Peripheral T and NK lymphomas of the nasal cavity are a heterogeneous group of neoplasia of lymphocytic origin. Nasal T/NK lymphoma is a rare and severe disorder in Africa and Europe. It is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with specific clinicopathological features. Diagnosis is based on immunohistochemical study. Treatment includes chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This type of lymphoma has a poor prognosis overall, even with treatment. We report a case of T / NK lymphoma simulating an orbito-jugal cellulitis. This is the case of a 49-year-old patient admitted with an extended left facial cellulitis. The CT scan of the facial mass showed a left unilateral pansinusitis with orbital infiltration. The diagnosis was made after an immunohistochemical study of the nasal biopsies. Histological examination revealed nasal-type T / NK lymphoma. The treatment consisted of radio-chemotherapy. T / NK lymphomas are aggressive; they mainly affect the nasal sinus cavities. They are responsible for angio-destruction and necrosis which make the symptoms nonspecific and the biopsies often negative, causing a problem of differential diagnosis. The treatment is based on radiotherapy and chemotherapy and the prognosis remains poor. The patient was treated with CHOEP chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy.

Chondrosarcoma is a very destructive malignant tumor of cartilage, bone and mesenchymal origin. Localization in the head and neck is rare and the sino-nasal site is even rarer. We report a case of chondrosarcoma of the nasal cavities and sinuses. The aim of our work is to show the importance of clinical, endoscopy and imaging in the diagnostic presumption, to discuss the choice of surgical technique and postoperative monitoring. We will highlight the difficulties that this tumor poses for the pathologist to differentiate between chondroma and chondrosarcoma.

Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is a plant species native to Southeast Asia that is best known for its oil essence. In this chapter, we'll look at using its oil to make biodiesel. To further clarify the picture, a number of steps would be carried out, beginning with the extraction of the oil and ending with its categorization. The “supercritical fluid extraction” approach is used in the extraction process. Later in this process the oil would be used as a source for extraction of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester. The characterization of the methyl ester would be specifically based on density, specific gravity, Flash point, carbon residue.

This paper tries to reexamine the practice of the second language testing in Sri Lanka. Testing is considered a way to systematically measure a person's ability or knowledge, and it is formalized as a set of techniques or procedures. Testing also plays an important part in language learning and evaluation in classroom settings. In fact, there are no Second Language Development and Language Testing researchers have discussed the roles of testing and its development in Sri Lanka. Government of Sri Lanka has taken an action to teach Tamil or Sinhala as a L2 in different levels - School students, University students, Government servants - and evaluate them in many ways. Fundamental concepts and criteria which are thought to underpin good language testing. Discussing the importance of the interface and different perspectives between Language Testing and Second Language Development which explore learners' test-taking process and strategies. This article suggests that it is essential to examine not only final linguistic products of tests but also the entire test taking process to make language tests more communicatively relevant.

Prostitution is considered a social stigma from ancient times. The legal institutions and frameworks of different nations are not aloof from its influence. This paper aims to study the different aspects associated with decriminalization of prostitution. The paper begins the arguments which contractarians in support of decriminalization and legalization of sex commerce give against the feminists’ theorists. The author analyzes the propositions laid down by Lars Ericsson. Then a comparative study is incorporated where different alternatives to its decriminalization is presented. It includes the European practice of licensing and its criticism, English and West Germany solution of regulating time, place, method and its limitations, and the concept of prevalence of laissez faire sex commerce and its harsh effects on the social balance. An analysis of decreasing rape rate based on the study of Cunningham and Shah is also presented. At the end, the possible consequences of legalizing prostitution have been described.

According to Sangiuolo, there are two main methods of replacing the denture base: the first is called relining and the second is called rebasing. Indeed, the term rebasing is defined as, “A process of refitting a denture by the replacement of the denture base material by preserving the same prosthetic teeth“. The main purpose is to re-establish adequate adaptation of the denture base to the bearing area and to preserve the original jaw relations. This technique is mainly indicated in the case of an immediate or late static prosthetic instability induced by physiological or pathological resorption. The approach is the same as the final impression with the obligation to have a well-balanced occlusion with a correct occlusal plane, a valid centric relation with the right vertical dimension. This manuscript attempts to cover most of the common complete denture rebasing indications along with a simple description of clinical and laboratory steps that can any practitioner follow to succeed the prostheses base replacement.

Language and literature works as a bridge in achieving certain goals by affecting the human being socially as well as psychologically. The current study aims at exploring socio-psychological disposition of the characters in Usman Ali’s play The Prisoners. In order to unmask the external and internal trauma of contemporary society, socio-psychological approach is used in the current study. For this purpose, the researcher highlights socio-psychological disposition of the characters in the play by drawing attention to the trauma of characters, the prevailed corruption and systematic nepotism in the society. In the play, Rustam and Sohrab who love each other and want to spend their life together whereas the society is not willing to give them space and the crowd puts them into the prison and wants to kill them. Moreover, the whole play curbs by the revenge of the leader who indulges in property issue with Rustam to take vengeance and he drags him in prison. The findings of this research shed light on The Prisoners as a socio-psychological study of contemporary era as it throws light on the prevailing evils in the society leading to multiple psychological traumas.

Introduction: Metformin is the most widely administered anti-diabetic medication among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, metformin induces vitamin B12 mal-absorption which may increase the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency among T2DM patients. Aim: To determine the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among diabetic patients on metformin therapy. Materials & Methods: This is a case-control hospital-based study conducted in Khartoum state. A hundred subjects were involved, fifty were with type 2 diabetes patients underuse of metformin, and fifty were diabetic patients not underuse of metformin. Serum Vitamin B12 levels were estimated by the ELIZA method in a fully Automated Biochemistry Analyzer (Cobas). Results: Table 3.2 shows the mean serum level of vitamin B12 in diabetes underuse of metformin and control group respectively were (252.6±101.3, 339.4±112.3), there was a significant decrease of serum level of vitamin B12 in patients under treatment with metformin compared to patients not underuse of metformin (p value=0.000). Conclusion: Significant decrease of serum vitamin B12 in the diabetic patients under treatment with metformin compared to diabetic patients not use of metformin. Vitamin B12 deficient subjects presented with significantly longer duration of T2DM, duration of metformin use, and use of higher metformin doses compared to non-deficient subjects.

Wetlands play significant role in climate change contributing about 5% of the global Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission through respiration which is being thought to be influenced by the soil properties. In this study the aim is to establishing relationship between wetland soil physicochemical properties and CO2 respiration from Oguta lake point one. Standard methods were used to determine the soil properties and an AZ 77535 CO2 gas analyzer held at arm’s length was used to determine the concentration of CO2 at sample location. Mean results showed pH (5.03), temperature (28.16 oC), electrical conductivity (108.56 uS/cm), moisture content (17.83 %) and organic matter (1.35 %). Mean weekly [CO2] concentrations (564 ± 13.5 to 580.72.2 ± 13.03 ppm) were higher than mean around the world (370 ppm) and higher all sites around the lake including the control site (425 ± 2.5 to 438.2 ± 2.0 ppm). There was positive relationship with [CO2] and R2 values of (0.262), (0.370), (0.304), (0.294) and (0.056) respectively were observed. This confirms that the respiration of CO2 is influenced by the soil properties. An increase in soil properties reflected an increase CO2 concentration. Results add to information on how soil properties can be modified to reduce soil respired CO2, thereby reducing wetland contributions to global warming.

Based on Martin’s Appraisal Theory, this study takes the English news reports of COVID-19 on the official website of the overseas edition of China Daily as the research corpus, and classifies the corpus from its subsystem, that is, attitude system to conduct the discourse analysis, so as to explore the distribution law of attitude language resources in the corpus, and interpret the attitude hidden behind the news reports. It is found that in the report of COVID-19 in China Daily, the use of affect resources accounts for the largest proportion, followed by judgement resources, and the use of appreciation resources is the least. And the proportion of positive attitude resources is much larger than that of negative attitude resources.

Plates are common structural elements use in several engineering applications and are subjected to different types of loads, including acoustic excitations. The first satisfactory theory of bending plates is associated with Navier and later Kirchhoff. These theories nevertheless, are deficient as they do not take into account the influence of transverse shear forces on the deformation of plates. Consequently, this work explicitly established a refined plate equation, which considers the effect of shear deformation in line with Vasil’ev approach. The differential equation of plates with shear effect was solved for all edge simply supported (SSSS) condition subjected to uniformly distributed load using orthogonal polynomial method. Numerical solutions in the present study are compared to Navier’s solution based on Kirchhoff’s hypotheses which gives an insignificant percentage difference for membrane plates (-00.308% for h = 0.05m) and thin plates (00.260% for h = 0.15m). However, it is also observed that the percentage difference between the present study and Kirchhoff’s hypotheses is high for fairly thick plates (04.172% for h = 0.40m) due to incorporation of share deformation in the solution. The result presented shows good approximation for analyses of fairy thick and thick Isotropic rectangular plates.

Mucormycosis or the grimmer popular name, Black Fungus has evoked public concern in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic but the disease is not that uncommon, medical literature from India shows. Mucormycosis is an angioinvasive disease caused by saprophytic fungi of the order Mucorales. Rare, life threatening COVID-19 complications appear to be escalating in India, creating a fresh wave of critical medical challenges in a country that has already seen short supplies of oxygen and other basic needs. Hospital across India have been reporting several cases of Mucormycosis, a rare fungal infection, affecting patients who have recently recovered from COVID-19. Once considered a rare “opportunistic” fungal infection in Covid-19 patients, mucormycosis has emerged as a dramatic bellwether for a raft of secondary ailments symptomatic of India’s inability to contain the world’s fastest growing coronavirus outbreak. The exact incidence of mucormycosis in India is unknown due to the lack of population based studies. The estimated prevalence of mucormycosis is around 70 times higher in India than that in global data. Diabetes mellitus is the most common risk factor, followed by haematological malignancy and solid-organ transplant. The government has now declared it a ‘Notifiable Disease’.

Aim: To assess the anatomical and functional outcome of transcanalicular LASER DCR compared to external DCR. Methods: A quasi study had been carried out in two tertiary eye hospitals of Bangladesh from January 2016 to December 2020. Group A included all patients selected for external DCR, and group B had been selected for transcanalicular laser DCR. Variable included age, gender, anatomical outcome, functional outcome, and surgery-related complications. Statistical analysis had been done by Quick Calcs Graph Pad software. Results: The total evaluated patients were 119 patients in group A and 46 patients in group B. The anatomical success rate was 93.3% in group A and 84.8% in group B. The functional success rate was 86.5% in group A and noted 84.8% in group B. Minimal skin scar was observed after six weeks of surgery in 98 (82.3%) cases of group A. Conclusion: The anatomical success rate is higher in external DCR, but the functional outcomes are almost the same in both groups.

Over the past year, the opening-up measures have been basically implemented. From the pilot free trade zone to the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the new strategy for the development of the Yangtze River Delta, the implementation of the Foreign Investment Law and the comprehensive implementation of the pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list management system have been introduced. Major progress was made in expanding imports to boost consumption and in further lowering tariffs. Open cooperation, innovation and sharing of the world economy to promote the national consumer imports, pluralism, open, and to discuss the level of imports and the quality of image and how to influence consumer perception of imported products to buy, in the face of the differences in the light of the imported products and home products, give consumers more independent options, thus it is concluded that the influence factors of the buyer. This paper discusses the will of consumers and the influencing factors, and on this basis, puts forward a reasonable development strategy for the e-commerce platform to sell overseas goods, and provides a reference for the government to formulate scientific support policies.

Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group; a carboxylic acid group and aside chain that varies between different amino acids. These molecules are particularly important in biochemistry, Amino acids containing uncharged amino groups, at physiological PH values, may also undergo Schiff base formation, which presents another potential mechanism for metal complexes. In this study, four new amino acid Schiff base compounds namely; 5-Chlorosalcialdehyde-glycine (H2L1), 5-Chlorosalycialdehyde-alanine (H2L2), 5-Nitrosalycialdehyde-glycine (H2L3), 5-Nitrosalycialdehyde-alanine (H2L4). Derived from condensation reaction of substitutedsalicylaldehyde with some amino acids; glycine and α-alanine, with a new alternative method. The development includes the use of 10-2mole sodium hydroxide as a new catalyst, which is added to the classical method of Schiff bases synthesis. The four Schiff bases were characterized by elemental analysis (C.H.N) and spectroscopic methods; IR, 1H and 13C NMR. These methods were applied successfully for characterization of the prepared Schiff bases.