This study is interested in the question of learning scientific knowledge related mainly to environmental education in an informal education setting through a sample composed of visually impaired students (14 students), belonging to a Club of environmental education at the ATEEA headquarters, in the region of Sfax. Six stories and six knowledge / understanding tests on various environmental themes were administered during six sessions. Each session was spread over 3 moments, namely a pretest evaluating initial knowledge; recitation of the story (by the storytelling technique in the experimental group (N = 7) and by the reading technique in the control group (N = 7) and finally a post-test involving the same concepts mentioned in the preliminary test. Analysis of the mean scores between pre-tests and post-tests shows a significant improvement in correct answers for students in both groups. On the other hand, the students of the storytelling group showed a significantly higher performance than that of the students of the reading group at the level of the correct answers to the causal propositions. Thus, the storytelling methods made it possible to compensate for the loss of learning leading to the understanding of the different narrative texts recited in the experimental group. The study recommended using stories and the practice of storytelling in school and out-of-school context (clubs, sequences recorded on educational platforms, etc.) in order to remedy the learning loss for visually impaired students in a particular way and for other students in general.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between canine guided and group function occlusion schemes and tooth wear along with salivary factors such as salivary flow rate and salivary pH. Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among 50 subjects, 25 of group function and 25 of canine guided occlusion. Type of occlusion pattern and tooth wear was assessed through clinical intra-oral examination. Lateral excursive occlusion was determined with the aid of Shimstock to confirm tooth contact and the modified ordinal scale was used for evaluating tooth wear. Working side occlusal contact patterns were determined and classified into two groups: canine guided and group function. Unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva sample was collected to assess the pH and salivary flow rate. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21, IBM Inc. Descriptive data was reported for each variable. As the data was found to be normally distributed bivariate analyses was performed using Independent t test. Level of statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05 Results: No significant difference was seen in pH when compared between canine guided and Group function occlusion as p >0.05 whereas flow rate was found to be significantly more in group function. Conclusion: Most of tooth wear in canine guidance is reported in mandibular incisor followed by mandibular molar. No wear was seen in both maxillary and mandibular canines and minimal wear was reported in maxillary incisor. Type of occlusion did not affect the salivary pH rather it affected salivary flow rate.

This paper aims at uncovering and fragmenting the foundations of Locke’s theory of knowledge as addressed in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Systematically, it reveals the origin of knowledge, develops and evaluates the limits of human knowledge and the extent of understanding, as well as critically examines what is knowable with more emphasis on certain and probabilistic grounds. Certainty is attainable through two principal means, comprising the use of the human senses and adoption of abstract reasoning. The sources of human knowledge are significant in easing and enhancing our knowledge of God as it facilitates the justification of his existence, portraying orderliness in the world, and positing mankind as part of God’s creatures expected to implement moral lifestyles through the appeal to reasoning as a law of nature even when in a state of nature. The value of this principle is evident for self-preservation, including an essential moral obligation for the preservation of everybody. The ethical basis of the state of nature featuring both moral and natural laws, signals the natural moral nature of man as determined by a rational order designed by a rational and knowable God.

The study was carried out to assess the effect of oral administration of Moringa oleifera seed extract following aspartame consumption on the intestinal wall. Twenty-seven (27) rats were used for this study. They were divided into nine groups. Group A, the control group were administered distilled water, Group B were administered 0.4 ml of Aspartame, Group C were administered 1.5 ml of Aspartame, Group D1 were administered 0.6 ml of aspartame for the first three weeks followed by 1.5 ml of ethanolic extract of ground moringa seed on the fourth week, Group D2 was administered 0.5 ml of aspartame for the first three week followed by 1.3 ml of n-Hexane extract of ground moringa seed on the fourth week, Group E1 were administered 1.3 ml of apartame for the first three weeks, followed by 2.5 ml of ethanolic extract of ground moringa seed on the fourth week, Group E2, were administered 1.5 ml of aspartame for the first three weeks followed by 3.0 ml of n-Hexane extract of ground moringa seed on the fourth week, Group F1 were administered 1.4 ml of aspartame and 2.8 ml of ethanolic extract of ground moringa seed from week one to week four. Group F2 were administered 1.3 ml of aspartame and 2.5 ml of n-Hexane extract of ground moringa seed from week one to week four. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The rats were weighed once a week. On the 28th day, the rats were anaesthetized via chloroform inhalation; the large intestine harvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed and stained with Harris Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). Blood were harvested for analysis of Blood Glucose Level. Data were expressed as Mean ± standard error of the Mean (M±SEM) and subjected to one-way analysis of variance. Significant difference between mean was accessed by Student-New-Man-Keuls post hoc test. 95% level of significance (p < 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. Ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera seed extract could not protect the Large intestine from the toxic effect of aspartame while the n-Hexane extract of Moringa oleifera seed has a protective effect on the large intestine.

Black pepper, the King of spices (Piper nigrum L.), is a widely used spice, known for its pungent odour. From time immemorial, plant sources were used in traditional systems of medicine and day-to-day common use, such as in meal preparation and cosmetic purposes. This is due to their vast pharmacological potential with beneficial effects. Among the various species of the Piperaceae family, black pepper is one of the most popular due to its principle pharmacological component, piperine. Which is an alkaloid that has diverse pharmacological activities like antioxidant, antiobesity, antitumor, antipyretic, anticonvulsant, antithyroid, antifungal, antibacterial, insecticidal, hepatoprotective, antiasthmatic, larvicidal, antihypertensive, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, bioavailability enhancer, immunomodulatory, antiepileptic, antifertility, GI stimulant, lipid metabolism accelerator, anticancer, CNS stimulant, diuretic, aphrodisiac, blood purifier and antiplatelet activities, etc. Due to the some religious values of black pepper, its being popular from ancient times which is beneficial to modern generation. This review is aimed to provide a literature review on recent advancement of chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacological activities, new Piperine based formulations and other general use of Piper nigrum.

Cervantes published the two volumes of his masterpiece Don Quixote in early 17th century that came to be known as the first modern novel as well as a precursor to the postmodern novel. This book is considered as a canon in Western literary tradition and is one of the most translated works. The novel has the dichotomy of ideal and real at its core, however, it deals with a multitude of themes through its complex narrative. This metafictional text that continues to inspire its readers even today, questions the definition of authorship as well as readership. It holds a special relevance in every age since the publication of its first volume in 1605, nevertheless, for varied reasons. In the present work, a detailed study is done to understand the multivalence and relevance of the myth of Don Quixote in different ages that are characterised by their distinct epistemic beliefs.

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of export diversification on economic growth in Nigeria. Annual time series data on GDP per capita, Theil export diversification index, gross fixed capital formation (for domestic investment), exchange rate and openness of the economy were the variables collected for the analysis for the period 1980-2017. Dummy variable for democracy was also constructed to test for the impact of governance on economic growth in Nigeria. To estimate the data, Autoregressive Distributed lag model, applying bounds test was adopted. The empirical results show that export diversification has positive but insignificant impact on economic growth in Nigeria both in the short run and long run. Similarly, domestic investment has positive impact on economic growth both in the short run and long run. However, its impact is significant only in the short run. Exchange rate has negative impact on economic growth in the short run but its impact in the long run is positive, showing instability in the exchange rate movements in Nigeria. Openness of the economy has negative impact on economic growth both in the short run and long run. However, its impact is significant only in the long run. Democracy dummy has positive but insignificant impact on economic growth both in the e short run and long run. Based on the findings,, it is recommended that the earnings from the oil sector should be channeled to the development of non-oil sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing in order to diversify the export base of the economy.

Tropical Eosinophilia was first described in 1940 and labelled as “pseudotuberculosis with eosinophilia” [2], the term tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) was first coined by Weingarten in 1943 [3] to a syndrome of wheezing, fever, eosinophilia and bilateral mottling of the lungs. This was followed by a series of reports describing similar conditions from the tropical regions such as the Indian subcontinent [4-6]. Here we present a case of a 12 year old boy who presented with complaints of ear ache and swelling on side of neck bilaterally and on examination multiple neck nodes were palpable. On peripheral smear examination and followed by bone marrow study, Tropical eosinophilia was diagnosed.

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM), also known as Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) is a rare developmental anomaly of lung with unknown etiology. It is seen most commonly in the lungs of infants and has features of both immaturity and malformation of the small airways and distal lung parenchyma. With the increasing use of prenatal ultrasonography, cystic lung lesions are detected more often antenatally, which allows for better neonatal management. We report a case of 3 day old female baby presenting with respiratory distress soon after birth.

Background: Gbogbonise Epa Ijebu is a commercially sold native concoction in South-West, Nigeria, with the potential of curing many ailments as claimed by the manufacturer and vendors. This study investigated the antimicrobial quality and efficacy of Gbogbonise Epa Ijebu. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 samples of the herbal remedy were purchased from local vendors in Ilishan-Remo Community of Ogun State, Nigeria and were assessed for their microbiological quality using standard microbiological methods. Also, the efficacy of the herbal remedy was tested against some selected uropathogens using the Punch-hole agar diffusion method. Data generated were analyzed using the Instant GraphPad software package and P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The outcome of the study shows that half (50%) of the herbal remedy samples examined were sterile, while the other half (50%) were contaminated with a microbial count of <10 CFU/mL. The microbial isolates recovered from the herbal remedy include: Staphylococcus aureus (8.3%), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (75%) and Microsporium spp (16.7%). Assessment of the antimicrobial potential of the herbal remedy show that the test herbal remedy had strong inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (17±0.6 mm), Escherichia coli (16.3±0.3 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.3±0.3 mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15±0.6 mm) and Proteus mirabilis (14±0.8 mm), except Candida albican, at a concentration of 200 mg/mL. The combined herbal solution and standard drug gave higher zone diameter of inhibition: Klebsiella pneumoniae (25±0.6 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24±0.6 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (23.7±0.3 mm), Escherichia coli (23.3±0.3 mm) and Candida albican (15±0.6mm), except Proteus mirabilis. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal/Fungicidal Concentration (MBC/MFC) of the herbal remedy for all the test isolates (except Candida albican) was 100mg/mL and 200mg/mL, respectively. The result of the phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins and tannins, while steroids and resins were absent. Conclusion: The outcome of this study further strengthens the claim of efficacy made by the manufacturer and vendors of the herbal remedy. However, more attention should be given to quality preparations, packaging and storage in view of the general safety of the consumers.

Physical activity and exercise on a regular basis can help you stay healthy, energetic, and independent as you age. Exercise is essential in preventing health problems such as heart disease and stroke. Many studies have demonstrated the health benefits of regular exercise. This report examines the evidence regarding the health benefits of exercise across the board. Physical activity and exercise can help to lower stress and anxiety, enhance happy neurotransmitters, promote self-confidence, boost brain function, improve memory, and strengthen our muscles and bones. It also aids in the prevention and treatment of heart disease, obesity, blood sugar swings, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. It also aids in the prevention and treatment of heart disease, obesity, blood sugar swings, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Regular physical activity has been shown the useful in the primary and secondary prevention of a variety of chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hypertension, obesity, depression, and osteoporosis) as well as premature death.

Background: Non-ST Segment elevation myocardial infarction is heterogeneous in its presentation. Like ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is life-threatening of a major cause of emergency medical care and hospitalization. Patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction are at risk for adverse cardiac events, so the initial treatment is very important. Increasing age is a strong predictor of adverse events in non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients. Objective: To determine the in-hospital outcome and severity of coronary artery disease of older patients with Non-ST Segment elevation myocardial infarction. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was carried out in the cardiology department, National Heart Foundation Hospital, and Research Institute from June 2011 to May 2012. Patients of Non-ST Segment elevation myocardial infarction admitted at National Heart Foundation & Research Institute who fulfill the inclusion criteria were the study population. Patients were recruited by nonrandom sampling. One hundred and thirty-four patients were recruited in this study. Data were prospectively collected in a pre-designed data collection form and analyzed using SPSS - 16 software. Results: In this study, patients had a greater prevalence of hypertension diabetes mellitus. Chest pain and shortness of breath were common presentations observed in study patients during admission. They had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction than their younger counterparts. The older group was associated with an increased risk of triple vessel disease. In-hospital complications were significantly higher in older patients. Duration of hospital stay was longer in older patients. Conclusion: Older patients with Non-ST Segment myocardial infarction strongly predict adverse in-hospital outcomes and severe coronary artery disease profiles. Older patients should alert physicians to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, which may, in turn, support more judicious treatment, including appropriate utilization of cardiovascular diagnostic tests and therapeutics used in current cardiovascular care to optimize outcomes in these high- risk patients.

The outbreak of the unconventional coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) on account that December 2019 has created an extraordinary state. Senna is a type of plant in the tropics. Senna, the sienna’s, is a huge variety of blossoming plants in the vegetable family (Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, clan Cassia). As It is a brand new variation of a deadly disease remedy alternatives aren't simplest confined however require painstaking trials to verify theireffectiveness. Due to the lack of information in lots of growing international locations, humans have begun out the usage of herbalmedications, used for numerous different diseases, to fight COVID-19. Misleading data on social mediaregarding “Senna Makki” has gone microorganism in the Asian nation. However, consumption of bush Makki isn't suggested as atreatment possibility for COVID-19 thanks to its several harmful associated side-effects. Though its use in different diseases isevident, trials to verify its effectiveness against COVID-19 got to be prioritized because the public has startedconsuming bush Makki in high doses and while not monitoring prescript.

Intersectins (INSTNs) have been defined as scaffold proteins that have several biochemical functions. Initially INSTNs are described as endocytic regulators and function in different signalling pathways including Ras and Ras-like GTPases, PI3Ks and RTKs in several diseases. Recently, INSTNs have been reported in viral endocytosis. INSTNs was found to be upregulated in transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed protein from Dengue virus serotype four from our recent data. Hence, this review summarises the role of INSTNs in viral endocytosis by interaction with signalling pathways. INSTN-2 interact with K15 protein of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus by selective SH3 domain, INSTN-1 interaction with Epstein-Barr virus Latent Membrane Protein 2 (LMP2A), while direct interaction of NPF motifs at C-terminus of A36 with INSTN-1 and Epsin15 homology domains recruiting AP-2 and clathrin mediate viral release was reported in Vaccinia virus. Most recent, INSTN-2 was shown to regulate adaptive immune response during viral infectivity. This was discovered when mice deficient in INSTN-2 exhibited high mortality rate, impaired antibody responses to vaccination and reduced germinal centre formation in Influenza A virus. This review revealed INSTNs as essential viral endocytic proteins. The review also highlights INSTNs role in other diseases and the regulation of signalling pathways. Targeting INSTNs could be important for the development of pharmaceuticals against viruses and diseases. More study is required to establish the mechanistic role of INSTNs for viral endocytosis.

The background of this research is to find the weaknesses of the current Criminal Policy for Police Personnel Who Abused Drugs and how to Reconstruct the Criminal Policy For Police Personnel Who Abused Drugs Based On Justice Value. This research is a normative-legal type of research that is used to examine the function of a norm that lays the law as an instrument that regulates and controls society. The approach used in this research is conceptual, a statute approach, a philosophical approach, and a comparative approach. The analysis used in this research is descriptive-qualitative. The results show that Police officers who are suspected of using narcotics and subjected to the investigation must still be considered innocent until proven through a court decision that has permanent legal force (the principle of presumption of innocence) as stipulated in Article 8 paragraph (1) of Law no. 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power. However, in reality, the enforcement of the police professional code of ethics against members of the police who are entangled in criminal cases of narcotics abuse has not been carried out properly as the police still do not immediately take firm action against members who are entangled in criminal cases of narcotics abuse, it is impressed that the police are still protecting their members and are considered after the members have been tried in general court and were found guilty of committing a narcotic crime. The police should be able to monitor their members more and instill a higher law-abiding attitude so that their members can avoid criminal acts of drug abuse, such as urine tests. For those who have the authority to prosecute violations of the code of ethics committed by members of the police, they should be more strict in taking action against police who are caught in narcotics use cases and should be rehabilitated as soon as possible, not fired or imprisoned.