Aim: The present study aimed to identify undergraduate student’s perceptions of endodontic treatment through a survey, which analyzed student profiles and their difficulties. Materials and methods: Fifty students who had experienced endodontic, laboratory or clinical procedures responded a survey based on their experiences, concerning their perceptions, experience and self confidence levels. Results: About 50.9% of the undergraduates noted having some trouble when taking periapical radiographs. About 67% of the undergraduates had problems identifying root canals. Whereas in case of intracanal medication and irrigation doesn’t pose any significant difficulty. Conclusion: This survey study helped to discover various loop-holes in the education agenda which, if changed correctly, would be of great help to both the quality of undergraduate’s performance and the time dentistry schools spend trying to deal with these issues.

This study aims to determine the validity of learning tools with peer tutoring models in improving student learning outcomes and Self Efficacy on Newton's Law material. The development model used is the ASSURE model, but only to stage 5 (Requires Learner Participation). Test the product in step 5 using Tessmer. The validation data subjects were 3 expert validators, while the practical data subjects were 2 partner teachers, and the effectiveness data subjects were grade VIII students of SMPN 10 Banjarbaru. The type of data collected is validity data. Validity data collection techniques are carried out through the validation of learning tools developed using the validation sheet instrument. Data analysis was performed using descriptive techniques. The results showed that, the developed learning tool has a very valid category. This result is supported by the opinions of 3 students in individual trial activities (one to one). Based on the results of development and research shows that the learning tools developed are valid, practical and effective.

Introduction: Over the last 15 years, maternal mortality has declined in most parts of the world. The maternal morbidity burden remains still high for which there is a need for greater awareness about the complications of childbirth. A better understanding helps in lessening the burden and helps in providing better services and to improve health of puerperal women. The aim of this study is to analyse various puerperal morbidities in women delivered at cheluvamba hospital, Mysuru. Method: This is a prospective descriptive observational study, done in cheluvamba hospital, attached to MMC&RI, Mysuru, and Karnataka which is a tertiary care center. The study was done for a period of 12 months duration from november 2016 to october 2017. Parameters studied were age, parity, various puerperal morbidities, mode of delivery, onset of morbidity, risk factors. Results: During the study period, total number of deliveries in Cheluvamba hospital were 11327. cesarean sections were 3136 and total vaginal deliveries were 8191 .out of 11327 women,161 (1.42%) women developed puerperal morbidities. the most common morbidity was wound infection and dehiscence seen in 46 (28.6%) women, followed by breast complications seen in 39(24.2%) women and puerperal pyrexia and respiratory tract infections in 20(12.4%) each. Conclusion: The most common puerperal morbidity is wound related complications. The study showed that there was considerable puerperal morbidity after caesarean section .These complications can be reduced by designing and implementing evidence based and cost effective management guidelines.

This study aims: (1) evaluating the validity of the learning tools developed seen from the validation test, (2) evaluating the practicality of the learning tools developed seen from the implementation of the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) during the learning process, (3) evaluating the effectiveness of the learning tools developed seen from tests of learning outcomes, critical thinking skills, science process skills, attitudes and skills of students. This study uses a Tessmer development research model consisting of 5 steps, namely: (1) self-evaluation; (2) expert opinions (expert review); (3) individual trials (one to one); (4) small group trials; and (5) field test. The trial design is guided by the formative evaluation flow design, which is to find out the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the developed device. Trial subjects at the individual trial stage consisted of 3 people, at the small group trial stage consisted of 5 people, a field test with 30 students with different levels of knowledge and all subjects were 7th Grade students. The results of the study concluded that: (1) Valid learning tools based on expert opinion include, syllabus, material analysis, teaching material, worksheets, student critical thinking skills assessment sheets, students' science process skills assessment sheets, teacher activity assessment sheets, and activity assessment sheets learners; (2) Learning tools are considered practical based on the activities of teachers and students who are very good from the implementation of lesson plans, self-assessment and students' responses are categorized as good; (3) Learning tools are considered effective based on learning outcomes that have exceeded the Minimum Mastery Criteria that have been set, the ability to think critically and the science process skills are increasing, and the attitudes and skills of students are categorized well.

This exploratory prospective study evaluated women's responses to questions that asked them to describe how their body image and sexual functioning had changed since their breast cancer diagnosis to treatment. A questionnaire concerning quality of life and various sexual problems experienced after diagnosis and treatment was anonymously completed by 200 women in the Department of Obstetric Gynecology of the University Hospital Center Hassan II of FEZ in MOROCCO. To be eligible, subjects had to be sexually active and had histology proven breast cancer. They also had to have received treatment for breast cancer. Breast cancer and its treatment may result in significant difficulties with sexual functioning and sexual life. Addressing these problems is essential to improve the quality of life of Moroccan women with breast cancer.

Difficulties in learning science especially in critical thinking skills are characterized by low mastery of concepts, misconceptions, and those related to contextual matters. Specifically developed learning set will be able to increase students' mastery of critical thinking skills. This research development aims to evaluate the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the development of science learning set to develop critical thinking skills of junior high school students. The research subjects were 7th grade students of Muhammadiyah 3 MTs Al-Furqan Banjarmasin. The validity data of the learning set was obtained through the assessment of 3 experts. Data on the practicality of learning set include evaluating the implementation of lesson plans and students' responses to the small group test. Data about the effectiveness of learning set include: 1) the results of students' critical thinking skills; 2) cognitive assessment results. Data was collected through tests and observations and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the science learning set developed were classified as valid based on the results of the validation, including the design of the learning set, format, material, language, presentation, supporting innovation and improving the quality of teaching and learning activities. Learning devices are also declared practical because they are easy to use by students. This is supported by: 1) The implementation of lesson plans in small group tests scores from the lowest 3.00 to the highest 4.00 in the practical to very practical categories; 2) Students give positive responses to the learning process. The effectiveness of science learning set has also been fulfilled, this is based on the findings of the study: 1) students' critical thinking skills in the field test are at least good categories; and 2) students' cognitive learning outcomes through field tests are in the good category (80 ≤ 100%).

Nursing documentation is a crucial part of the nursing process as it the essential way of communication within the health care team regarding patient care. Nurses’ knowledge about documentation is important as it a legal requirement and main responsibility of nursing staff. Objectives: To assess the nurse’s knowledge and recording system nursing documentation among staff nurses and to assess level of knowledge nursing documentation and recording systems of nursing care among staff nurses. Methodology: Quantitative approach with Descriptive design was used for the study. Convenience sampling technique was used to assess level of knowledge regarding system nursing documentation. Results: The study results show that the overall knowledge among 50 Staff nurses 12(24%) had moderately adequate knowledge, 31(62%) had adequate knowledge and only 07(14%) had inadequate knowledge regarding legal and ethical aspects among maternity staff nurses.

This research investigating the implementation of constructivist teaching techniques, challenges and opportunities of an English foreign language teacher in Beseka Secondary School, grade nine writing class in focus. The nature of the study can be descriptive study. The population of this study consisted the entire English foreign language teacher and grade nine student in regular programmes in all the tertiary institutions in Akaki Kality Sub city in Addis Ababa in the 2016/2017 academic session, which were 720 in number. The sample size for the study was 84, which is 10% of the entire population. The major research tool used to gather data was observation. The second tool is semi structured interviews for teachers. The third one was questionnaires administered to teachers and students who were selected randomly from grade nine students. After the data had been collected the responses to the questionnaire part and information obtained through observation and recordings were counted and tallied then, descriptive statistics were employed in analyzing the quantitative data while content analysis was applied in analyzing the qualitative data. The collected raw data was analyzed using mean score for quantitative method of data analysis and qualitatively interpretation to ensure the reliability and validity of the collected data. Findings revealed the challenges and opportunities of an English foreign language teacher in Beseka secondary school, grade nine writing class face and also indicated that these challenges negatively affect the academic performance of these students. Based on the findings, some recommendations were made which includes that students must have the behavior of cooperating, helping one another to draft or revise what they write and so on. Rather than total dependency on those whom they think are better than them. Also, teacher should show concern by informing students how and when assessments will be and make study materials/resources readily available so as to enable students prepare adequately for improved academic performance.

Background: Oral diseases are the most common chronic diseases having considerable impact on quality of life. Quality of life is the final goal in every child’s development. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of 12- 15 year old School going children of Moradabad City. Material and method: Study was conducted on 392, 12- 15 years old school going children in Moradabad city. The clinical examination was done by using WHO Oral Health Assessment Form for Children 2013. A child perception questionnaire by Jokovic et al was filled by the students and personal interview of parents was done to collect data regarding their oral health related quality of life. Result: Out of 392 subjects examined 207 (52.8%) were caries free whereas 185 (42.7%) subjects showed dental caries. Mean total DMFT was recorded as 1.14 ±1.70. Mean total CPQ score at was recorded as 26.87 ±16.12. Conclusion: Presence of dental caries was found to be associated with increased CPQ score presentation a positive impact on Quality of Life of children.

Learning Natural Sciences in Vocational Schools requires an assessment that emphasizes the scientific process and learning outcomes related to natural events around. But in reality until now science learning is still centered on the teacher and during learning more use textbooks and assessment only in the form of a written test at the end of the lesson. This results in low student performance skills and learning outcomes. One of the supporters who can practice the performance skills and student learning outcomes is a learning tool based on guided inquiry. This study aims to determine the appropriateness of guided inquiry-based science learning tools to practice vocational student performance skills. The device development is based on the Dick & Carey development research model so as to produce learning devices that are tested to the field test stage. The validity of the device is validated by experts, then in this observation also observes the activities of teachers and students, student responses, the influence of the use of learning tools, and student performance skills. The results showed that; (1) guided inquiry-based science learning tools are declared valid by experts, (2) teacher and student activities are categorized as good, (3) student responses show positive responses, (4) and there is an increase in student learning outcomes by 78.60% and Student performance skills improve with each meeting and have good criteria. Based on the results of a descriptive analysis of the learning tools developed it is said to be feasible and able to train performance skills.

Background: Minimal access surgery offers patients fewer postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay and better cosmetic results compared to conventional open gynaecological surgeries. Aim and Objectives: To determine the prevalence of gynaecological minimal access surgeries and to determine indications and complications associated with them at UDUTH, Sokoto, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a descriptive retrospective study of all gynaecological laparoscopies and hysteroscopies performed at the Usmanu Danfodiyo from 1st, January 2012 to 31st, December 2016. Result: There were 1,016 gynaecological surgeries over the period with 112 minimal access surgeries given a prevalence of 11.02%. Laparoscopy accounted for 87.1%% while, hysteroscopy was 12.9% of cases. Their ages ranged from 18 to 40 years with a mean of 28.44 ± 4.99 years, and a modal age of 25-34 years (66.6%). Laparoscopy accounted for 87.1% of the minimal access surgeries while hysteroscopy was 12.9%. Secondary Infertility (41.1%) is the most common indication for laparoscopy followed by primary infertility (28.9%) and amenorrhea (15.6%). Asherman’s syndrome (66.6%) is the commonest indication for hysteroscopy followed by secondary infertility (16. 6%).The most common complication was abdominal pain in 13.0% while, the least was uterine perforation in 0.9% among them. Conclusion: Minimal access surgery is a safe, feasible, and less invasive modality for evaluation and treatment of gynaecological pathologies. It has better cosmesis, less complications, and lower cost implication. Therefore, the need for training, retraining and provision of necessary facilities in Nigeria.

Ovarian surface epithelial tumors with choriocarcinomatous differentiation are vary rare. We report a case of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary with choriocarcinomatous differentiation in a 54-year-old female who got admitted for evaluation of a large pelvic mass. Clinically, mass arising from right adnexa/ soft tissue/ appendix was suspected which on radiologically showed a solid and cystic mass arising from right adnexa. The mass was excised in toto and sent for histopathological examination. Grossly, we received a salphingo-opherectomy specimen measuring 13x11x8 cm. External surface was smooth with congested blood vessels. Cut surface revealed solid (40%) and cystic (60%) areas and reddish brown fluid was extruded. Friable and hemorrhagic areas were noted grossly. Microscopy revealed sheets of clear cells the lesion was composed of round to oval cells with ill defined cell border, moderate eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm and bland nuclei. A panel of Immunohistochemical markers were performed and the lesional cells were positive for Pax 8 and beta HCG .With H&E morphology and Immunohistochemical staining pattern a diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary with choriocarcinomatous differentiation was rendered.

The imaginative writer always aims at presenting a story to the audience (readers) that is not only interesting but appears to be true so as to keep them in love with his work. The literary creative writer skillfully mixes his imagination with the material obtained from the society to produce a piece that is a reflection of the realities of his environment. This paper therefore, examines Trevor Rhone’s Smile Orange from a realist perspective. The paper reveals that the themes and literary techniques the author has adopted deepen our knowledge of the Caribbean Islands, particularly Jamaica whose socio-economic realities are sampled by the author. Through realism, as a literary theory, racism and sexuality among other thematic preoccupations and literary techniques like satire and the use of a creolised English, this paper appreciates Smile Orange as a piece that brings us face to face with the real experiences of the Caribbean. The history of the Caribbean has been captured in the paper to give the reader an insight into what the literature of the people may contain if it is realistic. The author is able to give us another dimension of the economic and social problems of Jamaica using the tourist industry as an example. By presenting those issues without making any revolutionary move makes the playwright a critical realist.

A stroke stroke is extremely rare during pregnancy. Called PRA, the prognosis is potentially serious, the mechanism of occurrence and causes are still uncertain. Neurologic manifestations in a gestational setting associated with other risk factors may be life-threatening for the mother and fetus by further complicating the choice of treatment. We report the observation of a young woman pregnant with 26SA + 4jrs in anemia led to the diagnosis of a cerebral infarction.

The most remarkable demographic features in Islamic societies are the high level of fertility and high unmet demand of contraception. Reproductive health is a matter of discussion among the Islamic countries for the last 40-50 years. Family planning (FP) is a subject of controversy over the Muslim world. Contraceptive prevalence rate among Muslim countries are relatively low compared to rest of the world. Muslims fear that the FP methods are Western intended programme to control the Muslim population .They also fear that the contraceptive methods could be a form of infanticide. This article critically analyse the truth and myths about family planning methods in the Islamic perspective. There is not a single text in the Quran to prohibit the use of contraceptive methods. In fact Islam endorses and encourages the practice of spacing the.