Medicinal plants are source of a great economic value. Plants herbs are naturally gifted at the synthesis of medicinal compounds. The extraction and characterization of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants have resulted in the discovery of new drugs with high therapeutic value. Baobab Adansonia digitata L., (Malvaceae) seeds were collected from El-Obeid, North Kordofan state Sudan, and were extracted with hexane as solvent the extracted oil was analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty four constituents were detected the major constituents are: 9-octadecanoic acid methyl ester (25.08), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (23.08), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (22.78), Methyl stearate (6.86) and Methyl 2-octylcyclopropene-1-heptanoate (6.08). In the well diffusion bioassay the oil showed significant activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and the yeast Candida albicans but it was partially active against Escherichia coli. The antioxidant activity of the extracted oil was evaluated using the standard 2, 2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 0.5 ml. The antioxidant activity of the extracted oil was 19.00 ± 0.08

We discovered during a dissection of the callot triangle during a cholecystectomy a doubling of the cystic artery, discribed being a rare variation of cystic artery.

The human pathogen, Entamoeba histolytica contains four Sir2 homologs in its genome. We have designed the 3D tertiary structure of EhSir2a and its interacting partners by comparative homology modeling and studied their interaction by molecular docking. Sir2 proteins are known to interact with their substrates through the deacetylase domain present in its C-terminus. Interestingly, EhSir2a contains a unique Zn finger domain at its N terminus and this is not present in any known Sir2 protein. This study shows that EhSir2a may interact with this N-terminal residue also. It interacts with its substrate, elongation factor EhEF2 through this zinc-finger domain. The interaction sites are different for alpha-tubulin homologs, the other substrates of EhSir2a identified by yeast two-hybrid library screening. The coordinate files of the best-modeled structure for EhSir2a and its interacting proteins were processed for protein-protein docking using ClusPro v2.0 and HawkDock server. Tyr432, Asn422, Arg408 residues of α-tubulin are essential for interaction with EhSir2a. Here we report that molecular interactions of EhSir2a with its interacting partners are not restricted to the conserved NAD+ dependent deacetylase domain; it may also involve the N-terminal residue.

Background: Physical inactivity has been listed as one of the global health problem by WHO and is one of the important risk factor for development of non-communicable diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular illness and some malignancies. Regular physical activity plays a significant role in preventing the development of non-communicable diseases. Students of medicine in spite of having considerable knowledge about the benefits of physical activity the occurrence of physical inactivity is also common because of lack of time and busy academic schedule. Hence the present study was taken up to assess the background knowledge, barriers and motivational factors for the practice of physical activity and to study the pattern and duration of physical activity among first year medical students. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 130 medical students. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Descriptional statistical analysis was done and results were expressed as percentages. Results: in our study majority of the students said they would like to practice some form of physical activities because of the health related benefits of the same. The pattern of physical activity practiced is mainly sports related which can be attributed to the younger age of the study population. Conclusion: we conclude that there is a greater need to encourage students to practice physical activities in some feasible form during their medical training so as to inculcate good practice of regular physical activities into their own lifestyle and advice their future patients regarding the health benefits of regular practice of physical activity.

Background: Diclofenac (DCF) is a drug widely consumed in developing countries like Nigeria, because of its fast and immediate effect on pains. Objectives: The high number of adult males falling victims to BPH made DCF a suspect in the predisposition to BPH. Methods: Thirsty Six (36) Male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group 1; the Normal control (NC) was injected subcutaneously with olive oil only, Group 2; standard group treated with testosterone Propionate in olive oil (3 mg / kg b.wt.). Groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated with Diclofenac, potassium in solution as low (2 mg / kg b.wt.), mid (4 mg / kg b.wt.), and high (6 mg / kg b.wt.) doses respectively. All animals were fed same diets throughout the twelve (12) weeks. After this period, the rats were allowed to fast overnight then Blood samples were collected and analyzed for liver function, kidney function, lipid profile, prostate specific antigen (PSA), and haematological parameters. Results: The result showed an elevation in liver parameters; ALT, ALP, AST, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin in the treatment groups compared to the control. Conversely, the concentration of Na+, Cl- and HCO3- revealed no significant difference compared to the control while urea and creatinine increased significantly. Haematological parameters showed increase in WBC, PCV, PLT in the treatments groups while RBC, Hb, MCV decreased. For lipid profile; Total cholesterol, TG, HDL and LDL increased significantly in the groups treated with mid and high dose DCF. Conclusion: The level of PSA was found to increase in all the treatment groups compared to the control. This result revealed that DCF-Potassium at high concentration can inter fare with the liver and kidney functions, lipid profile and haematological parameters as well as increasing PSA level. Thus, we conclude that persistent consumption of DCF can likely predispose to BPH.

Knowledge of investment regarding the characteristics of benefits and costs of mutual fund products is still very minimal and access to market information on the mutual fund is limited which can be an investment alternative that can be used by the Samarinda community. This Community Service Program aims to provide investment knowledge of mutual fund products through online media whose information can be accessed by every community, especially Samarinda. The PkM program was implemented in 5 sub-districts of welcome sub-districts and 5 sub-districts of Sungai Pinang sub-district on July 8 to August 18 2020 using the online / virtual face-to-face meeting method with online problem solving steps, namely the first step to provide investment knowledge education and introduction to mutual fund product characters, the second step is distributing online questionnaires to community respondents, the third step is processing the questionnaire data, and the fourth step is collecting empirical references and interpreting the observed data. The pandemic covid 19, this motion as investors turned the people of refracting life changed, his extensive and complex investment and the confidence to reach the fixed investment can be achieved .This research includes 268 respondents, the data processed with validity test, reliability test and hypotheses test with analysis 1-10 scale semantic, the independent variable obtained that investment 56,2 percent knowledge and confidence can explain the variable dependent of champion investment in the pandemic covid19 Samarinda Town Kalimantan east of Indonesian society.

Ocular colobomas are malformations of eye and are associated with early cataractous changes. Cataract surgery in eyes with coloboma require extra care and planning at each stage as these eyes are at greater risk for complications during cataract surgery. Presenting here, the outcome of cataract surgery in a 45 years female who presented with micro cornea, iris coloboma and advanced cataractous changes with nystagmus. The preoperative planning and management, the complications dealt during phacoemulsification and the outcome are discussed.

The spirit of Islamic institution in instilling a nationalist insight at the time of independence is always carried out to instill the country’s defense. Developing a national insight toward Santri can be done in a variety of ways and activities. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of training and scouting education, the development of nationalism insight, supporting factors, obstacles or obstacles that arise, and the solutions made in Gontor Modern Islamic boarding school environment. The research method used in this research was qualitative method to answer the research problem accordance with the phenomena that occurred in the Developing the Nationality Insights through Education and Scouting Training at Gontor Modern Islamic boarding school Environment. The data collection techniques were done by doing observations, conducting interviews, and analyzing some relevant documentations. The techniques to check the validity of data was based on holding certain criteria. The data validity criteria were based on four things, namely the degree of trust or credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The criteria for data collection were examined using detailed description techniques, the criteria for dependency and certainty were carried out by auditing. The technique of checking the validity data was carried out by the evidences.

Coronaviruses was first discovered in the late 1960s and were responsible for most respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in the human population. The present COVID-19 outbreak has affected over 210 countries including Nigeria. It is one of the largest respiratory disease affecting several countries simultaneously; a novel strain of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified as the causative agent. Sequel to the advice of the International Health Regulation Emergency Committee, the Director-General of WHO declared that, COVID-19 outbreak has become a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30th January, 2020; and characterized it as a pandemic on 11th March, 2020. The success in curtailing the pandemic (COVID-19) depends largely on better understanding of the basic facts. The aim of this review was to examine the basic facts such as, origin, spread, morphology, symptom, diagnosis, precautionary measures with WHO/NCDC/National guidelines, management and treatment, vaccine design and development, pathogenicity and ethical implications.

This article analyzes the phenomenon of gender-based political violence in Mexico, which has impacted and affected the political participation of women in the country, which began in the 19th century, and which represents not only an existing problem, but rooted and recurring. Women in Mexican politics have been historically invisible and have been limited in the exercise of their political-electoral rights due to various social, cultural, partisan, structural, institutional circumstances, among others, that have favored the existence of a considerable and very marked gap with respect to men in this area. Hence the importance of the issue being addressed and eradicated, since it is a practice that restricts women and complicates their full development. In this work, political violence is conceptualized, and among other points, it is analyzed how it is presented, how it can be detected, what are the behaviors that it implies, some cases that show it, what are the rights of the victims and what institutions, instances , organizations, pacts, protocols, conventions and laws, both national and international, provide attention, channeling and solution to various aspects related to political violence against women on the basis of gender and some of the actions that have been taken, aimed at attend to it, sanction it, and prevent it. A cross-sectional documentary investigation was carried out to analyze the historical development of political violence up to the conditions in which it is currently manifested in Mexico.

Exaggerated placental site (EPS) reaction is an exuberant physiologic process wherein intermediate trophoblasts infiltrate the underlying endometrium and myometrium at the implantation site. Its diagnosis is established only histopathologically which reveals proliferation of intermediate trophoblasts at the implantation site with absence of mitotic activity. Distinguishing EPS reaction from other trophoblastic tumors is crucial due to difference in management and prognostic outcome. We reported a case of 35 years old multigravida female who presented to the hospital at gestational age of 39+6 weeks with complaints of persistent post-delivery bleeding. We received a hysterectomy specimen in our department. Grossly the specimen measured 14cm x 14cm x 8 cm and endometrial cavity was filled with hemorrhagic soft tissue. On microscopy, microsections revealed gravid uterus with numerous intermediate trophoblasts extending into but confined to the myometrium; a diagnosis of exaggerated placental site rophoblastic reaction was made. EPS can develop anytime from early to term pregnancy. Clinical features are non-specific such as abdominal pain, high grade fever, continuous bleeding per vaginum. Only 12 cases have been reported in English literature based on PubMed from 1990 through 2020. EPS is rare and diagnosis is chiefly histopathological. It should be considered albeit rare as a differential diagnosis of heavy bleeding after a delivery or abortion. It is necessary to differentiate this entity from other neoplastic pathologies of trophoblast, since it does not require any surgical treatment or follow up.

Background: Oral health entails practicing and maintenance of good oral hygiene. It is an integral part of general health. Aim: To determine the oral health behavior among dental, medical and nursing students of the Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja Lagos. Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted among dental, medical and nursing students of Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, using a self-administered structured questionnaire, which assessed their oral health attitude and practices. The obtained data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 software. Results: One hundred and thirty participated in the study. More than twenty-eight percent (28.5%) brush twice a day, 27.7% use dental floss regularly, and only 47.7% use water to rinse after meals. About 56.9% of the medical students have never been to a dentist. A few, 7.7% have undertaken the every 6 months dental visits and 77.7% agreed that oral hygiene was necessary for good general health. The study also showed that female students (both dental and medical) showed better oral health practices than male students. Conclusion: Although dental students exhibited better practice towards oral health, but there was a lack of adequate attitude among them. Further emphasis on oral health is necessary in undergraduate training to improve the oral health attitude and practice among dental, medical and nursing students as they will act as role models for oral health education among individuals and community at large.

The focal interest in this study has been to critically evaluate the trend of non-oil-export-stimulation facility (NESF) as well as non-export performance in Nigeria. The NESF is a 10-year tenure CBN debenture investment that worth N500 billion naira as credit to non-oil export sector with commencement from 2017. Although, NESF experienced a halt in the process due to forensic auditing of perceived corruption in Nigerian Export and Import Bank (NEXIM) operations which has crippled earlier similar programmes, a cursory look at NESF through percentage growth and graphical trend of non-oil export extracted from CBN Statistical bulletin 2019 reveals remarkable increase in the trend of non-oil export activities from 2017 to 2019 being the incubating as well as implementation period. While negative growth rates of 15.5%, 30.8% and 0.6% were recorded in 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively, in 2017, 2018 and 2019, there was positive and remarkable growth rate in non-oil export sector by 63.7%, 32.6% and 124.9% respectively. Also, from ARDL result, non-oil export positively influences RGDP. This suggests that with prudent administration of the NESF, there abound great hope in the economic growth of Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommended that concerned beneficiaries of NESF should maximize accrued advantages of this opportunity especially its favourable repayment-period-spread and rates, with a two-year moratorium. Also, the rebranded NEXIM should take it as a foremost duty to scrutinized, monitor and reprimand where necessary for the attainment of NESF nominated objectives. Finally, improvement in infrastructure needed for export promotion should be strengthened.

In order to remove the residual harmful lead ion(Pb2+) in water, modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (O-MWNTs), as a adsorbent, was used to enrich and remove Pb2+ in water samples. O-MWNTs was obtained by mixed acid oxidation. It was analyzed and confirmed that O-MWNTs had been obtained successfully by FITR and TEM. The adsorption property of O-MWNTs to Pb2+ in water was investigated. The adsorption efficiency of adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, adsorption pH and adsorption temperature was investigated, and conclusions are as follows: when pH is 5, the temperature is 20℃, adsorption time is 40 min, and adsorbent dosage is 40 mg/L, the adsorption efficiency was the highest. Adsorption rate of can reach 81.7% under optimal conditions.

Objective of the present study was to analyze association of blood pressure with fruit chaat likeness. A questionnaire was prepared about the fruit chaat likeliness. 200 participants were took part in this project. All these people were the students of postgraduate class. First of all we measured the blood pressure of all the participants and then took their views about the likeliness of fruit chaat. The present study showed that blood pressure and fruit chaat likeness have no scientific relationship.