Ritonavir is an antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. It is used against HIV infections as a fixed–dose combination with another protease inhibitor, ritonavir (lopinavir/ritonavir). In the current research, the stimulated Raman biospectroscopy of liquid sample of Ritonavir was investigated. The stimulated Raman diffractions emitted through focusing the second harmonic laser beam Nd:YAG into the sample were recorded by Echelle spectrometer and ICCD detector. Increasing the energy of laser beam from 2.6 (mJ) to 16 (mJ) was led to increase in stimulated Raman signal but after breakdown threshold of liquid sample, more increasing of energy was led to decrease in stimulate Raman signals and for energies higher than 20 (mJ), they were disappeared.

Achievement goal setting and self-efficacy are two critical variables influencing learning achievements. Many scholars have studied the relationship between two variables by correlation analysis, regression analysis or path analysis. These methods, however, neglect the measurement error at all, which are inconsistent with the reality. Through a questionnaire survey among 266 first-year academic engineering graduate students, this study aims to clarify the relations among achievement goal setting, self-efficacy (SE) and English learning achievement (ELA) of engineering graduate students. Integrating the advantages of conventional statistical methods, Structural Equation Model (SEM) not only takes the measurement error into consideration, but also could study the structures of constructs and the relations among them at same time. The result shows that: 1)Achievement approach goal has a direct positive influence on English learning achievement, mastery approach goal and performance avoidance goal having direct negative influence, and mastery avoidance goal hasn’t obvious influence on English learning achievement; 2) Mastery approach goal has the best impact on self-efficacy, while performance avoidance goal has the worst impact on self-efficacy; 3) Self-efficacy, a mediating variable between achievement goal setting and English learning achievement, could improve English learning achievement efficiently.

Streptococcus iniae is a gram-positive, sphere-shape and pathogenic bacterium that usually causes infections in fishes as well as human. Glutamate racemase is a key enzyme that is involve in synthesis of peptidoglycan layer of bacteria cell wall. Biochemical properties and nature of this enzyme are highly specific and varies among pathogenic species. The unique features structural, molecular and biochemical properties associated with MurI gene as well as functional properties of glutamate racemase in the pathogenicity of S.iniae remain unclear. The purpose of this review paper focusing on the methods that used for the evaluation of biochemical properties of glutamate racemase for functioning in bacterial cell wall focusing on MurI Gene in S.iniae as well knockout of MurI gene in S.iniae also the discussing the methods used for the determination for the biochemical properties associated with pathogenicity at molecular level. Specific primers are used for the gene knockout plasmid construction region for MurI gene of bacterial strain such as S.iniae. These are further amplified by the PCR. DNA sequencing is use to clone the DNA fragments. The LB medium is the medium especially use for the S.iniae wild type (WT) and ΔMurI mutant cultures. Bioscreen machine is use to measure the optical density. The special type of the microscope such as fluorescence microscope is uses for the bacterial viability. TSYE agar plates are used for the measurement of the live bacteria in the form of percentage by plating on. SDS-PAGE is uses to check the purity of expressed proteins determined by the SDS-PAGE. This review helpful for drug discovery and development of new antibiotics by utilizing the MurI gene as a target against S.iniae.

In Sudan, invasive Cervical cancer is the one of the most common causes of death. The Herpes simplex virus ( HSV-2) is second common causes of the invasive cervical cancer , with fraction progress to cervical cancer disease pointing to possible the role of additional risk factors in development of disease which include: host genetic factor and other infection such as HPV-16, for that women should have regular cervical screening test to detect early cervical cancer. Materials & Methods: This is a retrospective cross sectional study that includes about 75 embedded paraffine wax tissue blocks using immune histochemical stain from patients previously diagnosed as cervical cancer and expression of herpes simplex virus. Details of the patients information taken from medical reports .The analysis done by SPSS. Result: The mean age in this study is 60 with group range between (61-70) years (83.3 %), The Herpes Simplex virus is express only in squamous cell carcinoma. Discussion: The mean age is 60 with age group (61-70) (n= 5: 20%) expression of HSV-2 with (P= 0.136), and the expression of HSV-2 with squamous cell carcinoma of tumor type (n= 6:10.90%) with (P= 0.476), histological grade well differentiated (n=6:11.10%) with (P= 0.477). Conclusion: The expression of HSV-2 was insignificant in age group. The expression of HSV-2 was insignificant in tumor type squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of HSV-2 was insignificant in histological grade.

The recent outbreak of an unusual viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China, and then a pandemic has created a panic world over. Genetic and Phylogenetic studies revealed that the causative virus is SARC-CoV-2 and the disease it caused is given the name COVID-19. It (Coronavirus) is a member of the family Coronaviridae and subfamily Coronavirinae and belongs to the order Nidovirales. The Coronavirus Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses termed the virus as SARS-CoV-2. The virus enters into the cell through ACE2 receptors. It is important to understand the basics of genetic and Phylogenetic properties of the virus. This knowledge will ultimately help in the development of vaccines and drug treatment. In this article, an effort is made to explain the basics of coronavirus and its transmission, to the host cell.

This research to examine The Influence of Government Transparency, Implementation of the government accounting standards and Internal Control System on Quality of financial statements. Population in this research is all villages in the government of Kabupaten Bandung government environment. The number of sample the respondent on this is as many as 73 of village staff and using a technique the withdrawal of sample by means of clusters of random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire which used interval scale. Distribution and collection of questionnaires was carried out in November 2019 and the number of questionnaires returned was 70 questionnaires or 96%. The results of testing showed transparency the government did not influenced the quality of the financial statements in the village administration Bandung regency, while the implementation of the government accounting standards and internal control system influenced the quality of the financial statements in the village administration Bandung regency.

This research has an aim to examine the role of Sport Tourism through the program of Banyuwangi festival (B-Fest) and the impact of local content and deciding sustainable strategy of Sport Tourism Development. This research uses descriptive associative research method with qualitative and quantitative approach. Data Collection method done by observation, direct interview, questionnaire and collect the data from related instance. The result of this analysis shows that (1) Banyuwangi Festival Program (B-fest) successfully increase the number of visitor in Kawah Ijen and Pulau Merah within total contribution of 75,9% (2) the effect of sport tourism toward the change of local community in Kawah Ijen, on economic aspect contribute 100%. On social aspect contribute 11,6%. Environmental aspect, edelweiss flower no longer to be seen, Javan lutung and deer are rarely to be seen. Social Aspect contribute 2,6% toward people prosperity, 0,2% toward local satisfaction, 12,7% toward people participation. (3) Development strategy on sustainable sport tourism using the model of Sport tourism Participation and oriented to tourism characteristic.

Better performance of infrastructure development depends on the several factors whereas job satisfaction seems one of the key factors. Large Number of Engineers was de-motivated to accept the staff adjustment policy. This study focuses to find the job satisfaction of civil Engineers in Gandaki Provincial Government. Data were collected through structured questionnaires. Questionnaires were distributed into 134 Engineers. The responses from 103 (76.87%) respondents were documented. The study adopted descriptive and interferential statistics analytical using Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) and MS- Excel. The correlation coefficient varied between 0.292 (pay/salary) to 0.612 (Work Group). The result shows that there was significant relationship between work group and job satisfaction (r=0.612, p<0.01).There was no significant difference in level of satisfaction based on demographic factors like gender, academic qualification, Age Groups, Civil engineering sub sectors, designation level and time span for total years of experience. ANOVA test was carried out to test null and alternate hypothesis P value for each variable was recorded greater than 0.05. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted considering job satisfactions as dependent variable, R square was recorded as of 0.582 indicates that the independent variables (predictors) such Supervisors (Bosses), Work Group, Working Conditions, Promotion Opportunities, Pay / Salary, Transfer and Posting factors used in this model explained about 58.2% of the total variation in dependent variable job satisfaction of employees under study.

As we know that large population in the world are living in regions of seismic hazards, at risk from earthquakes of varying severity and frequency of occurrence. The significant loss of life and damage of property occurs every year due to earthquake. Here the one of the best solution to mitigate the effect of earthquake on building is base isolation technique. The main mechanism of seismic isolation is to decouple the structure from base by providing seismic isolators. The Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) is mounted beneath the superstructure in base isolation system. The significant of base isolation device is to minimize the horizontal acceleration transmitted to the superstructure. It is very promising technology to protect different structures from seismic excitation. In this research, GF+4 storied regular, plan irregular (re-entrant corners) and vertical irregular (vertical geometric irregularity) building models were considered for both fixed base and base isolation in SAP. Response spectrum method analysis under IS1893:2002 was conducted in analysis software for the result of seismic performance parameters. The output results of seismic parameters were interpreted and compared. The SAP analysis results were compared and validated by ETABS software. Lead rubber bearings were designed as UBC 97 and used for base isolation. The research concluded that, Plan and vertical irregular LRB building found more seismically performed than regular LRB building however vertical irregular LRB building showed better performance as comparison to plan irregular LRB building.

Ritonavir is an antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. It is used against HIV infections as a fixed–dose combination with another protease inhibitor, ritonavir (lopinavir/ritonavir). In the current research, the stimulated FT–Raman biospectroscopy of liquid sample of Ritonavir was investigated. The stimulated FT–Raman diffractions emitted through focusing the second harmonic laser beam Nd:YAG into the sample were recorded by Echelle spectrometer and ICCD detector. Increasing the energy of laser beam from 2.6 (mJ) to 16 (mJ) was led to increase in stimulated FT–Raman signal but after breakdown threshold of liquid sample, more increasing of energy was led to decrease in stimulate FT–Raman signals and for energies higher than 20 (mJ), they were disappeared.

Vertebral arteries are usually paired major arteries of the neck. Typically, they originate from the subclavian arteries coursing superiorly along each side of neck, merging within the skull to form basilar arteries. Different variant anatomy including assymetry, complete or partial duplication, fenestration and variable origin have been explained in the literature. We have a case report of 54 year old gentle man who presented with acute headache and vomitting in our institute. CT angiogram revealed left posterior cerebral artery aneurysm causing subarachnoid hemorrhage. DSA further revealed bilateral vertebral arteries arising from the common carotid artery and left PCA aneurysm.

This research aims to analyse the implementation of the Kaili regional language preservation and development policy in Palu City. The policy implementation model uses theories from Van Metter and Van Horn, which affect the performance of public policy implementation consisting of six aspects, namely: (1) Policy objectives (2) Resources (3) Characteristics of implementing agencies (4) Communication between organizations (5) Socio-economic and political environment, (6) Disposition (Implementing attitude). The results of the study show that the implementation of regional language preservation and development programs in the city of Palu issued a number of regulations, namely in the primary school level curriculum the existence of subjects using language regions, naming street names with BDK and broadcasting tv shows using local languages, the proper implementation of a program is the result of commitment and understanding of the implementers of existing regulations / policies and being able to make local policies to strengthen the implementation of conservation and development of regional languages in the city of Palu.

Commercial organizations in Bangladesh are experiencing rivalry among them because of economic struggle globally and attempting to remain competitive in these changeable economic surroundings. This paper intends to analyze the impact of dividend policy on the market price of stock in Bangladesh. The numbers of statistic community are 330 companies in Dhaka Stock Exchange. All 10 companies belong to the Food & Allied, Ceramics and Cement industry listed at DSE index are included as the sample for a phase from 2008 to 2017. In this paper, Fixed Effect Model along with Random Effect Model has been used to estimate outcomes. Both Models are exercised on panel data for explaining the association between dividend payments and share prices after adjusting several variables including Earnings per Share, logarithm value of Profit after Tax, Growth of Asset and Dividend Payout Ratio. The study also checked both the Models and found Random Effect Model is more significant than Fixed Effect Model. Afterward, this paper applied the multicollinearity test to determine is there any correlation among the variables and found no multicollinearity. This paper found a weak form market exists in Bangladesh and investors choose stock dividend more than the cash dividend.

The restoration of lost smile is one of the gratifying things a dentist can render to the society and it plays a significant role in achieving confidence. Just as there are no two smiles alike, there are no two smile makeovers alike. Each smile makeover plan contains a precise combination of treatments designed to address the unique needs and goals of the individual patient. An experienced, skilled dentist will be able to identify the precise approach to be adapted pertaining to the clinical situation which will yield the most stunning results possible. In some cases, that may mean performing just a couple of treatments to produce subtle refinements to a smile. In others, a more comprehensive approach may be necessary. It all depends on the patient needs and the clinical situation. This case report enlightens about an aesthetic rehabhilitation through an interdisciplinary approach.

Febrile convulsion (FC) is one of the most common problems of children under five years of age. This fear provoking condition creates anxiety among parents particularly in mothers which may lead to mismanagement. The study aims to determine the impact of educational interventions on maternal knowledge, attitude & practices regarding febrile convulsions before and after intervention. Study Design was Quasi-experimental (pre-posttest) and Setting was department of pediatrics, Jinnah hospital & Children hospital Lahore. Methodology: 100 mothers having children with febrile convulsions were selected by using purposive sampling technique for the period May to October, 2019. On the first day pretest was conducted in which knowledge, attitude and practices on febrile convulsions was assessed. After pretest they were intervened with 01 week educational sessions, each session was of 01 hour. Posttest was conducted after 01 week. Data was collected by using a validated and reliable questionnaire before and after intervention. Analysis was done through statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 20.0.Result: mean, ± SD were given for quantitative variable while frequencies, percentages were given for qualitative variables. T-test was applied to compare pre & post effect of educational intervention on maternal knowledge, attitude & practices of FC. P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. The post-test results revealed a significant increase in mother's knowledge (P = < 0.002), attitude (P = <0.01) and practice (P =< 0.04) of febrile convulsion. This study suggested that educational interventions worked efficiently in improving mother's knowledge, attitude and practice of FC.