The sharp rise in price of diagnosis and treatment today indicates the need for a change in health care strategy. The existing health care strategy leads to its bankruptcy amid a steady increase in morbidity. We suggest to develop an alternative strategy based on a pure natural approach, namely, the thermodynamics conception of health. A living organism can be considered as a system of open thermodynamics, the stability of which depends on its energy potential. In this case, when an individual leaves the aerobic energy potential of the biosystem (12 MET for men and 10 MET for women), the entropy due to evolution increases with the subsequent development of pathology. By the alternative of existent strategy of healthcare as a fight against pathology there is counteraction of entropy. An organizational form of counteraction of entropy is measures aimed at the maintenance of aerobic energy potential of the bio system within bounds of “safe” zone of health.

Background: Wound healing is the process of repair that follows injury to the skin and other soft tissues. It is a natural restorative response to tissues injury. In the primitive years a lot of substances were considered to be medicinal and were used to enhance wound size contraction and closure. Similarly, the Iwere people of Delta State, Nigeria are known for using Achantina fulica species shell for wound healing although there is no known empirical study showing its ability to enhance wound contraction. Thus, this study was aimed at assessing the wound healing effect of powdered snail shell of Achantina fulica species on the wound sizes of rat. Materials and Methods: Eight wistar rats were used and grouped into experimental and control groups. Paravertebral round wound of 2cm were made on the skin of each rat under light chloroform anesthesia. The wounds were treated with powdered snail shell and 0.9% normal saline for the experimental and control group respectively. Wound sizes were measured everyday using a meter rule before redressing. Results and Discussions: Day 1, 2, 3, showed percentage reduction of 100%, 99% 92. 5% for those of the experimental group while 99%, 94% and 90% for those of the control group. On day 4, the percentage reduction was 72% for the experimental while 86% for the control group. This was the first outstanding wound size reduction observed in rats dressed with powdered snail shell. The wound size reduction continued from day 5- 12 with a percentage reduction of 61.5%, 50%, 40%, 34%, 26.5%, 24%, 15%, 9% for the experimental group while that of the control group was 86%, 76.5%, 65%, 63.7% 57.5%, 55%, 5 1.5%, 47.5%, 42.5%. Conclusion: The wounds treated with powered snail shell by day 13 was completely healed while those on 0.9% normal saline took 21 days to heal. It suggests that the powdered Achantina fulica shell promoted the wound size contraction which further led to a rapid healing and wound closure earlier than the control in the study. It could be inferred that this Achantina fulica shell powder could be refined and used as an alternative substance for wound healing.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of the incubation temperature of papuyu fish eggs (Anabas testudinius Bloch 1792) to obtain the ratio of female fish seeds. This research was conducted for 3 months starting from March 2019 until May 2019, at the Wet Laboratory of Lambung Mangkurat University, South Kalimantan Province. Fertilized Climbing Perch eggs are incubated at 20oC, 22oC, 24oC, and 26oC at 12 incubators (small box) with a stocking density of 25 eggs during incubation are observed and calculated the hatchability of eggs after the larvae hatch then cooling down the incubator is stopped. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, so that it will produce 12 experimental units. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) hatchability ranging from 90.67 to 100% had no significant effect. This study shows that the incubation temperature of papuyu fish eggs gives an effect on the female genital ratio of papuyu with the highest sex ratio in treatment C (24oC) of 100% and the lowest in treatment D (26oC) of 65.61% .The DMRT test results show that the sex ratio treatment C with D was significantly different also treatment A with D was different while other treatments were not significantly different.

Background: A positive behavior as well as attitude of the dental students can be improvised during their undergraduate studies and thereby it is considered as an essential factor as they can further promote the oral self-care habits of their patients and hence the society in general. Objectives: The primary objective of the present study is to relate the oral health knowledge, attitude, as well as practice with the periodontal status of the undergrad¬uate dental students. Materials and Methods: The data were collected through a combination of clinical examination and self-reported questionnaire. The estimated sample size was 234. The probing depths as well as the clinical attachment loss were measured in the interproximal sites, while the gingival index was calculated on the basis of Ramfjord index teeth. Classification by the CDC and the American Academy of Periodontology was used for periodontal diagnosis. The subjects were divided into three groups. Results: The dental students participated in study were 299. Moreover, significant differences were found among the three groups in their oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice scores. The gingival disease was detected in around 99.3-99.9% and periodontitis in about 60% of the dental students irrespective of its severity. Hence a positive correlation has been established between the oral health knowledge and attitude as well as oral hygiene prac¬tice. Conclusions: Present study highlighted need in order to improve the oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental students. The gingival as well as the periodontal inflammation was highly prevalent among the participants.

To prove the importance of DNA barcode one of the major point is that the genetic data is an important factor to improve the biodiversity conservation strategies and in fact at the different level of analysis in conservation biology many molecular tools. The aim of this review article is to access the role of DNA barcoding in biodiversity conservation in For the fine scale management of plant species, coral reefs, identification of cryptic and invasive species and regional management of fisheries in the field conservation biology molecular tools offer a great help. DNA barcoding had contribution in the conservation policy in such a way is that it came forward with the success of conservation action and other one is that it provide useful information about phylogenetic diversity and also about evolutionary history.

The extraction technology of total flavonoid from dandelion was optimized by single factor screening and orthogonal test. The method of solvent extraction was used, and ethyl acetate was used as solvent, solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time were invested to study the effects of the extraction. On the basis of single factor, three-factor and three-level orthogonal test were carried out to optimize the extraction process of flavonoid from dandelion. The results showed that the factors of the extraction effect of flavonoid were influenced by the time of extraction, the ratio of material to liquid, and the temperature of extraction in turn, it was found that the time of extraction had the most significant effect on the extraction of flavonoid from dandelion. The results showed that the optimal conditions of extraction were as following: the ratio of solid-liquid was 1:70, the temperature of extraction was at 70 ℃, and the time of extraction was 1.5 h. Flavonoid was extracted from dandelion at the best conditions, flavonoid was obtained, and the content of flavonoid was 7.18%. The process is simple, reproducible, economical and feasible.

Background: Students’ satisfaction reflects what they expect from their educational institution Until the 1980s, feedback from students about their experience in higher education was an uncommon practice. Student life is a network of academic and social interactions connected. Many colleges have comprehensive processes for achieving excellence or meeting high-quality standards, with "Student Satisfaction" at the heart of all higher education targets for excellence. Student's satisfaction reflects what they expect from their educational institution. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population includes nine graduates of the MD pathology program who specialized in histopathology. The data was gathered through a structured questionnaire. Self-administered, closed-ended, unipolar 5-grade Likert scale has been developed and validated to assess the level of satisfaction of histopathology graduates in 14 areas of the training program. Results: High satisfaction: Overall, the trainees expressed significant satisfaction with numerous training areas are entry exam (90%), surgical pathology knowledge (80%), surgical pathology skills (80%), routine work (90%), textbooks (100%), teaching slides (80%), local training courses (80%), peer learning (100%), weekly sessions (100%), hand over (90%). Conclusion: The students and trainees overall have a high level of satisfaction with postgraduate training in histopathology. This study can serve as a preliminary guide for potential reform of the histopathology training. Reform will lead to better training and better service.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is found in 6-10% of the general population and considered to be a common hormonal disorder in females of reproductive age. It is associated with multiple factors genetic and environmental and has varied morphological and metabolic presentations. Even though insulin resistance is seen in these patients, some are obese while some PCOS patients are lean. This implies a difference in the metabolic characteristics of these patients. Thus, this study was carried out to study the metabolic characteristics and the Insulin resistance.

Etiological agents causing infection in the nails vary with gender, age, occupation, A total number of 51 patients having clinically diagnosed Onychomycosis were selected, Direct microscopy of nail specimen in 40% KOH, culture on SDA, DTM was done. out of 51 patients, 17 were between 20-30 years of age (33.33%),out of 51 patients 33 were males and 18 were females, 27 patients (52.94%) had DLSO pattern, Of the 32 positive cultures, Dermatophytes were isolated in 10 (23.80%) and Non-Dermatophytes in 15 (29.41%). Non-Dermatophyte fungi are being isolated more frequently from nail infections.

The knowledge of orthodontic appliances used for correction of skeletal and dental deformities is essential for the success of orthodontic treatment. The simplest problems during the treatment phase can lead to complicated situation and solving that requires proper and thorough knowledge of its working capacity and biomechanics. The following is a case which was treated with an Orthopedic appliance (FORSUS) which lead to an unforsaken situation and treating that to achieve ideal skeletal and dental stability.

Il est une évidence opportune aujourd'hui de clamer la nécessité d'aborder la consolidation et l'enrichissement des dispositions encadrant la pratique "normale" du commerce en République Démocratique du Congo avant d'envisager les prétentions d'harmonisation et d'adaptation aux nouvelles technologies. Il ressort de l'irruption de l'internet, une réalité de développement sans précédent des transactions modifiant considérablement la perspective traditionnelle du commerce classique en le plongeant dans un mode électronique inhabituel, virtuel et ouvert. Internet ouvert à tous les coins et recoins du monde se retrouve soumis aux lois quels qu'en soient l'ordre juridique. De ce fait, nous conviendrons qu'internet n'est pas à l'ombre du droit d'autant plus qu'il est soumis à une pléthore des règles juridiques parfois distinctes mais, qui de concert avec certaines conventions sont promptes à circonscrire l'univers virtuel qu'il incarne. D’où il s'avère impérieux que les Etats du monde s'avisent à harmoniser leurs législations respectives pour une meilleure règlementation du cyberespace.

Background: For choosing a specialty subject for post graduate studies, students’ attitude is of great importance for the education system. Aim & Objectives: In order to evaluate the perception and attitude of dental students toward learning, contributing in the treatment, choosing endodontics as a specialty for post-graduate studies. Materials and Methods: The present article is about a semi structured questionnaire study survey in which 10 multiple-choice questions was compiled and distributed among 403 undergCase Reportraduate dental clinical students. The main domains appraised in the questionnaire were preclinical as well as clinical training in the endodontics, their interest and opinion in endodontics as a post-graduate specialty. The statistical analysis was done by one sample chi-square test in order to see the association of subject response toward the endodontics as a specialty response to each question. Results: Response rate was 74.5% and the results showed that 72% of students preferred the preclinical training on extracted human teeth while 71% of the students believed that the intense preclinical training will help them to manage the patients confidently. Conclusion: The prime conclusion of the present study revealed that the majority of students find endodontics as an interesting subject to study and also they would opt for endodontics for post graduation.

The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence and examine the influence of organizational culture, transparency and weaknesses of the internal control system on the quality of financial reporting on Local Government Units in Capital Province of Jakarta. This research was conducted using quantitative survey methods with causality research design. The data used as research sourced from questionnaires. The population in this study is the Local Government Units in Capital Province of Jakarta. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Questionnaires were distributed to 36 local government units. Each Unit is given 2 (two) questionnaires for the financial department. Analysis and processing of data using the help of the statistical computer program SmartPLS v.3.2.8. The results obtained from the test show: (1) organizational culture significantly influence financial reporting quality, (2) transparency do not significantly influence financial reporting quality, (3) internal control system weakness significantly influence financial reporting quality.

Objective: Develop a valid and reliable scale to assess the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors related to eating foods associated with the periodontal disease among low-income women in Texas. Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was conducted with 150 low-income women ages 18-50 years, residing in Central Texas. A 21-item Dental Nutrition Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors Scale was developed. Content validity was assessed by a panel of experts. Construct validity was determined via Exploratory Factor Analysis; internal consistency of the scale was measured by Cronbach’s alpha. Results: The internal consistency for the final scale was 0.802, and the test-retest reliability was 0.99. Factor analysis generated three factors: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors, with an explained variance of 42.38. Conclusions: These results confirmed the validity and reliability of the new dental scale. This instrument may aid in the assessment of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors regarding eating foods associated with periodontal disease in low-income women.

The cable insulation and sheathing industry uses many different types of plastics depending on usage, application. Physical and electrical properties are one of the most important factors that compete and help to choose these materials when compared with other materials. These properties change with the change of the chemical components of the plastics mixture. The use of PVC material in the manufacture of cable wire coating has been used for decades. In this study, the effect of changing the proportions of the used components in the PVC mixture of the physical and electrical properties of cable wiring materials was investigated. Emphasis was placed on three properties: Tensile Strength and Loss of Mass and Insulation Resistance. In this study author discussed how to enhance these properties and improve them by working to raise the proportions of some of the substances in the PVC mixture while preserving other properties. The study aimed to prove the strong relationship between some components of PVC mixture used in cable insulation and sheathing industry and the physical and electrical properties of these products, and then focus on three components in the mixture and three properties. Random samples were taken and the mean percentages of the ingredients in the mixes were taken using various tools and several statistical methods such as correlation coefficient and regression analysis to prove the relationship between the ratios of some materials and the properties. After the analysis, the p-value was less than 0.05, which reinforces the relationship between the ratio and the properties. Finally, the physical and electrical properties of PVC blends can be improved by changing component ratios to reach the optimized mixture for specific use and application, taking into account other competitive issues such as the final price of the product, environmental impact, and others issues.