Law is often transplanted from one place to another. Law is inextricably linked to its social context. In the new location, it will operate differently because the legal context changes. The law undergoes a transformation. In its new context, it might fulfill its intended purpose or satisfy a different one. In the extradition case of Meng Wanzhou, CFO of the Chinese private company, Huawei, the Canadian Court applied the double criminality test. This involved transferring the social context of the requesting jurisdiction, as it attached to the alleged conduct constituting the offence, to judge whether the domestic offence requirements could be satisfied. The social context may include background law comprising the sociolegal landscape. However, the law creating the offence is not transplanted for this purpose, as only the local law is relevant, not that of the foreign jurisdiction. This article reviews the application of the test and questions whether the deciding Court went too far by using foreign law, that creating US Sanctions against Iran, which does not exist in Canada, to satisfy a required element of the local offence. The article posits that the legal element of the transplanted ‘context’ shifted from passive background context to playing a performative role in the Court’s decision that the double criminality test had been satisfied. It is suggested that further study of the previous work of legal comparatists might help identify the role of transplanting law and context in this aspect of the extradition process.

Background/Objective: Methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract usually produces a brilliant reddish liquid and it is believed that modification of this colored liquid may have good staining effect on thin blood smear. Therefore, this study aims to examine the staining effect of modified methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx on thin peripheral blood smear in other to obtain surrogates hematological stains. Materials and methods: Dried calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa was obtained commercially from Yola. The calyces were pulverized to fine powder and 10g of the powder was soaked in 50ml of absolute methanol for 12hours to obtain methanolic extract and thereafter, equal volume of both methanolic extract and methylene blue were mixed to obtain a modified methanolic extract. pH of modified extract was determined using pH meter. The modified methanolic extract was further used to stain thin peripheral blood smear. Results: Modified methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx had pH of 7.1. The extract produces a poor staining effect on erythrocyte but gave a deep blue coloration on leucocytes, while the control stains such as field stain and Leishman stain produces a normal coloration on leucocytes and a dark pink coloration with normal pallor on erythrocyte. Conclusion: Modified methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx has PH of 7.1 and produces a poor staining effect on erythrocyte but impacted a deep blue coloration on nuclear lobes of leucocytes microscopically. More research to get a modified concentration and a molar equilibrium of acidic and basic components in this extract is recommended.

This paper investigates the impact of stock market development on real economic growth in Nigeria. The Johansen Cointegration and vector error correction model (VECM) were used to analyze annual time series data on stock market development indicators and real gross domestic product (GDP) from 1984 to 2018. The results show a long run relationship between stock market development and economic growth in Nigeria. In the long run, market capitalization ratio, all share index and rediscount rate have significant positive effect on GDP, whereas market turnover ratio, and trade openness have strong negative influence on GDP. Results also show evidence of causality effects running from stock market development to real GDP. The paper concludes that stock market development is important for economic growth in Nigeria. The paper recommends that government promote stable economic and political environment, strengthen the regulation and supervision of the stock market, streamline market processes, improve trading system, and increase investment in manufacturing and logistics infrastructure.

Background: Skin diseases are very much prevalent in the developing countries. It is generally agreed that pattern of skin & venereal diseases differ in different countries and within various regions of a country depending upon social, economic, racial & environmental factor. The morbidity associated with skin and venereal diseases makes them an important public health problem. Very scanty literature is found on the problem which is either disease based, community based or specified population group based. Objective: To assess the pattern of skin and venereal diseases in patients attending OPD of department of Dermatology & Venereology Of Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: It is a descriptive study conducted at Dermatology and Venereology OPD in Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh for the period from 1st January, 2019 to 31st December 2019. Six thousand and two hundred and three patients were enrolled during the study period. The study population comprised of newly diagnosed cases as well as relapsing cases presenting in the outpatient irrespective of gender and age. Diagnosis was made on clinical basis. Lab investigations were restricted to the cases where it carried diagnostic importance. Then they were processed with the help of software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 19.0 and analyzed. Results: Study was conducted on 6203 patients comprising 3373 (54.38%) males and 2830 (45.62%) females, who attended skin and VD OPD of Rangpur medical College hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh during the period of one year. Males were found to be most commonly affected. Male female ratio is 1.2: 1. Age group between 15 to 29 years carried maximum incidence (43.79%). All disorders were broadly classified into noninfective (63.5%), infective (20.2%) and miscellaneous dermatoses (16.2%). Eczema 1721 (27.7%) and fungal infections 694 (11.2%) came out to be the two top most common cause for OPD attendances. Conclusion: Our study found a higher prevalence of non-infective dermatoses than infective dermatoses. Eczema and fungal infections formed the largest group in their respective categories.

Halliday’s theory of modality has provided points for scholars to analyze interpersonal meaning in various types of discourse. This paper analyzes how interpersonal meaning in economic speech delivered by president Xi Jinping at session 1 of the 13th G20 Summit is achieved through modality system with the expectation of helping the addressers of economic speech to understand the right use of modality.

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is relatively a common disease which affects people, irrespective of their age and gender. Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormones, which in turn results in a generalized slowing down of the metabolic processes. Newly diagnosed hypothyroidism has been reported to be associated with inflammation, dyslipidemia which leads to CV risk. hs-CRP is a marker of subclinical inflammation and a predictor of CVD. Vitamin D deficiency is involved in autoimmune diseases, metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular disease, and cancers. Recent evidence has demonstrated an association between low vitamin D status and autoimmune thyroid diseases. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare vitamin D, hs CRP levels and lipid profile with that of thyroid profile among newly diagnosed hypothyroid subjects. Materials and methods: A total of 70 subjects with the clinical features and investigative reports suggestive of hypothyroidism and newly diagnosed as hypothyroid patients in General Medicine department, Meenakshi medical college, kanchipuram, were compared with 70 healthy controls. Results: The levels of vitamin D were significantly reduced compared to controls and negatively correlate with TSH in hypothyroid cases. hs-CRP levels were significantly increased and positively correlate with TSH in hypothyroid patients. Total cholesterol and TGL levels were significantly higher compared to control group and positively correlate with TSH in hypothyroid cases but the level of HDL was significantly reduced compared to controls and negatively correlate with TSH in hypothyroid patients. Conclusion: Our results indicated that newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients become an important entity due to possible link between diagnosed hypothyroid patients and cardiovascular risk factors, especially lipid abnormalities and alteration of BMI levels. Patients with hypothyroidism suffered from hypovitaminosis D and also significant association between TSH and hs-CRP is an important finding in this study.

Nowadays, the analysis of interpersonal meaning in political discourse has attracted more and more attention from academic circles. As the ninth UN Secretary General to take office in 2017, to a great degree, Guterres is actually a symbol of authority, justice and fair, therefore his words have profound impact on the UN and the world. Therefore, based on the theoretical framework of interpersonal function in Halliday’s systemic-functional grammar, this article focuses on the discussion of Guterres’ inaugural speech from the perspective of modality system. By means of quantitative and qualitative analysis, this article analyzes the high-valued modal operators, the median-valued modal operators and the low-valued modal operators in Guterres’ inaugural speech, hoping to find out Guterres’ speech style and also explains how he realized the interpersonal meaning in his inaugural speech with the help of different values of modal operators. Furthermore, it also can reveal the relationship between the choice of language mode and the meaning to be expressed, so as to better understand the deep meaning in the speech.

The research included 116 subjects who have declared that they had participated in sports, sport activities and recreation. It is a targeted sample, competent to declare their views on questions of why they practice sports and sport activities and what are the reasons (causes) for young people to quit the sport which they participated in. The results obtained on reasons for participation in sports and sport activities show that good physical shape is the primary reason, followed by health, social interaction, and friendship and making acquaintances, while a sporting career and financial benefit are by far lowest on the scale. When it comes to reasons why young people quit sports and sport activities, the majority quit because of indolence, followed by injuries, social circles, and lack of free time, pressure from overambitious parents, poor attitude of the coach, excessive exertion, and ultimately, lack of talent. When it comes to differences between attitudes on quitting sports between the sexes, occupations, smokers/non-smokers, alcohol consumers/non-consumers, and types of residential areas, the results have shown that neither the subject’s sex nor alcohol consumption have an impact on attitudes on reasons for quitting sports. Some difference was observed in level of education (high school or university student), smoking (smokers or non-smokers), and type of residential area (city, suburbs, countryside).

The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the relationship between Competitive Advantage, Organizational Culture, and Sustainable Leadership on the successful application of the management accounting information system (MAIS). Using primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to several manufacturing companies in Bekasi, West Java. The research instrument, namely Competitive advantage, was adapted from the Porter's Diamond Model Questionnaire which consists of five indicators, Organizational culture consists of four indicators, and Sustainable Leadership consists of three indicators. Data processing uses SEM Partial Least Square. In this study Competitive advantage, organizational culture, and sustainable leadership have a positive and significant relationship to the successful implementation of MAIS.

Blood is a fluid which we have in our bodies that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and also waste to be eliminated from the body. ABO and Rh blood group system is the most important system in transfusion and organ transplants. Though, many studies have been conducted in various parts of India to determine the local ABO and Rh distribution, no Indian study has so far been conducted to explore the South Indian especially Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry ABO and Rh distribution. The present study made an attempt to provide data on ABO and Rh blood group distribution across Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry. A total of 25,000 subjects of college students were included in this study and ABO and Rh (D) grouping was performed on all these samples. Data on the frequency of ABO and Rh(D) blood groups was expressed in simple numbers and percentages. The present study explored Among the ABO grouping system the highest frequency of blood group was found to be group O [10023(40.09%)], followed by group B [7447(29.79%)], and group A[6393(25.57%)]. The least common blood group was AB group [1137(4.55%)]. 94.69% Rh antigen was detected and the prevalence of Rh – ve was 5.13%. Of the 25000 individuals, the most common blood group was O followed by B and A and the least blood group was AB. The present study provides information about the relative distribution of various ABO blood grouping in the Tamil nadu and Pondicherry. This vital information may be helpful in planning for future health care blood transfusion services.

The furious and grave COVID-19 pandemic may look to be a serious matter as of now but along with it has entered more furious, more grave and most dangerous virus of misinformation which spreads without any control across the globe within no time and impacts the world negatively misleading each one with the differences that creates distrust towards each other and turns each of them more selfish, lonely and inhuman. Like the corona epidemic termed as pandemic; the fastest spread of misinformation, maybe termed as the misfodemic turned most dreary and scary. Unaware of the facts and its cure, the people kept loitering with the false information being surrounded with its spread and reach troubling themselves with nothing, for nothing. The power of social sites, science and technology was much required here to let truth prevail and the fake or the false to perish.

Comparable with new scientific achievements in the field of medicine, the health care system is experiencing major structural changes that affect every segment and every profession directly or indirectly involved in the health care system. Nursing is a profession based on empathy and vocation, so as such it must adapt to modern medical and health knowledge. The development of the professional identity of nursing is a continuous process that begins with the acquisition of formal education in biomedicine, and continues to develop further through a professional career in a dynamic process in which there is an interaction of education and practical skills that ultimately leads to personal and professional growth and development.

The purpose of the study was to explore and identify the experiences of mothers raising different mentally disabled child in the Egyptian society. Thirty mothers of children with mental disabilities have been selected and interviewed. They were diagnosed as Down syndrome (10 cases), Fragile-X (10 cases) and 10 with Autism. The interviewing process included two phases; introductory, and in-depth questions about mothers’ personal experiences in raising kids with special needs. The results of the interviews showed that 90% of these mothers were literate, 63% end up divorced and 66% leaved their jobs to take care of their special needs kid. Sadness, guilt, shame and isolation were some of the feelings of mothers who participated in this research, in addition to the overwhelm of being stigmatized by the society. Findings highlighted that provision of adequate education, health care and stigma were the main issues for mothers. The study reported that Egyptians do not have the culture of the psychiatrist. Despite considerable progress in recent years, Egypt is still marked by discriminatory attitudes which affect children with disabilities and their mothers. The study concluded that despite the autistic associations programs to increase public awareness about Autism, yet fragile-X still remains poorly understood for most of the Egyptians. We discovered that mothers of children with Fra X syndrome and autistics were less optimistic than those with Down syndrome mothers. Study suggested strategies to help ease the stigmatization included providing simple information about genetic diseases that non-medical individuals can easily grasp.

Non communicable diseases like Cancer is a leading cause of death group worldwide. The reason for every sixth death in the world is cancer, making it the second leading cause of death. Curing cancer is certainly one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. In the last two decades, our knowledge of cancer and its treatment has greatly improved. This has revealed the huge variability that can be found between not only different types of cancer, but also between patients with the same type of cancer. It seems increasingly evident that there won’t be a single method to ‘cure’ rather, each patient will be treated accordingly to their specific needs. But for individualized medicine to become a reality, we need a range of therapies wide enough to cover the broad spectrum of cancer. It has been found that cancer in one person doesn’t always behave the same way in another person. Thanks to the innovative research that has fueled the newer treatment options available for cancer treatment that increases the individuals’ survival rate. New approaches to cultivate the immune system in the fight against cancer are getting us closer to a future where cancer becomes a curable disease. Targeted therapies, personalized vaccines, gene therapy, microbiome treatments and stem cell transplantation are some of the technologies that will change the way of cancer treatment.

Introduction: Dentalalveolar fractures are commonly encountered in emergency settings and dental clinics. In adult patients they can occur due to different reasons and may be accompanied by various other facial injuries. Early stabilization and fixation are necessary for treatment if such injuries. Objective: To compare the efficiency of different non rigid fixation techniques in the treatment of dentoalveolar fractures. Materials & Methods: This comparative study was carried out on 87 patients belonging to young, middle, and old age groups. The causes of these fractures were also noted. One of eight different non rigid fixation modalities namely Direct Interdental wiring, Indirect Eyelet Interdental wiring, Indirect IVY Loop Interdental wiring, Continuous Multiple Loop Wiring, Erich’s Arch Bars, Cap Splints, Gunning Splints and Pin Fixation were used for treatment in each case and complications occurring after three weeks in each treatment group were observed and compared among the groups. Results: 87 adults took part in our study. 49% of all the fractures were due to Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) and 25% were due to assault. 37 were treated with Erich’s Arch Bars, 14 with Direct Interdental wiring, 11 with Indirect Eyelet Interdental wiring, 10 with Indirect IVY Loop Interdental wiring, 6 with Continuous Multiple Loop Wiring, 4 with Cap Splints, 3 with Pin Fixation and 2 with Gunning Splints. All treatment methods had high success rates (normal union), which ranged from 70- 100%. Conclusion: Non rigid fixation techniques are viable methods of treatment in dentoalveolar fractures.