Medicinal plants have long been used globally for the management and treatment of diverse disease conditions. They are endowed with diverse secondary metabolites responsible for the therapeutic effects they exhibit hence the possibility of discovering novel, effective and affordable therapeutic targets with limited side effects. Scientific investigation of these medicinal plants has witnessed an upsurge in recent times. Piliostigma thonningii (Schum Milne-Redhead) commonly known as ‘‘camel’s foot’’ and ‘‘monkey bread’’and locally as ‘‘kalgo’’ in Hausa, ‘‘Omukpakpa ajalu’’ in Igala, ‘‘abafe’’ in Yoruba, ‘‘nyihar’’ in Tiv, ‘‘mchekeche’’ in Swahili and ‘‘Kharub’’ in Arab is distributed widely in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. The different parts of the plant are known for the treatment and management of dysentery, fever, respiratory ailments, snakebites, hookworm and skin diseases, and gastro-intestinal tract problems among others. Although promising scientific reports have been published on the various parts of P. thonningii, no review comprehensively summarizes its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Therefore, this review aims to provide a critical and comprehensive evaluation of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and toxicology of P. thonningii as well as offer suggestions for future investigations.

Using Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics and the practice of Critical Discourse Analysis, the study demonstrates how ideas and thoughts are represented in selected speeches the governor of Rivers State. This personality is analysed to have certain ideologies as made manifest in his use of language. Recognising that situation actually determines what to say, recognition is equally given to the language features of the speeches in relation to the functions in particular contexts. The study revealed that Wike’s speeches open with words of appreciation God and humanity. In second step, intentions are declared by the governor who assures the people of Rivers State that their suffering has already gone into history. The governor is seen to have neglected the needs for international relations and foreign policies. He unveils his plans for his administration like restoring the legislature’s autonomy, restoring and enhancing independence of the judiciary, appointing and re-opening of the state’s chief judge and courts, amendment of chieftaincy laws among others. The grammar of the speech is featured frequently with we-pronoun, which is not merely a discourse feature but a sign of collectivity and togetherness. The governor also appeals for unity and cooperation from all the citizens of the state. He feels that the state is in deep trouble which requires careful plan to tackle it. In a similar fashion, he promises to equally cooperate by returning power to the people in the conduct of common affairs.

Background: Metabolic syndrome is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Some studies have suggested that vitamin D deficiency may play role in metabolic disturbance and vitamin D supplementation improves metabolic profile of these patients. Objective: To evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the metabolic profile in the polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Methods: Seventy seven diagnosed cases of vitamin D deficient polycystic ovary syndrome patient with metabolic syndrome, age range 18-45 years were administered standard therapy of oral vitamin D (OH)2 40000 IU weekly for seven weeks followed by maintenance therapy of oral vitamin D2 2000 IU daily. Follow up vitamin D was done 3 months after initiation of vitamin D supplementation. The changes in features of metabolic syndrome namely, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum triglyceride and high density lipoprotein levels were recorded. Paired‘t’ test was done to see if the changes were significant. Result: Mean serum vitamin D was significantly increased (11.5±4.0 ng/ml vs. 36.8±10.7 ng/ml) after the vitamin D supplementation (p<0.05). Triglycerides level decreased (180.7±62.3 vs 148.1±46.2 mg/dl) and HDL level increased (38.2±11.3 vs 47.1±10.3 mg/dl) which were statistically significant (p<0.05). But the changes were not significant for the waist circumference (93.9±8.6 vs. 93.4±8.2), blood pressure (SBP-117.6±12.4 vs 117.5±11.9 mm Hg; DBP- 80.9±7.6 vs 80.8±7.8 mmHg), fasting glucose (5.77±1.02 mmol/L vs. 5.74±0.99 mmol/L). Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation have favorable effects on features of metabolic syndrome.

Background: Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) of abnormal marrow stem cell with BCR-ABL1 fusion gene as a pathognomonic feature. In resource-poor countries, clinical and laboratory parameters were invaluable tools used in the diagnosis. However, the advent of GeneXpert technology was a paradigm shift in the detection of the fusion gene. Aim of the study: To highlight the clinical usefulness of geneXpert in the evaluation of clinical and laboratory features of newly diagnosed patients. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu. Sixty-five BCR-ABL 1 positive consenting patients were evaluated using demographic, clinical and laboratory data. Data was analyzed using GraphPad Prism software version 9 with probability <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: A total of 65 patients with mean age 45.22 + 15.44 years were studied. Age group 39 – 49 were mostly affected 20 (30.8%) with Enugu State having the highest disease burden 20 (30.8%). Abdominal swelling was the most common presenting feature 57 (87.7%) while splenomegaly was the most common finding on imaging 60 (92.3%). Mean WBC and BCR-ABL1 were 207.37 + 87.57 x 109/L and 41.02 + 24.53% (IS) respectively (r = -180, P = 0.015). Majority of the cases were in chronic phase 56 (86.2%). Risk assessment of cases on presentation using Sokal and Hasford scores were statistically significant (t = 20.23, P < 0.0001), [CI = 1429 to 1739]. Conclusion: There was improved diagnostic yield of cases of CML using the molecular diagnostic technique.

Meditation known as influential factor on many neurocognitive variables, memory is one of them. Studies have identified that meditation affects working memory. This study aimed to identify the effect of mindfulness meditation on verbal memory and composite memory. Twenty (n=20) male volunteered students age ranged between 21 to 29 years were taken from colleges and university of Kalyani, West Bengal, India. As the subjects were randomly divided into two groups and named as control Group and Experimental group. At first, Linearity, Homoscadasticity, and Normality of data were checked by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test respectively in SPSS 23 software. In present study the mean, standard deviation (SD), paired sample‘t’ test were used for observing the effect of meditation programme. Independent sample t test was also used to identify the base line difference between the groups. After fourteen weeks of mindful meditation practice significant improvements were seen in verbal memory and composite memory of the experimental group. The findings suggest that mindfulness meditation practice can improve verbal memory composite memory of an individual.

An experiment work has been carried out to evaluate the parameters affecting a one cylinder engine (spark ignition engine) at two throttle positions (1/2 throttle and full throttle) for two stroke engine and at three throttle positions (1/2 throttle, 2/3 throttle and full throttle) for four stroke engine. Parameters such as brake power, BMEP, Brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption where considered at varying speeds (780, 1560, 2340, 3120 and 3900rpm) and (1000, 1200, 1400, 1600 and 1800rpm) for two stroke and four stroke respectively. The results obtained showed that the brake power, brake mean effective pressure and brake thermal efficiency increases while the torque, specific fuel consumption and volumetric efficiency decreases as the engine speed increases when considering the three throttle positions. The volumetric efficiency and brake power of the two stroke engine for the half throttle positions at 4680rpm for two stroke were 0.229 and 7.545kw respectively compared to the full throttle positions which were 0.299 and 7.662kw respectively. The volumetric efficiency and brake power of the four stroke engine for the half throttle positions at 1800rpm for two stroke were 0.180 and 5.598kw respectively compared to the 2/3 and full throttle positions which were 0.1803, 8.2073kw and 0.1803, 9.2026kw respectively.

“Bian Cheng”, a representative work of ShenCongwen, has fully demonstrated Shen’s unique writing style—the “native soil” style—through his dealing with language. The present paper studies two English versions of “Bian Cheng” with a literary stylistic approach to examine how its originality and freshness can be preserved and recreated in translation. The detailed discussion covers both lexical and syntactical aspect, and introduces a particular situation translators may confront in translating literary texts—“deceptive equivalence”. It is found that the avoidance of lexical redundancy, careful arrangement of sentence structures and the dealing with “deceptive equivalence” are of vital significance in literary translation especially when the unique literary style should be preserved.

This study focuses on the management of nonperforming loans in Bangladesh's banking industry. A supplementary data set was used to conduct this research project. On a year-to-year basis, the total number of nonperforming loans, gross nonperforming loan ratio, and net nonperforming loan ratio are all considered factors from 2011 to 2018. SCBs, DFIs, PCBs, and FCBs had gross NPLs ratios of 30.0 percent, 19.5 percent, 5.5 percent, and 6.5 percent, respectively, at the end of 2018 according to the research. The NPL ratios of SCBs and DFIs were quite high, as were the ratios of gross NPLs to total loans as well as net NPLs to total loans, although FCBs and PCBs were a high level of NPLs but it was tolerable. As a result of a lack of borrower selection, inadequate monitoring, collateral deficiency, money diversion, CRM absence, Basel III implementation, corruption of bankers and political involvement, Bangladesh has accumulated a large number of nonperforming loans (NPLs) in its banking industry. Management of nonperforming loans in Bangladesh's banking industry comprises credit evaluation, loan monitoring, loss provisioning, regulatory framework, loans transferred to third parties and writing down NPLs in an effort to recoup credit losses, the study found. An intended outcome of this research is a set of rules and suggestions on how to reshape NPLs in Bangladesh's banking industry, improve bank management of NPLs, and ensure responsible lending practices.

The development of corpus technology has a profound effect on foreign language teaching. This paper explores application of corpus tools to writing class designing in order to improve the efficiency of College English writing instruction and promote students’ writing competence and autonomous learning abilities.

At the present stage, competitive volleyball is becoming increasingly fierce, and the training means and methods of various national volleyball teams tend to be diversified. In order to stand out in the world volleyball federation, athletes are particularly important in talent selection, and athlete selection is the first link of a project in sports training. This paper takes the standard of talent selection of volleyball players as the research object, and tries to find out the law of talent selection of volleyball players. This paper summarizes the definition of talent selection of volleyball players, the general situation of talent selection of volleyball players at home and abroad, the selection standards of volleyball players and the overall situation. Volleyball is the first big ball championship won by China in the Olympic Games. We need to solve many conflicts in the cultivation of sports reserve talents, which is obviously the key to the sustainable development of sports in our country [1]. We should strengthen the research on the sustainable development of volleyball talents, gradually strengthen the quality and quantity of talents, and establish and improve the sustainable volleyball reserve talent development project. Scientific material selection refers to scientific theories and methods, using means, some data and human body evaluation indicators to predict future competitiveness. In the competitive field, scientific material selection can be designed into many methods, which are very extensive. Such as genetics, morphology, physiology, psychology, sports training and other disciplines, with the current scientific development, each province and city also pay great attention to athletes from childhood [2]. And more reasonable use of scientific material selection. When selecting excellent athletes, the competitive ability of a volleyball player mainly depends on the development level of the player's shape, function, quality, skill, psychology and intelligence. The above factors are combined in quantitative and qualitative forms to form a certain level and type of player model. Therefore, in the selection of talents, we should pay attention to the selection of those with good physical fitness and good intelligence, but the talents with the best of both worlds are not easy to be selected. When there is a contradiction between the two, we should focus on selecting members with good intelligence [3]. Because poor physical fitness can also be improved through training, while players with poor intelligence are generally more difficult to change through training.

Water Scarcity is one of the most important environmental hazards world-over associated with atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. In spite of receiving intensive orographic rainfall, different sources of fresh water; most parts of the population is facing increasing water scarcity day by day. It is more prevalent in the under developed as well as developing countries, than in comparison to the developed ones. The water scarcity is having multiple reasons behind it. in the broader sense, the causes behind the water crisis are mainly of two types. They are either natural or anthropological. The present paper tries to focus on the mechanisms of water scarcity from the perspectives of physical processes and anthropogenic processes. Today's water scarcity in the developing and under developed world is mostly triggered by anthropogenic activities decreasing water supply both in relative term and absolute term. This paper finally presents some measures that can be taken to reduce the hazardous effects of water scarcity for sustainable development of the ecologically fragile ecosystems. At the end, this paper also tries to throw some light as a solution to this problem (in a long term way) for betterment of inhabitants of those water scarce regions of the world.

Proper communication and preparedness planning before a disaster occurs is very important to minimize the risk and the resulting damage. This study takes place in the city of Surabaya with the consideration that Surabaya is traversed by two active faults or tectonic plate faults that can cause earthquake potential. This study focuses on the preparedness phase, namely the efforts made in anticipating disasters, through organized activities. Due to the nature of disaster which is full of uncertainty, communication is the main foundation in minimizing this uncertainty. Communication in the context of disaster plays a role as access to information needs in the process of prevention, preparation and mitigation through the dissemination of information related to disasters. The main key in responding to disasters is to build an effective communication planning strategy in coordinating information before a disaster strikes. This study focuses on analyzing anticipatory activities carried out by Disaster Management Agency (BPB) and Community Environment (Linmas) related to the potential for earthquakes in the Surabaya City area to improve community preparedness. This paper is studied qualitatively by using in-depth interview method. Furthermore, this study was analyzed using the Disaster Communication Management model according to Haddow & Haddow. The result indicate that with four main foundations in building effective disaster communication, among others; Audience Focus, Leaders Commitment, Situational Awareness and Media Partnership. It is important to anticipate efforts from disaster mitigation by the Surabaya City Government in reducing the risk of disaster impacts that can occur in potentially dangerous areas.

The aim of the current work is to investigate the applicability of raw Adenanthera Pavonina Leaves Activated Carbon (APLAC) for the removal of Malachite Green (MG) in aqueous solution. The adsorption of Malachite Green (MG) on APLAC adsorbent was studied as a function of APLAC dose (0.2–1g), initial concentration (10–70mg/L), pH 4–9 solutions, and a varying contact time(30-150)minutes and temperature(298-328)K. The effect of these parameters on the adsorption capacity was investigated using a batch process. The experimental data were fitted to Langmuir, Temkin and Freundlich adsorption models and were found to coincide Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Kinetic data were fitted to the pseudo-first-order and pseudo second-order models, and were found to follow pseudo- second-order kinetic model. The Characterization of the APLAC adsorbent was achieved by FT-IR, UV and SEM techniques. This study reveals that APLAC is eco benign and has a very good dye uptake property and can be best used as low cost and effective adsorbent in removing the environmentally polluting dyes.

The novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) caused by a new strain of corona virus was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) and now is an unprecedented global issue. Mankind is experiencing another remarkable involvement in the quickly spreading COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, the sickness fundamentally influences regular daily existence, bringing about a financial emergency. Moreover the highest risk of getting COVID-19 is for the front line Healthcare workers (HWs). Therefore, utmost importance to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding COVID -19 is needed. Anonline Cross-sectional research design was utilized for the study. An aggregate of 100 paramedic health workers (Nurses, Pharmacist, Lab technician and Allied health technicians) were chosen using a convenient sampling technique. Data were gathered among eligible healthcare workers through online survey by electronically distribution of self-administered questionnaire developed by the investigator. The results depict that 80% had adequate knowledge, 84.6% had positive attitude towards COVID-19 and 88% of participants had appropriate practice related to COVID-19. There was a positive relationship noted among knowledge and attitude(r= 0.381), attitude-practice(r=0.624) and knowledge-practice(r= 0.702) at p<.05 and p<.01 level respectively. The outcome found that there is no huge affiliation found between selected demographic variables such as Age, residence, marital status and source of information but gender and years of experience was significantly associated with knowledge and practice (χ2=5.18) at p<0.01 and profession was significantly associated with attitude (χ2=10.92) at p<0.001.

This paper deals with the identification of Portuguese pre-colonial and colonial diplomatic agents who initiated and effectively implementedthe mechanisms and tools of 3Es for 400 years in Angola from 1575 to 1975. The study briefly presented two main actors countries of Central Africa and Western Europe, Monarchical figuresand Republican Presidents as holders of appointed diplomatic field agents in their different ranks and portfolios. The scrutiny of specialized sources, related scientific materials, different types of reports pertaining to these Portuguese agents in Angola and other institutional documents facilitate us to use a historical analytical approach with evidences drawn from variety of sources. The interpretation of evidence and findings shows that African history is frequently studied with some negligence with much lacking to disclose those European agents who strongly defended their countries by cheating Africans human and natural resources.The awareness of the above can likely opens new research avenues in the 21st Century. Our findings shows that within the period of the study, there were a total of 158 Portuguese official agents with 102 pre-colonial agents between 1575 and 1885 and 56 colonial agents from 1886 to 1975.Finally, about 23 elected or appointed Portuguese saved as President and Head of State during the colonial era spanning from 1910 to 1975.Comparatively to negligence of other European exploiters, the Portuguese at least tried to develop Angola. Therefore, this study is limited to the above as a means of building a historiography of 3Es agents which are often lacking in history books.