotic Membrane Transplantation (AMT) done under general anesthesia with corneal continuous girdle suture, conjunctival forniceal lid sutures and finally Bandage Contact Lens was applied. Patient had three months follow regular follow up and was clinically asymptomatic.

The peculiarity of Kazakh education is manifested in respect for the older generation. Elders of the family-elders pass on their experience and national traditions to the younger generation. But in the modern world with strict requirements to the competitiveness of young professionals, the life experience of elders is not enough. In such a situation, an important role is given to the school teacher as a source of new knowledge and a guide to new areas of knowledge. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to study the role of teachers in one of the rural schools in the South of Kazakhstan. It is shown that the peculiarity of the traditional Kazakh way of life, preserved in rural areas, allows to attract the local population to the educational process by organizing optional activities and intra-school organizations of interest.

This research uses a quantitative method with descriptive analysis that focuses on the study of construction projects from the phenomenological side by using the thoughts of prominent figures including sevilary demirkesen, Beliz Ozorhon,and Eroshkin. By using qualitative collection methods by interviewing informants to get a conclusion. The results of exploration show that many factors influence the success of the construction. One of them is project management. The role and function of operational management can be used as a benchmark for the level of effectiveness and efficiency in terms of using the project budget. The achievement of the level of success of the implementation of construction operational management functions must be accompanied by the application of the company's internal control system (SPI) in an optimal manner, to avoid construction failure. Where the success and failure of the basic aspects above will have an impact on the quality of the company's financial statement

Background: In the recent years, yoga was found to causes a betterment and improvement in the health of human being without ailments. The meditation play a major role in society by improving the significant changes in bodily activities such as maintain the stress level, alertness, homeostasis, anxiety, vascular system, memory power etc. The improvement of meditation in the reac¬tion time is important, especially in auditory reaction time (ART). Therefore, a need techniques or courses can improve the reaction time. Hence, this study intended to show its utility as a short course for improving the auditory reaction time. Aim & Objectives: To find out effect of meditation on auditory reaction time in medical students by recording auditory reaction time before & after meditation for six months. Methods: The study was conducted on total 100 first MBBS students (boys & girls) of D.Y. Patil Medical College, Kolhapur. Students in the age group of 18-25 years were included by simple random sampling technique. The Auditory reaction time was assessed before and after the yoga ses¬sions. Results: There was a reduction in the alert response of auditory reaction time for both the ears. The decrease was statistical¬ly significant (P<0.0001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, a short course of meditation has a beneficial effect on the auditory reaction time. The regular practice of Meditation can be used as a tool to improve the health and well-being of an individual and enhances the reaction time.

The present study is the result of a quality study, done by the Transylvania University of Brasov, the target population concerned by the experimentation was composed of 454 students, from this population, a sample of 20 students, (females) they accepted the implementation in their daily activity of a certain individualized kinetic program aiming to optimize the physical condition. The condition was that these activities, along with the kinetic program, be practiced regularly on the duration of the course, to further prove their efficacy in optimizing the physical condition for the people with a sedentary behavior. The subjects involved have presented other associated medical conditions, and they were not selected based on age and sex, these not being considered as selection criteria. The sole selection criterion has been the existence of a sedentary behavior, meaning more than 8 hours per day while sitting down, without doing any ulterior physical activity. The present study analyzes, within 2 evaluations – initial and final – the body’s shape and structure (height, weight, thoracic perimeter, amplitude, adapting the organism to effort through the Ruffier test, the cardiac frequency and the adipose tissue.

An experiment was carried out in a net-house, Aligarh Muslim University Department of Botany. The six different treatments that were used in this study includes control, Salicylic acid, NaCl (50 mM), SA + 50 mM NaCl, 100 mM NaCl and SA + 100 mM NaCl. The resultant plants from salt-treated seeds of the present investigation indicated that seeds recorded lower values for all the growth attributing parameters. It was deep-rooted that 50 mM and 100 mM salt concentrations harm the growth, biochemical and yield parameters of fenugreek. Salt stress reduces plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll content, Nitrate reductase activity, number of pods and seed yield in fenugreek. The foliar application of Salicylic acid alleviates the negative effect of salinity. This effect was more pronounced in 50 mM salt stress than 100 mM.

Due to the gaps in the law and the weaknesses of the available ones individuals, hospitals and industries dump their waste anyhow and anyway in Cameroon, This uncultured behaviour leads to pollution of the air, water and land,. The ramification of this pollution is diseases on man animal and plants. This paper investigates why the law regulating in waste management is not enforced and the lacunae of the same. The paper does so through a reading of records mainly from documentary and internet search. The data does collected constitute the sources from which the law is drawn ,stated and analysed in the light of the stated aim of the paper. The results inter alia show that the law that regulates waste management are not well enforced. The said results also show the lacunae in the laws and equally high light the limitation of the available laws regulating waste management in Cameroon. The results are significant as they expose gaps in the current laws regulating waste management and conclude with suggestions on where the law should go.

Introduction: Smokeless Tobacco contains considerable nicotine much more than is contained in smoking tobacco. Smokeless Tobacco contains 28 carcinogenic agents, including nitrites and alkylating agents causing oral cancer. Ethanol is the principal ingredient of alcoholic beverages Acetaldehyde, a metabolite of ethanol play an important role in ethanol toxicity by cross linking the DNA and thus leading to DNA damage. Comet Assay was performed to assess DNA damage among users of Smokeless Tobacco and Alcohol. Method: Buccal epithelial cells were taken from 25 users of Smokeless Tobacco (Khaini) 25 users of Alcohol, 25 users of Khaini and Alcohol and 25 control subjects and Comet Assay was performed to assess possible DNA damage. Result: Highest increase in the comet tail length implicated DNA damage in users of Smokeless Tobacco and Alcohol, both as compared to the control subjects. Conclusion: This study demonstrated DNA damage among users of Alcohol, Smokeless Tobacco leading to the development of oral cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the leading cause of death in developing countries. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane protein with cytoplasmic kinase activity that transduces important growth factor signaling from the extracellular milieu to the cell. Materials and methods: This study includes all cases of primary lung squamous cell carcinomas presented in the Department of Pathology from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 in Sri Ramachandra Medical College. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue stained with H&E were used for routine morphology. Immunohistochemical staining was done using monoclonal anti EGFR antibody by Streptavidin biotin peroxidase complex technique. Positive cases were graded as 1+, 2+, 3+ based on staining intensity. Results: A total of 149 cases of carcinoma lung were retrieved. Of these 26 (20%) were SCC. Eighty eight percent of these were EGFR positive, of which 70% showed 3+ positivity, 11% showed 2+ positivity, 7% showed 1+ positivity. Conclusion: EGFR expression appears to be significant in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung which aid in treating these patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and may improve the outcome of these patients. We conclude that EGFR marker expression is mandatory not only in lung adenocarcinomas but also in Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

Ideal rehabilitation with the aid of dental implants is reliant on the presence of adequate bone volume and quality at the edentulous area. Various surgical techniques for bone grafting both in the form of natural and synthetic graft materials have been industrialized to enhance successful placement of dental implants in resorbed alveolar ridge. This review throws light on the numerous novel bone grafting techniques for dental implants.

In the current study, thermoplasmonic characteristics of Erbium nanoparticles with spherical, core–shell and rod shapes are investigated. In order to investigate these characteristics, interaction of synchrotron radiation emission as a function of the beam energy and Erbium nanoparticles were simulated using 3D finite element method. Firstly, absorption and extinction cross sections were calculated. Then, increases in temperature due to synchrotron radiation emission as a function of the beam energy absorption were calculated in Erbium nanoparticles by solving heat equation. The obtained results show that Erbium nanorods are more appropriate option for using in optothermal human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment method.

The placement of dental implants is becoming a routinely performed procedure in dental practice. Numerous techniques have been advocated to facilitate the placement of dental implants in a wide range of clinical scenarios. However, they are associated with their own share of patient related complications and discomfort. This article throws light on the various minimal invasive techniques available to facilitate implant placement with minimal complications and maximum patient acceptance.

Dietary habits are an important determinant of health. In vegetarian diet meat (including fowl) or seafood, or products containing those foods are not included. Current recommendations for all the nutrients can be fulfilled by the vegetarian diet. Sometimes to achieve proper amount of important nutrients, supplements or fortified foods can be added in the diet. Researchers reported that vegetarian diets are beneficial in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, renal disease and dementia, as well as diverticular disease, gallstones and rheumatoid arthritis. In this study we compared the haemoglobin level in vegetarian and non-vegetarian population from Rajkot city, Gujarat state. About 100 individuals of the age group of 16-50 years participated in the present study. Based on the dietary history, participants were divided into two groups as vegetarians and non-vegetarians. We conclude that in our study there is no significant difference in Haemoglobin concentration between two study groups. This shows that non-vegetarian diet does not have any beneficiary effect on haematological parameters in our study group.

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between capital structure and financial performance of firms listed in the Nigerian stock exchange between 2012 and 2017. Data were extracted from 40 companies out of 169 companies which are listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at 2018. Consequently, ordinary pooled least square was adopted to analyze the objective of study. The principal findings that originate from this study is that capital structure has a negative impact on return on equity and return on asset of the firm listed on the Nigerian stock exchange. In view of the above important findings that originated in this work, it is paramount that the following recommendations are made for the investors and the policy makers in Nigeria that debt capital is not a profitable means of financing investment projects in firms listed in the Nigerian stock exchange. However, all hands must be on deck by the Nigerian policy makers to embark on policy measure to reduce double digit interest rate in the financial sector in order to ensure self-liquidating debt capital in the listed firms in the Nigerian stock exchange.