Background: Papulo-squamous lesions of skin include a heterogeneous group of disorders, often showing overlap in morphology and distribution of lesions, leading to difficulty in diagnosis. Distinct histopathological features and clinical correlation provides a definite diagnosis in these lesions. Aim/Objectives: To evaluate the spectrum of non-infectious erythematous papulo-squamous skin lesions from North West India. Material and Methods: This retrospective diagnostic analytical study was carried out in the Department of Pathology in a tertiary care centre in North-West India. Skin punch biopsies of clinically diagnosed non-infectious, erythematous papulo-squamous skin disorders were included. Diagnosis was confirmed on histopathological examination. Clinical & histopathological diagnosis of each patient was prepared & correlation performed. Results: Majority of patients were seen in 4th decade with a male predominance. Lichen Planus was the commonest histopathological lesion (42.9%) followed by psoriasis (22.9%). 5 cases of seborrheic dermatitis, 3 cases of pityriasis rosea and 2 cases each of prurigo nodularis and lichen planus pigmentosus were also seen. Clinico-histopathological concordance was observed in 77.1 % cases. Conclusions: Lichen Planus was the commonest papulo-squamous lesion observed in our study. Key histopathological findings and clinico-pathological correlation provides a conclusive diagnosis. Specific histomorphological diagnosis is paramount in distinguishing these lesions as the treatment and prognosis varies widely.

The latest threat to global health is the ongoing outbreak of the respiratory disease that was recently given the name Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 was recognized in December 2019, caused by a novel coronavirus which is structurally related to the virus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). As in two preceding instances of emergence of coronavirus disease in the past 18 years - SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), the COVID-19 outbreak has posed critical challenges for the public health, research, and medical communities. The goal of an infection control program is to provide a safe working environment for dental health care personnel and their patients. It is crucial for all dental practitioners to be up to date on current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other important guidelines, equipments, and techniques for proper infection control. Continuous evaluation of infection control practices is important, this ensures the patients and enables the dental healthcare providers confidence that oral health care can be delivered and received in a safe and effective manner.

Housing is constitutional right and human basic need. So, the objective of the paper to assess the status of housing need fulfilment for low income marginalized group. Questionnaire survey and interview were conducted with the selected, non selected construction completed and construction not started yet applicants of Program of the study area to assess the current housing scenario and their perception about the fulfilment of the housing need. Likewise the questionnaire survey and interview were carried out with planners, implementers and concerned organisations to find out the most important factors influencing the housing need of the low income groups (dalits and poor musalmans). Over 65% of the people of the low income groups (dalits and poor musalmans) in the study area were found very poor housing condition and uneducated. The improvement in the education level brings awareness, better employment opportunity and consequently improves their economic status and housing condition. The major factors of housing need are as: Neighborhood and community attachment, Place of living currently, Geographical location, Easy access to the family’s occupation, Family’s income respectively to importance.

The septate uterus is the most common uterine malformation, accounting for 30 to 50% of cases, followed by uterine malformations such as bicornuate uterus and unicornuate uterus. We report a case of a total septate uterus suspected during the obstetric examination of a patient in labor 37 weeks of amenorrhea and during an obstetric ultrasound of the term. The interest of this case is to show the obstetrical prognosis in fertile women with this uterine malformation.

This study aims to determine how the role of human development cadres (KPM) in handling stunting and community empowerment strategies in handling stunting in Malutu Village. The method used in this research is a combination research that combines quantitative methods and qualitative methods to be used together in a research activity, so that more comprehensive, valid, reliable and objective data are obtained. Data were collected by interview, area mapping and documentation. Interviews were conducted with key figures, namely the Head of Malutu Village, Posyandu Cadres, Human Development Cadres and Village Empowerment Assistants. The results showed that the problems faced by Human Development Cadres in handling stunting in Malutu Village were that the function of cadres was not optimal, the capacity building given their time was still limited so that field supplies were not sufficient and there was no further training and lack of public awareness about the dangers of stunting. The strategy in community empowerment programs in an effort to deal with stunting in Malutu Village is the strategy of SO or strength and opportunity. SO strategy is a strategy that is determined to get optimal effort. After knowing and taking advantage of the strengths, we can take full advantage of the opportunities that exist. Community empowerment strategies that can be carried out are using the available budget for optimal stunting management, increasing the capacity of human resources through support from the Hulu Sungai Selatan District Government and establishing communication between actors and making joint work plans in handling stunting.

Construction in developing countries is still influenced by the labour force. Overall objective of the study is to analyse the challenges for improvisation on labour management system through work efficiency. Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) office, Department of Food Technology and Quality Control (DFTQC) office building and Dhobi Khola Bridge along Arniko highway- at bijulibazar were selected for the study. Schedule questionnaire survey with labours, interview with agents or labour supplier clients, contractor and their project manager were conducted at each selected site for primary data collection. Attendance records, minute of meetings of all three site as well different journal were analysed and reviewed for collecting secondary data. Fluctuation in availability of labor were found mainly in months of January, June, September, October due to festivals and agricultural purposes as very few of labors were specific labor for the industry. Pilling works were mostly done by the labor from India. Labors form Bardia, Kailali, Kanchanpur, Dhading were expertise for concrete work. Similarly labors from Dolkha, Sindupalchowk, Saptari, Dhading were engaged in from work. Rebar works were found to be performed by the labors from Saptari, Siraha, Udayapur, Sunsari where as labors from Dhading, Sindhupalchowk, India were engaged for brick work. Labors were lacking for piling work, retrofitting and electromechanical works. Labors were not being provided any training nor has any performance test been performed, only 6% of labor were trained rest acquired skill through working experience which is the challenge for immersing work. Construction companies had maintained their labors supply through agents or labors suppliers. In spite of their agreement regarding health and safety facilities, contractors do not provide it to labors satisfactorily. Labors management lacks a definite framework for their development and performance. Labor management should be ensured by ensuring job guarantee, remuneration, health facility, provision of leave and compensation. Construction industries should ensure better labor management by facilitating working condition through clear working methodology and labor card. Regular training, tool box talk should be conducted for skill development. Rather than project award to the lowest bidder priority should be given to specification and working methodology. Health and safety facilities, site infra structure should be incorporated as the submittal of the contract document.

This study aims to determine the extent of the implementation of the Regional Regulation No. 12/2018 on Regional Levies in Gunung Mas Regency on Calibration/Recalibration Service Charges, and to find out the obstacles that occur in implementing these policies. This research is located in Kurun Subdistrict, Gunung Mas Regency. The data collection technique was carried out in three steps, namely: observation, interview, and documentation. The informants of this research consisted of: 1) Head of Consumer Protection and Metrology Division of the Industry and Trade Service of Gunung Mas Regency; 2) Head of Metrology Section; 3) Metrology Sector Staff; and 4) Traders who have received services and who will assess how the policies calibration/recalibration are applied. This study uses qualitative data analysis following the concept of Miles and Huberman's model with the theory of policy implementation according to Edward III. The results of the study show that the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 12 of 2018 concerning Retribution for Recalibration Services in Gunung Mas Regency is still not effective. This ineffectiveness occurs due to several obstacles, namely the absence of socialization from the Dinas regarding the SOP for implementing Recalibration services to the community. This also resulted in a lack of public knowledge about the policy, which hindered policy implementation. Limited funds are also an obstacle in the distribution of information to the public.

Choledochal cysts are a rare congenital anomaly, the malignant degeneration is the most dreadful complication of this pathology with a very unfavorable prognosis, and we report an observation illustrating this complication and its prognostic in a young woman taken in charge in our unit.

Corona virus (COVID-19) is an enveloped RNA virus that is diversely initiates in humans and wildlife. A total of 6 species have been identified to cause disease in humans. Viral infections play a critical role in human diseases, and recent outbreaks is the influx worldwide in form of novel corona .The SS-RNA virus from the enveloped corona virus family caused SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome) which is life threatening viral infection. The spreading of infection is quick in many countries of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) called COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020. There are numerous drug trials going on with some positive results. Though, since no vaccine is available, the best way to fight the virus is by preventive measures. In the present research an attempt had been made to find new COVID-19 main protease inhibitor by molecular docking approach. The present study reveals that rifampicin has good binding affinity with COVID-19 protease and thus can be used as prophylaxis and therapeutic treatment for corona patient.

Purpose: The research was conducted to determine the knowledge level, awareness status, delay level in treatment and causes of delay of the cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sanliurfa province. Method: The research is a cross-sectional study. It was conducted between November-December 2018. The patients who applied to Sanliurfa Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Diagnosis and Treatment Center (SCLDTC) constitute the study population. 375 people participated in the study. Findings: The median age of the participants was 17 years (mean 22.1 ± 17.9) and 50.9% were under 18 years of age. 53.3% of the patients were female and 46.7% were male. The education level of 51.7% of adult participants and the mothers of participants under the age of 18 was below the primary school. 54.9% of the participants or their families did not work in any job. 45.3% of the patients had facial lesions. A delay was found in 41.4 % of patients although they directly applied to SCLDTC and 58.6% of them who applied to SCLDTC after referral. 344 of CL patients experienced a total of 570 delays in different stages of access to treatment. 32.8% of those who had access to CLDTC after direct application or referral had patient delay. The most common patient delay causes are assuming that it is acne with 16.5% and neglecting with 14.6%. Delays due to health care centers are mostly in public hospitals at 13.2%. 91.6% of delays are due to dermatology clinics. The reason for the delay is that misdiagnosis and the wrong treatment in dermatology clinics. 49.6% of the delay cases were caused by the CLDTC and the most common reason for the delay was the absence of medication with 48.4%. In the logistic regression model, where independent variables affecting the patient delay are evaluated together, that the lesion is on the face increases early treatment application 2.4 times and that having only one lesion increases it 1.8 times. Result: Patients' level of basic education and knowledge of the disease is low. Although the patients knew that they should apply directly to the CLDTC, patient delay levels are high. The presence of lesions in regions other than the face decreases patients' behavior of seeking early treatment. Therefore, the information and awareness of the patients and the society about CL should be increased, the patients applying to CLDTC and their relatives should be informed, these training should be pursued and supported by posters and brochures in women's support centers, schools, etc. Compliance training should be performed with appropriate time intervals in CLDTC, with dermatologist physicians, who will work in Sanliurfa in order to reduce system delays. Pentavalent antimony required for the CLDTC and other centers should be provided on time.

John Locke (1632-1704) is one of the most influential names in Western European society during the bourgeois revolutions. In his system of philosophy, education ideology plays a rather important role. Locke published a book of "Few Reflections on Education" in 1693, in which he formulated his philosophy of education. His views on education were radical for that era, and even though he wrote them nearly 400 years ago, they continue to influence the way we think about education and raising children today. Jonh Locke is a truly influential thinker and he is part of the group of British philosophers considered empirical, who believe that our knowledge and understanding of the world comes to us through "sensory experience". In the framework of the article, the author clarifies some educational ideas of J. Locke, thereby analyzing its significance for the current Vietnamese educational innovation.

Construction is a highly demanded for rapid development. In Chitwan, recently, large construction projects are ongoing that includes commercial buildings in majority. However, Construction industry is taken as the dangerous and dirty industries. Like every construction project, commercial building projects also involve different factors of Accident. Safety aspect is less concerned on the construction site. The objective of the paper is to assess the causative factors accidents in construction projects of commercial Building in Bharatpur. It will be significant to the construction practitioners and its stakeholders. It helps them to avoid accidents by maintaining safety requirement in their construction project and help them implement good provisions of safety adopted by other companies. Site visit of the Housing and interview were conducted after extensive literature review to list all the possible factors for questionnaire preparation. Questionnaires survey was conducted to all the consultant and contractor team working in the Area. Relative Importance Index was used to rank the major accident causation factor. The causation factor attribute to organizational level were identified as major one. No compliance to governmental safety rules and regulation, Workers Negligent in wearing personal protection items, Lack of working space and site layout, Condition of equipment, Workers was rushing to the work and Appropriate Personal Safety procedures were not specified were majour factors of accidents. The housing safety management in the project was inferior to the anticipated codes and byelaws. Some of the accident causation factor from the literature review also coincides with the risk and hazards in the housing construction.

With a population threatening towards 133.92 crores it is important for a country like India, to make mandatory efforts, providing health benefits to all especially those who are devoid till date. A terrific amount of strain is now being placed on the available medical facilities due to the low doctor-population ratio in India, which limits the time available for doctors to communicate with patients, especially those who belong to a lower socio economic class. Thousands of deaths are reported from unsafe abortion due to the lack of trained abortion providers, lack of knowledge, availability of safe services, compounded by the social stigma surrounding abortion. To save themselves from the surrounding stigma, they then turn towards local, less experienced doctors who charge low but, due to the lack of experience and proper knowledge the condition becomes more severe causing Septic abortion. Septic abortion, whether induced or spontaneously occurs because of improper, unsafe, and inadequate removal of products of conception. Subsequently products of conception become infected, bacteria infiltrate the placental tissue and infection spreads to the uterus. A condition unequivocally related to maternal complications such as hemorrhage, trauma and sepsis. Thus to avoid such outcomes the current article attempts to focus on the major challenges faced by the woman in India, further mentioning the prevention required and solutions associated with septic abortion.

This research aims to study and determine the performance of land agency officials in issuing certificates in Banjarbaru and to find out the supporting factors and obstacles to the performance of land agency officials in issuing certificates in Banjarbaru. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with the geetz interpretive model approach, namely a phenomenological approach that seeks to find meaning instead of looking for laws, to understand every problem and not to seek a theory of phenomena. The results showed that the performance of the land agency apparatus in issuing certificates in Banjarbaru was still less than optimal, because the apparatus still expected compensation from the applicant; there is discrimination among officials in providing services because of the proximity system; Responsibility is still lacking due to complaints about making measuring drawings and land parcels maps; Accountability is not good because there are many community unrest/complaints, lack of transparency about the cost and time of certificate issuance. The supporting factors for the performance of the land agency apparatus in issuing certificates in Banjarbaru are: discipline, People's Service for Land Certificates (LARASITA) cars, computerized systems, waiting rooms, information boards and land flow charts. The factors inhibiting the performance of the land agency apparatus in issuing certificates in the city of Banjarbaru are human resources, lack of public understanding, lack of computer infrastructure, low apparatus capacity, lack of apparatus coordination, insufficient document storage, no lost certificate replacement funds, no guarantee of security for the land agency apparatus at work.

Adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment are increasingly motivated by esthetic con¬siderations. The majority of this patients reject wearing labial fixed appliances and are looking instead to more esthetic treatment options, including lingual orthodontics and invisalign appliances. Since Align Technology introduced the invisalign appliance in 1999 in an extensive public campaign, the appliance has gained tremendous attention from adult patients and dental professionals. The transparency of the Invisalign appli¬ance enhances its esthetic appeal for those adult patients who are averse to wearing conventional labial fixed orthodontic appliances. Although guidelines about the types of malocclusions that this technique can treat exist, few clinical studies have assessed the effectiveness of the appliance. A few recent studies have outlined some of the limitations associated with this technique that clinicians should recognize early before choosing treatment options.