The Research Paper ‘Constitutional and Judicial Approaches to Environmental Challenges’, takes us through the role of the Legal and Judicial System, in the protection of the Environment, and in the wider campaign against Environmental Degradation. The importance of Environmental Sustainability cannot be over-emphasized as a destroyed environment may also mean the end of the human race and even plants and animals. The paper looks at both the Nigerian perspective, as well as the global outlook. It looks at the Human Rights angle, which submits that destruction of the environment by industrial, corporate and government institutions, may be an offence against the Law since it infringes on the right of the ordinary citizen to live a healthy life in harmony with nature. In other words, since these human institutions have been responsible for the extinction of many animal species, they shouldn’t be allowed to extend their destruction to include the reduction of the quality of human life or even wiping out the human race. The paper looks into the extent to which the judicial system could help protect the common man from the forces of Environmental Degradation.

In the recent research work, synthesis of Graphene oxide was done by treating graphite powder with KMnO4 and a mixture of H2SO4/H3PO4 and then reduced with ascorbic acid to produce graphene oxide. A method that was approved for this purpose was Tour method. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used for the characterization of the obtained samples. Structural analysis was determined with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) using CuKα radiation (λ=0.15405nm). Raman Spectroscopy was used for chemical analysis. Surface characterization was done with the help of Scanning electron microscopy. XRD pattern obtained through (SEM) shows that GO and RGO were successfully synthesized at 9.2° and 25.1° peaks respectively. Results from GO and RGO Raman spectra samples indicate that oxidation was effective and there was not a complete elimination of oxygenated group in the RGO sample. In SEM images, RGO exhibits wrinkled and agglomerated structures. Needle like structures were visible at higher magnification.

number of deaths. In the absence of an effective antiviral drug to treat the disease, various treatments are being investigated. Studies have indicated that the juice of the leaves of the Carica papaya plant from the family Caricaceae could help to increase the platelet levels in these patients. In Pakistan 505,430 dengue cases reported. There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Fever reducers and pain killers can be taken to control the symptoms of muscle aches and pains, and fever. The best options to treat these symptoms are acetaminophen or paracetamol. The first dengue vaccine, Dengvaxia but there are not properly beneficial for dengue disease. Carica papaya leave's juice is given to those who are effected with dengue fever they used their leaves as an herbal medicine. Carica papaya leaves juice significantly accelerates the rate of increase in platelet count among patients with dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever.

Jute is one of the natural cellulosic textile materials. It has many advantageous properties similar to cotton. Jute fibre has potential to impart different functionality by different chemical finishing for its diversification. In this research, Water repellent jute fabrics have been prepared by treating Nova TTC (fluorocarbon compound) different ratio and to find out the best formulation recipe. Treating fabrics have been impaired with a water repellent characteristic and showing good rating result on jute fabric .This water repellent fabric was suitable of various jute products for diverse textile uses.

Background: Growing cases of ovarian tumor recently documented in worldwide and developing countries like Bangladesh. Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate menopausal status score and laboratory profile in all cases of Ovarian Tumor. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College, Sylhet from January 2019 to December 2019 where a total of 60 women who diagnosed with ovarian tumor were included as a sample size. Results: During the study, mean age was 41.4 (SD±14.7) years and 42 (70.0%) cases were premenopausal and 18 (30.0%) cases were post-menopausal. In addition, of the benign ovarian tumours 29 (76.3%) cases had ultrasonogram score 1 and 9 (23.7%) cases had ultrasonogram score 3; while of the malignant ovarian tumours 3 (13.6%) cases had ultrasonogram score 1 and 19 (66.4%) cases had ultrasonogram score 3. Besides that, Of the benign ovarian tumours 8 (21.1%) cases had serum CA-125 level ≥35U/ml and 30 (78.9%) cases had serum CA-125 level <35U/ml; while of the malignant ovarian tumours 20 (90.9%) cases had serum CA-125 level ≥35U/ml and 2 (9.1%) cases had serum CA-125 level <35U/ml. Besides that, most common benign tumour was mucinous cystadenoma (26.7%) whereas in malignant tumors case seruos cystadenocarcinoma (23.3.0%) were seen commonly. Conclusion: According to our study we can conclude that, premenopausal women were more prone to develop ovarian tumor. Where in benign tumors cases majority were mucinous cystadenoma whereas in malignant tumor cases,serous cystadenocarcinoma was seen commonly. Also, most of the benign tumor had ultrasonogram score 1 where as in malignant cases opposite scenario was seen.

This research is an exploratory study of the use of English by Benin banking, tourism and travel Personnel. It attempts to examine the communicative needs of this personnel in their workplaces by shedding light on their needs, wants, lacks and attitude towards English. It is a need analysis performed to find out the professionals’ needs of English in their specific area of work. This analysis makes sure that the course will contain relevant and useful skills to learn. It also enables the course designers to achieve a detailed profile of what this category of professionals need to be able to do in English in order to produce a specification of the language skills, function and forms required to carry out the communication described in the needs profile. The current study has been carried out using the mixed methods, qualitative and quantitative methods. The sample consists of thirty personnel to whom questionnaires are distributed by type of work. Fifteen ESP teachers were interviewed. The data was collected by means of questionnaires, class observation, interviews and analysis of the results were obtained. On the one hand the results have shown that the workers’ perceptions of their needs, wants and lacks are greatly affected by their attitudes toward English. On the other hand the results provide a useful input for developing a curriculum or designing an ESP to meet the communication needs of these personnel and thus ensure their efficiency at their workplaces.

Vocational programmes are frequently neglected, and they certainly do not guarantee access to employment and better living conditions. Thus high-quality curriculum and its delivery should always remain part of the story. This begs the question as to what is the effect of critical success factors on curricullum delivery process in TVET institutions. In this regard the study was designed to; To find out the correlation between critical success factors and curricullum delivery process in selected ISO certified public TVET institutions in North Rift Region, Kenya, To access the effect of Institutional Culture on curricullum delivery process in selected ISO certified public TVET institutions in North Rift Region, Kenya, asses the moderating role of institutional culture on the effect of critical success factors on curricullum delivery process in in selected ISO certified public TVET institutions in North Rift Region, Kenya. The study adopted an explanatory research design targeting 735 respondents comprising of Deputy HoDs, ISO champion/HoDs trainers from ISO 9001: 2015 certified TVET institutions in the North-Rift region. This study employed stratified random sampling, proportionate, simple random sampling techniques to select the respondents to be included in the sample. Kerjcie and Morgan (1970) formulae for determining the sample size he sample of the trainers was 252 as obtained using Krejcie and Morgan (1970). The study used questionnaires for data collection. Data was analysed by use of inferential statistics. using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25. From the findings critical success factors such as ISO training and communication are significantly correlated with curriculum delivery with the correlation coefficient ranging of r = .789** and r=.767** significantly. 15.4% percent changes in curriculum delivery in in selected public ISO certified TVET institutions in North Rift region, Kenya could be accounted to institutional culture. With institutional culture moderator, the variables jointly explained 68.6 percent (R2= 0.686) variation in sustenance of curriculum delivery process. There fore the TVET institutions should set instructional cultures which engenders high educational goals and high human values for synergistic effect of employee critical factors and sustenance of curricullum delivery process. The institutional culture must nuture the uptake of ISO training and dissemination of information geared towards curricullum delivery.

Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of the adult eye. Metastatic spread occurs years after curative treatment. The main site is liver metastases, hence the importance of long-term surveillance. We report on a patient who was diagnosed late 4 years after curative treatment, at the age of 53 years, and whose reason for consultation was typical hepatic colic, hence the need for long-term surveillance for secondary locations, specifically liver metastases.

To progress toward sustainable growth, future hydro-power development must pay a bit more attention towards how changing climate may impact hydropower output, as well as make massive action to limit the environmental costs borne by people who live near dams. Long term projections help in providing data for power network risk analysis as well as identifying wind power generation potential in particular places, delivering important data for electricity planners. Hydro-electric power system is an enhanced energy process because it effectively converts mechanical power into grid power, but both are high-energy methods. The utilization of wind turbines for renewable power source has turned out to be one of the greatest viable alternate wells-prings of electricity age because of the little recompense, for instance, being profitable and efficient and environment friendly. Many foundations, organizations, associations, and experts have demonstrated that wind turbines are presumed to comprehend the imperativeness order. In compared to conventional power plants, although wind-power plants have little impact on the environment, concern exists over the noise produced by the turbine blades and visual impacts to the landscape and turbine blade. While wind turbines are connected to the small scale or isolated network, the power product from another source should be varied in reply to these variant and change in sequence to retain system density and voltage with in pre-set limit.

Background: Plant based traditional health care is one of the ancient remedies used to prevent and treat many health-related disorders. Due to increasing cost of medicine in the modern era, people are now moving towards the utilization of ancient ethno medicinal plants-based remedies to prevent and treat diseases as well as to maintain their health. Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem has been used since ancient times as ethno medicinal plant due to its pharmacological and therapeutic potential. Different parts of this plant including leaves, fruit, bark, seeds and flowers can be used to prevent many diseases. Many structurally complex and biologically active components can be extracted and utilized from different parts of neem. Purpose: Purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of different parts of neem as they contain various biologically active components that are beneficial in prevention and treatment of various health related disorders. Method: Science direct, Google scholar, Web of Science and PubMed were accessed to review the therapeutic potential of neem in different diseases. Results: Neem has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-cancer, immunostimulant, orodental, skin protection, neuropharmacological, ulcer treating, anti-pyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-parasitic, anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, renal protection and hematological parameters maintaince properties. Conclusion: There is no evidence of adverse effects of neem in literature. Only the people who are allergic to it can have side effects otherwise it is stomach friendly in all conditions due to which it can be used for treatment of various health related disorders.

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of sigmoid colon is extremely rare high grade neoplasm with poor prognosis. Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma are aggressive mesenchymal tumors. Here we present an unusual case of leiomyosarcoma of sigmoid colon with adhesions and perforation in small intestine. Case presentation: A 65 years old male patient referred to our institute with complaints of vomiting, pain and distention of abdomen .Clinical examination showed rigidity and guarding of abdomen with diminished bowel sounds. Clinically diagnosed as intestinal obstruction. Colonoscopy revealed growth at recto-sigmoid junction. Histopathology of biopsy reported with differential diagnosis. Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and Leiomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the final diagnosis. SMA positive and CD117 negative. Hence diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma of rectosigmoid colon. Conclusion: Colonic leiomyosarcoma is rare and its occurrence in rectosigmoid colon is unusual. Leiomyosarcoma can be differentiated from GIST by IHC marker.

The goal of this study is to determine the level of awareness of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) among Human Resources (HR) Managers and HR officer at various levels in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. To collect data, a cross sectional design using quantitative research methodology was used. Data were obtained from 180 HR managers and HR officers in the chosen study organizations. Theory of green economy underpinned the study. The descriptive data analysis is given in relation to the level of relationship between the variables, and a regression analysis was used to determine the predictability of the corporate sustainability using the independent variables (GHRM). The findings of the study showed significant relationships between the independent variables (green recruitment and selection, green training and green rewards management) and corporate sustainability (r = 310, .469, .417; p < .01) respectively; and F (3, 176) = 30.43, p = .000, with R2 of .342 showed that GHRM is a good predictor of Corporate sustainability. The study recommended that to attain outstanding corporate sustainability, organizations should implement the necessary GHRM practices. Schools should include Green activities in their curriculum so as to inculcate and imbibe the culture of green practices. Finally, the government should incorporate GHRM methods into Nigerian Labour law and promote firms that adopt green HRM.

There are many descriptions of the environment in William Yeats’ poems. From the perspective of new historicism, this paper analyzes the ecological images of poetry from two aspects: the historicity of the text and the textuality of history. Ecological images are those depicting nature and cities. Among them, birds, roses, and Innisfree are the classic ones. Through these images, William Yeats concerns the relationship between the ecology and people. The historicity of the text presents the historical reality of Ireland and Irish life experience. Then, based on the function of literary texts which work as an ecological reality, the thesis explores the assimilation and arrogance of humans in constructing Irish life experience. The textuality of history focuses on fiction and historic reality. Through the images, Irish ecology enters the public. Moreover, William Yeats applies defamiliarization and intertextuality to contrasting the authoritative history and offering a fresh history.

Students’ achievement in core subjects in the West African Secondary School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) has been a subject of concern for stakeholders due to poor performance. The purpose of this study is to assess whether item difficulty is a significant source of variability to the measurement of students’ achievement in WASSCE in Ghana, using the generalizability theory. The study had three specific objectives: (1) to examine the sources of variability (e.g., item) to students’ achievement in WASSCE in Ghana, (2) to assess the dependability of students’ responses in relation to their ability, (3) evaluate how many items are sufficient to provide an optimum measure of student achievement. The one-facet crossed random design was adopted as the research design. Data were obtained from students’ achievement in 2015 WASSCE in the four subjects, namely, Mathematics, Science, Social Studies and English Language. The generalized analysis of variance (GENOVA) was used for the analysis, conducting both G-study and D-study. The analysis revealed that the findings from this study showed that item difficulty had minimal effect on the variability in students’ achievement in English Language and Mathematics. The result further revealed that item difficulty had a significant effect on variability in students’ achievement in Science and Social Studies. Only the English Language test showed relatively low reliability. The study recommended the item difficulty and content structure of the Science and Social Studies multiple-choice test should be evaluated by WAEC officials and their examiners.

Introduction: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is considered as a significant public health problem. In many studies, Factor V Leiden mutation is considered to have significant relationship with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the association of Factor V Leiden mutation with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the out-patient Department of Fetomaternal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from November 2020 to April 2021 (6 months). Sample size was taken as 40 for each case and healthy control group. Result: Mean (±SD) age was found 28.2±4.9 years in RPL group and 27.1±5.24 years in non-RPL group. Maximum number of patients fell into the BMI category of 23.0-26.9 kg/m2 (BMI for Asian women) in both groups. Among the RPL cases, 30% had experienced consecutive 2 pregnancy losses with mean (±SD) number of losses 3.07±1.14. About more than half percentages (n=23, 57.5%) shared the primary RPL group. In this study, normal homozygous FVL mutation was equally distributed among RPL patients and control individuals. Only 2 cases (5%) were found positive for Factor V heterozygous mutation (GA) in the RPL group. G allele occurred in most of the cases (97.5%) of RPL. Two cases aged 25 years and 35 years respectively were found positive for heterozygous mutation of Factor V Leiden. Both of them exhibited 3 consecutive recurrent second trimester pregnancy losses. Factor V Leiden was found in higher prevalence (100%) in 2nd trimester recurrent pregnancy loss sub-group of cases and revealed significant association (p <0.001) between two variables. Conclusion: The impact of Factor V Leiden mutation has not stated any causal association with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. The results do not support Factor V mutation screening as an initial approach in Bangladeshi women suffering from recurrent pregnancy loss.