The moon image has rich associative meanings in both Chinese and western cultures. Since the moon which is symbol of eternity is accompanied by the development of human beings, therefore its associative meanings have always been enriched and developed in both Chinese and western cultures. Although the moon image in Chinese and western cultures has similar associative meanings, the reasons for their formations are quite different. In addition, the moon image shows great differences in Chinese and western cultures, which is due to the uniqueness of the two cultures. This article aims to analyze the moon image in Chinese and western cultures from the associative meaning of Leech’s categories, so as to find out their unique expressions of the moon image in Chinese and western cultures, which is of practical significance for cross-cultural communication.

The effects of Al content and ternary additions such as Mo, V and Si in as cast  based alloys made by plasma arc melting on solidification structures and mechanical properties were studied. The Columnar  /2 lamellar structures in Al-lean alloys due to primary  solidification had higher room temperature fracture strength and strain than  phase structures through the reaction of L+= in Al-rich alloys. The fraction of α2 phase was found to decrease with increasing Al content in binary alloys. Fractography revealed that fine translamellar fracture is a man fracture mode in Ti-48at.%Al alloy which led to a high fracture with more than 5%. The RT fracture strain was improved by the addition of 1.5at.% Mo and 1at.%Si. The mechanical propertied have been discussed in term of changes in unit cell volume and axial ration. In the case of Si, tensile properties coincided well with the change of axial ratio c/a. The strength and strain could be raised slightly to compare with binary system. The standard deviation has been low in lattice constant so deviation of c/a is 0.43% which is good one to help to analyze the strain in TiAl-X alloys. The first factor is c/a which means atomic anisotropy then is c*a2 which is unit atomic volume of γ phase. The decreasing c/a is to decrease the atomic anisotropy and increase the materials atomic ductility in TiAl-X alloys.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global public health problem, with WHO Western Pacific and African region worst hit. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV infection and its associated factors among pregnant women accessing Ante-Natal Care (ANC) at a tertiary hospital in Enugu State, South-East Nigeria. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study that involved all the women that attended ANC of a tertiary hospital in Enugu State Nigeria for a period of 12 months (June 2020-May 2021). Data was retrieved from the patient’s ante-natal cards and entered into a pro forma. Data was analysed using SPSS version 25 and variables were presented as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Chi-square test was used to determine factors that affected the prevalence of HBV with the level of significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: All the ANC attendees in the hospital were tested for HBV with annual prevalence of 1.0%. The mean age of the women was 29.78±4.70 with a range of 16-46 years. Women aged 31 – 40 years, married and with tertiary education had the highest HBV prevalence. Occupation and parity were the only factors associated with the prevalence of HBV. Conclusion: The Prevalence of HBV among the pregnant women showed low endemicity.

Critical supply chain infrastructure faces unprecedented challenges from natural disasters, operational disruptions, and regulatory compliance demands. This paper examines the application of geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to develop risk-based inspection frameworks and resilience planning strategies for pharmaceutical, food, and logistics supply chains. By integrating spatial analysis with risk prioritization models, organizations can optimize inspection routes, identify vulnerable network components, and enhance supply chain continuity. The research synthesizes methodological frameworks from environmental monitoring, logistics optimization, and critical infrastructure protection to demonstrate how geospatial technologies enable measurable efficiency gains in inspection operations while strengthening resilience against disruptions. Key findings indicate that GIS-enabled route optimization can reduce inspection travel distances by up to 74%, while spatial vulnerability assessments support targeted interventions in high-risk network segments. The paper proposes an integrated framework combining spatial optimization, multi-hazard risk evaluation, and real-time monitoring capabilities to support decision-making in supply chain inspection and resilience planning.

Vegetable oil-based fuels are promising alternative fuels for diesel and light fuel engines because of their environmental and economic strategic advantages. In this study, we prepared the biodiesel from Congolese underutilized, nonedible Oleaginous Plant A. floribunda Oliv, and we determined its physicochemical properties according to the international standards for biodiesels and petro-diesels. A. floribunda oil was extracted and transesterified by alkali-catalyst using methanol with KOH as catalyst. The maximum yield of the obtained fatty acid methyl ester FAME (biodiesel) was 87.23%. The GC-MS Chromatography of the obtained fatty acid methyl ester FAME (biodiesel) showed the presence of Stearic acid, Oleic acid, Palmitic acid, Linoleic acid and Alpha-linolenic acid in the quantity of 61.68, 35.20, 1.15, 1.27 and 0.68%, respectively. Physicochemical properties (density, viscosity, flash, cloud and pour point; ash, water and sulfur contents; and corrosion on copper) values of Biodiesel (B100), and B20 (FAME blend in Gasoil), were within the range of values set by the international standards specifications of Petro-diesel and biodiesel (American Standard: ASTM D-6751 and European Standard- EN 14214). Thus, these two types of biodiesel (B100 and B20) could be used in a diesel engine in substitution of the Petro-diesel (Gasoil).

Despite growing awareness of diversity deficits in the media and entertainment industries, women remain significantly underrepresented in technical and creative leadership roles within the visual effects industry. This paper investigates the systemic barriers and gendered career pathways that shape women’s experiences in roles such as compositors and supervisors drawing exclusively on secondary literature embedded within qualitative and quantitative studies. The findings reveal persistent patterns of occupational segregation, pipeline leakage, and symbolic marginalization. Women face challenges in attaining leadership legitimacy due to role incongruity, lack of sponsorship, and crediting practices that systematically obscure their contributions. Additionally, women of color remain virtually invisible in supervisory positions, underscoring the compounded exclusions at the intersection of race and gender. Through thematic synthesis and representation analysis, the study highlights four major barriers: role incongruity, work-life strain, professional leakage, and recognition deficits. It also outlines coping strategies employed by women to navigate institutional constraints, including behavioral adaptation, informal leadership, and horizontal mobility. Two analytic tables summarize disparities in gender representation and the structural barriers women confront across VFX roles. The paper concludes with targeted policy recommendations emphasizing mentorship infrastructure, inclusive credit systems, and reform of recognition practices. These interventions are critical to fostering equitable career advancement and institutional visibility for women in this male-dominated industry.

Thyroid benign nodules (TBNs) are the most common lesions of this endocrine gland and are prevalent diseases around the world. Among TBNs the colloid goiter (CG) and thyroid adenoma (TA) are very frequent diseases. An evaluation of the variant of TBNs is clinically important for subsequent therapeutic interventions, as well as for more clear understanding the etiology of these disorders. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine differences in the content of silver (Ag), bromine (Br), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), cooper (Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), iodine (I), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), rubidium (Rb), ammonium (Sb), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), and zinc (Zn) in tissues of CG, TA, and T. Thyroid tissue levels of twenty chemical elements (ChE) were prospectively evaluated in 46 patients with CG, 19 patients with TA, and 12 patients with T. Measurements were performed using non-destructive energy-dispersive X-Ray fluorescent analysis combined with instrumental neutron activation analysis with high resolution spectrometry of short- and long-lived radionuclides. Tissue samples were divided into two portions. One was used for morphological study while the other was intended for ChE analysis. It was observed that in CG, TA and T tissues content of Ag, Br, and Hg was significantly higher, while level of I was lower than in normal thyroid tissue. In addition to these ChE, in CG and TA samples content of Cl, Cr, and Na was higher than in normal gland. ChE composition of T tissue differed from CG and TA tissues by elevated Rb level and reduced Se and Zn levels. The abnormal increase in Ag, Br, Hg level and decrease in I level in all TBNs might demonstrate an involvement of these ChE in etiology and pathogenesis of TBNs. In addition, elevated levels of such ChE as Cl, Cr, and Na can be also important for goitrous and adenomatous transformation of thyroid. It was supposed that elevated level of Rb and reduced levels of Se and Zn content in thyroid with T could possibly be explored for differencial diagnosis of T among other TBNs.

A cocktail made with the extract of three medicinal plants (Spondias mombin, Vernonia amygdalina and Momordica charantia) is widely used in the traditional Ivorian pharmacopeia for the treatment of various illnesses and brain disorders. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible preventive effect of the hydroethanolic extract of the cocktail on anxiety and depression as well as memory disorders related to abrupt withdrawal from chronic alcoholism using a Mice model. Adult mice were either with vehicle (phosphate buffer saline, 1 ml/100 g, p.o.) or 20% of alcohol drink (2g/kg, p.o) for 28 days. Some alcoholic mice were concomitantly treated with cocktail extract (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o). Twenty-four hours later, anxiety and depression-like behavior, and memory abilities were assessed with behavioral tests. The level of oxidative stress markers such as nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-protein-thiol (NP-SH) were assayed in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The results showed that the cocktail extract significantly prevented at dose-dependent manner the abrupt alcohol withdrawal-induced anxiety and depression-like behavior. In addition, the cocktail extract significantly improved the spatial learning and reference memory deficits observed in alcoholic mice. The results also revealed that the cocktail extract significantly mitigated the MDA and NO content, but in same time increased the level of NP-SH in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex when compared to chronic alcoholic mice. Our finding provides evidence that the cocktail of the three medicinal plants has neuroprotective effects against alcohol withdrawal symptoms and confirms its traditional use to relieve cognitive-affective disorders.

Tobacco smoke is complex mixture, which is major source of toxic chemicals. Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. According to WHO estimations, 5.4 million premature deaths are derivative to tobacco smoking. The most frequent causes of tobacco-related death are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease and several types of cancer. Smoking negatively associated with the bone mineral density of the entire hip and femoral neck, and the exposure time was negatively associated with the bone mineral density of the total hip, femoral neck, spine, lumbar and the whole body. Smoking decreases the mechanical strength of the regenerating bone and postpones the mineralization, Indirect actions on adrenocortical hormones, sex, intestinal calcium absorption, vessels, oxygen supply, vitamin D, increased incidence of fractures and the loss of bone mineral content.

The grains of guar are dehusked mechanically, milled, hydrated and screened according to their use. The guar gum has many industrial applications. It is self-pollinated annual plant having 14 (2n) chromosomes number and belongs to family Fabace. Genus Cyamopsis belongs to sub-family ‘‘Papilionaceae’’ and the tribe ‘‘Indigofereae’’. In the textile industry, it is used in sizing, printing and in finishing. In the paper industry, enhances the sheets formation, folding and gives denser surface for the printing. In the explosion industry, it is used as a waterproofing agent. In milk products it is used as a binding agent. Their genetic diversity can be used as an active tool to predict the association between various characters in genetically different population for improvement of crop enhancement practices. Its yield with different chemical compound trait and is recognized to be related with a number of constituent traits and is extremely affected by environmental deviations. These traits are themselves consistent. The correlation is very significant in plant breeding for its consideration in dependency among two or more characters.

Fibro osseous lesions are poorly defined group of lesions, characterized by replacement of normal bone by a benign connective tissue matrix. Fibro osseous lesions of jaws such as Fibrous Dysplasia, Osseous Dysplasia and Ossifying Fibroma. Theses lesions have common characteristics that include common clinical, radiographic and microscopic features. Clinicians and pathologist experience difficulty in diagnosis and differentiation due to its significant overlapping of clinical and histological features. Many diagnostic terms have been used for these lesions in the literature. Therefore, proper categorization requires good correlation of the history, clinical findings, radiographic characteristics, operative findings and histologic appearance. Theses lesions have undergone frequent renaming and reclassification due to its varied features. This revies article is an attempt to simplify the understanding of this diverse group of lesions.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common, life-threatening, autosomal-recessive disorder among Caucasians. Some of the mutations are very rare, and some represent individual sequence changes in the gene. In this case report, we present the dental treatment of CF in a 5 years old Saudi female. She has poor oral hygiene, poor dietary intake, generalized mild plaque induced gingivitis, multiple carious teeth, and a negative behavior. In addition, clinical and radiographic examinations indicated the presence of taurodontism and congenital absence of lingual frenum. We discuss the effect of the disease process on dental and oral health and management in the dental setting.

The educational environment is the general atmosphere of a learning space. A safe valued, participatory education environment supports autonomy and influences learning, achievement, and satisfaction. Education institutions aspire to provide a positive educational environment and quite often, seek feedback from learners to assess the quality of the education environment. Gender segregation is a norm in the Saudi Arabian education system. Educational institutions in Saudi Arabia do make efforts to establish a similar education environment across male and female campuses. Using a cross-sectional survey approach, learners' perceptions of the educational environment at one of the public Universities in the Asir region in Saudi Arabia were assessed with a purpose to generate a profile of the institution’s strengths and limitations. Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM), a generic tool was administered to learners enrolled in twelve undergraduate health professional programs, in the year 2017-2018. A total of 646 learners responded to the survey. The majority of the learners perceived the education environment as 'more positive than negative'. None of the items had a mean score of 3.5 and above, indicating 'no strengths'. Fourteen 'problem areas' were identified. Gender differences in the perceived education environment were noted in the Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Physiotherapy, and Doctor of Pharmacy programs. Male learners perceived the educational environment across programs alike. However, female learners did not. DREEM was useful to identify the priorities in planning appropriate measures to improve the education environment.

The Nb was the most effective alloy elements of Ti3Al alloy on RT plasticity in the late 1970’s. The effects of Nb content in as cast α2 based Ti-25at.%Al-(11-16)at.%Nb alloys made by plasma arc melting on structures and mechanical properties were studied in this paper. The Prior /α2 grain boundaries were found to increase both ductility and strength. The size of α2 plates resulted in finer α2 cleavage facet which would be fine when Nb content was increased. They would cause high fracture strain and strength in high Nb content alloys. The lattice ratio of 2 phase will be decreased when the Nb was increased. It was supposed that the Nb could substitute for the Ti so that the distance of a axis between atoms would be increased. According to Hall-Petch formula with σ=σ0+kD-1/ the grain boundary int these three alloys was calculated and knew that σ0 is 168MPa, K is 10.8MPam-1/2. The effective turn of four respects is lattice constant c> c/a> V> lattice a in terms of variance method with the deviation in these three alloys that means that lattice c is the best one and then c/a& V and finally lattice a in terms of deviation.. It was found the calculated value c/a is 0.81 meantime volume of unit has been 0.42nm3 and their standard deviation is about 0.16% and 0.32% respectively. It expresses that the later volume is not preciser than the former c/a.

Nanotechnology as multidisciplinary branch helpful in designing of variety of semiconductor such as transistors, switches depending upon the nature of particular materials composed of nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction is also used for measuring the different properties of nanoparticles also used for characterization of nanosacle materials. Silver and gold nanoparticles formulations can be easily accessed through the different methods such as lithographic and vacuum deposition of metal, but expensive techniques. There are many other techniques for instrumental manufacturing leads to accurate determination of thickness, roughness, and density of nanoparticles. X-ray reflectometry determines layer thickness, roughness, and density while on the other hand; high-resolution diffraction can measure the lattices properties and dimensions of nanoparticles. LEDs, different types of diodes, solar cells synthesized based on nancapsules and quantum computing. Photovoltaic cells can be synthesized through nanotechnology by employing high quality materials due to thermal and mechanical properties. Nanotechnology in electronics in designing of electronics devices by increase the shelf life of memory chips.