The nature of diversion regulation in Indonesian law from the provisions of Article 7 paragraph (2) letter a of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Law (SPPA) is ambiguous because it only applies to a crime punishable by imprisonment under 7 years and yet it was made to protect children's right when facing the law. This urges the author to research the weaknesses of this law and what legal reconstruction it needed to reach justice value. This research is a Juridical-Empirical type of research that is used to examine the function of a norm that lays the law as an instrument that applied to society. The analysis used in this research is descriptive-qualitative. The result shows that The weakness that arises in the regulation of diversion with the juvenile criminal justice system lies in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System especially in Article 7 Paragraph 2 point a which postulates that the act must be subject to legal sanctions if the arrangement is in the laws and regulations so that the application of legislation becomes rigid and less flexible as the cases must go through Courts and Criminal Implementing Body (Lapas) as required by law, where because these institutions lack synergy, the processing takes time. This condition is also further worsened with the fact that legal awareness in the community is still not good in realizing justice for all parties, even though the term restorative justice has been circulated in the Indonesian Criminal Justice system. In order to solve this, Reconstruction of the diversion regulation is neded to suit the value of justice which is in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Article 7 Paragraph 2 point a.

Background: The aim of present study is to determine the volume of the mandibular condyle, coronoid process and mandibular body and it’s correlation with age and sex in malocclusions with the help of 3D Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans. Materials and Methods: 3D CBCT (Care stream 9000cc, USA) scans of 150 patients who had Class I, II, and III malocclusions were analyzed with Dolphin Imaging Software V11.9 to measure the volumes of mandibular condyle, coronoid process and mandibular body. Results: In the age group 14.1-18 years, the volume of condyle, coronoid process and body of mandible was noted to be highest. Among the malocclusions studied, the volumes of all 3 variables were maximum in Class I malocclusion. Mean coronoid volume and volume of body of mandible was noted to be higher in males than females while mean condylar volume was higher in females. Conclusions: 3D CBCT morphometry shows volumetric variations in mandible are related to age and type of occlusion. Mandible bone volume also shows sexual dimorphism.

Introduction: Infection with the metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producing organisms is associated with higher rates of mortality, morbidity, and health care costs. MBL producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa was first reported in Japan in 1991 and since then has been found in various parts of the world. Objective: To Assess the Dissemination of Class 1 integron among different MBL producing Acinetobacter baumannii In ICU of DMCH, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methodology: This Cross sectional study was conducted between July 2013 to June 2014 in the department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College (DMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh to determine the frequency and susceptibility patterns of MBL-producers among carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative rods (GNRs) from clinical isolates of a tertiary care hospital. All clinical samples were processed according to standard microbiological methods. Isolated GNRs were subjected to susceptibility testing against various antibiotics by disc diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Carbapenem-resistant isolates were subjected to the detection of MBL production by the E-test MBL strip method. Hospitalized patients who did not give consent were excluded in this study. Data regarding age, sex, duration of hospitalization, antibiotic history were collected using a prescribed data collection form. Results: Out of 22 imipenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. 21 (95.45%) were positive for MBL production. The distribution of MBL genes among imipenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Out of 22 imipenem resistant strains, 21 (95.45%) were positive for blaNDM-1, 20 (90.91%) for blaNDM-like, 16 (72.72%) for blaVIM and all the 22 (100%) were negative for blaIMP and distribution of class I integron among the MBL producers. Among the 21 MBL producing Acinetobacter baumannii, 17 (80.95%) had class I integron. This study presence of class I integron and conserved segment of class 1 integron among the different MBL producing Acinetobacter baumannii. Among 16 blaVIM positive Acinetobacter baumannii. 13 (81.25%) carried class 1 integron and 11 (68.75%) carried conserved segment of class I integron. Out of 21 blaNDM-1 positive strains. 17 (80.95%) carried class I integron and 13 (61.9%) carried conserved segment of class 1 integron. Out of 20 blaNDM-like positive strains, 16 (80%) carried class 1 integron and 12 (60%) carried conserved segment of class I integron. Conclusion: The findings strongly suggest that there is a need to track the detection of MBL producers and that judicious use of imipenem is necessary to prevent the further spread of these organisms.

Streptomycin associated nephrotoxicity can manifest either as nonoliguric acute kidney injury, tubular dysfunction or electrolyte abnormalities including Fanconi-like syndrome or Bartter syndrome. We report a case of Streptomycin-induced renal electrolyte wasting mimicking Bartter’s syndrome.

most destructive and dangerous homicide and atrocities committed against Africans in view of the previous disappointment and defeat registered during the late 19th Century in the first Italo-Ethiopan War of 1895-1896 to the famous Yekatit 12 Affairs of 1937 caused by Marshall Rodolfo Graziani during the first half of the 20th Century. This is very important because a country which claimed to be the Holy Land of the Catholic Church with its international aggressive leaders at the time allowed their colonial diplomatic agents to massacred almost 30,000 Africans in Ethiopia during the 1930s with house burnt to ashes. What have the Italian been thinking of this atrocities and all along other pre-colonial and colonial crimes against humanity? It is true that Italian Fascism and Nazism of Germany committed terrible crimes against humanity in the face of the First and Second World Wars of 1914-18 and 1939-45 respectively. The scrutiny of specialized sources pertaining to this question urged us to use a historical analytical approach to present our argument and the realities of appeasement policy developed by the British and French which granted much opening to such human slaughtering of the 20th Century by frequently yielding to the demands of the aggressors and aggressive statesmen of the 1920s and 1930s whose end results were the two major global wars fought in the World history. In fact, international relations, international affairs, world affairs and international politics become more interesting when going through any study concerning the Italian Benito Mussolini and German Adolf Hitler in the context of international anarchy, aggression and mass killings with references to the blames and war guilt clauses of the Paris Peace Settlement of 1919 and its aftermaths with much bloodshed in the colonial territories for the Italian National Prestige and Aggrandizements in the Overseas Colonies (INPAOC) located in East Africa. Therefore, an attempt of national prestige and consolidation of 3Gs ended up GSA in their quests for 3Es.

In this paper, the researcher presents some reflections on the importance of reading for teacher training with regard to aspects related to frequency, goals and interests of academic reading. For this, studies by Kramer (2002), Cavalcante Jr. (2005a, b), Freire (1993) and Matêncio (1994) are referenced as the theoretical background. Third year Technical Preservice teachers were invited to complete a questionnaire with questions related to their reader profile and the difficulties and possibilities of academic reading. The findings suggest to make the reading of academic texts compulsory for student-teachers to obtain new learning. In addition, the academic reading of texts that relate theory and practice must be constant so that the future teaching professional can base his teaching action on the knowledge elaborated and in reality given in order to form interlocutive skills in reading. Thus, instructors at teacher training institutions must prioritize texts of interest to student-teachers so that they can read them, establishing their reading objectives and also perceiving links with their professional practice, since the frequent use of metacognitive procedures is required when reading academic texts.

The texture and size of manufactured nanoparticles are influenced by the pH of solution media. Due to its wide applications in electronics, coatings, optical materials, and catalysis the alloy nanomaterials are of tremendous interest now days. Turkevich approach is a viable technique for chemical production of GNPs. Nanoparticles of certain materials can be made via "wet chemical methods", in which appropriate compound solutions are combined to make an insoluble compound of the desired substance. Nanowires created through lithography, for example, are not always smooth and can have a lot of impurities and structural flaws on their surface. The Polyol technique is a chemical approach for nanoparticle production. Non-aqueous liquid (polyol) is used as a reducing agent and solvent in this process. A colloidal solution of particles suspended in a liquid phase is known as a sol. The biological production of MNPs has always been advantageous. The reverse micelle approach can also be used to create nanoparticles with specific size and shapes. Chemical precursors are typically a combination of chlorides, metals and oxides that react during milling or heat treatment to generate a composites powder with ultrafine particles scattered in a stable salt matrix.

Aim and Objective: The aim of the study is to present the findings of different pelvic organs by laparoscopy in cases of infertile patient and correlate the infertile patient and correlate the infertility with the following factors: Ovaries – whether ovulation occur or not or any other pathology, Tubes-whether normal or any pathology, If there is any pelvic adhesion, mass or collection, Uterus normal or any abnormalities, Other pathology. Methods: The study group comprised 200 cases of infertile patients who were admitted and treated in the department of Gynecology and obstetrics in BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of January 2000 to December 2001. This patient includes both primary and secondary infertility cases, and the patients of 20-40 years ages were included in this study. Those patients whose husbands had abnormality in semen analysis were exclude from this study and also the patients whose age were above 40 years and below 20 years were also excluded from the study. Before Admission, assessment of these patients was carried out carefully before starting the endoscopic procedures. A full history was taken which was followed by thorough general, abdominal and pelvic examinations then Laparoscopy was performed under general anesthesia. Results: The mean age ranged from 20 to 40 years. Among them 114 (57%) patients were aged between 21 to 30 years. Laparoscopic findings showed that 138 (69%) patients had normal uterus while 62 (31%) had abnormalities of uterus. Among them 18 (9%) had uterine myomas. Right tube One hundred and fourteen (70%) had normal tubes and left tube one hundred and thirty six (68%) had normal tubes. Peritubal adhesions of right tube were 20 (10%) and Peritubal adhesions of left tube were 22 (11%), bilateral tubal block had 6 (3%). One hundred and forty four (72%) patients had normal pelvic peritoneum, 26 (13%) had pelvic adhesions, probably from pelvic inflammatory diseases and 10 (5%) had frank endometriosis. One hundred (50%) had normal ovaries, 48 (24%) in right side & 46 (23%) in left side had polycystic ovaries (PCO), 10 (5%) in ride side & 12 (06%) in left side had periovarian adhesions 10 (5%) in right side & 12 (06%) in left side had simple ovarian cysts and 10 (5%) in right side & 12 (06%) in left side had endometriotic (chocolate) cysts. Conclusion: Ovarian pathology was the highest pelvic abnormality (80%) followed by uterine pathology 31% & tubal pathology 24%.

This study aims to examine how much influence of organizational culture, internal control and integration of accounting information systems as an intervening variable on the implementation of good corporate governance at the Regional General Hospital dr. Chasbullah Abdulmadjid Bekasi City. The questionnaires were distributed to hospital staff and 100 questionnaires were returned. Respondents' answers were then analyzed by using the SEM-PLS statistical assessment. The results of this study illustrate that organizational culture variables have an effect of 10.81% on the information system for accounting integration variable, Variables in the internal control system have an impact of 86.85% on the integration of accounting information systems variable. The accounting information system has the following impact of 95.72% on the variable of strong corporate governance implementation. And the variable of organizational culture, Internal control and accounting information system integration have a favorable and significant impact. of 97.6% on the implementation of good corporate governance, Other variables not included in this study influence the remaining 2.4 %.

Heavy metals are included among leading global pollutants and they get bioaccumulated at different trophic levels of ecosystem and their concentration and associated risk to them of vast range harmful health side effects increases along with the rise of trophic level, not only in humans but also in other forms of life. But microbial remediation can play significant role in biodegradation of bioaccumulation of heavy metals. In this regard, either the addition of suitable microbial strains likes Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, E. coli etc. in ecosystem or their transgenic forms have been found quite useful and further investigations are also required to facilitate not only to developed regions but also to developing global zones.

Background: Skin lesions are commonly encountered worldwide, but they differ in their clinical presentation depending on demographic region. It is essential to diagnose them correctly as management differs for each. Thus, histopathology is required as a definitive diagnostic tool. Aims and Objectives: To study histopathologic spectrum of non-neoplastic skin lesions, to determine age and sex distribution and analyse the histopathologic subtypes of these lesions. Material and methods: 102 skin biopsies received in the histopathology section of the Department of Pathology of a tertiary care hospital in Northern India were studied over a period of 2 years. 5micron thick sections were done and routine staining with haematoxylin and eosin was done in all the cases. Special stain was applied as and when required. All data was recorded carefully and represented in the form of tables/ charts. Results: A total of 102 skin lesions were analyzed, of which 47.1% were detected in age-group 21-40 years and 64.1% being males. Clinically, hyperpigmented patches/plaques were most frequently encountered. Psoriasis was most common histopathologic diagnosis (39%) followed by Hansen’s disease (17%), with tuberculoid leprosy being the most common subtype. Conclusions: Histopathological examination of skin biopsy remains the gold standard technique for diagnosing a variety of skin lesions. In correlation with clinical history it aids in the accurate diagnosis of the majority of the skin lesions.

The present study discusses the use of motivational strategies in EFL classroom by Sudanese Teachers; The study uses a questionnaire to collect the data from the participants (20 Language Teachers, 15 males and 5 females). The study found that majority of teachers use motivational strategies in the class. Out of 21 motivational strategies presented before the participants, only 4 received highest perentages (ranged from 80% to 95%), and around 6 motivational strategies are least used by teachers received lowest percentages (ranged from 25 % to 45%). The study also finds that the pre-and in-service training has significant impact in the teacher’s performance in the class, especially in using the motivational strategies.

Background: Mental health is one of the major public health concerns today. Women, who play multiple active roles in their families experience stress at all levels. This study was conducted to assess the mental health status and its contributory factors in mothers having young children in the urban area of Tamilnadu, India. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 mothers of young children, regarding their mental health status. All relevant information was collected using a pre-tested, predesigned interview schedule and the parental stress scale. Results: This study has shown that 22% of the mothers were at moderate stress level. Correlation analysis has shown that magnitude of stress is higher in mothers with more number of children and the level of stress is high among mothers having low income for their family. Conclusions: A preventive program including screening of mothers for stress and other psychosocial hazard along with sensitising the need for identifying and seeking help in time will help them to have a better mental health.

Nuclear power plants are considered as a vital structure in these days. Heavy weight concrete is used in radiation shielding for nuclear power plants which is characterized by high density of aggregate. Moreover, type of aggregate used in the concrete mix play an important role in obtaining heavy weight concrete. The coarse aggregate which is used in this research is hematite coarse aggregate. Small prisms were manufactured in the laboratory in order to measure the variation in electrical resistivity for heavy weight concrete prisms, one prism is uncracked and the other prism is manufactured with a vertical crack. The objective for this research paper is to detect the cracks using inner electrical resistivity for heavy weight concrete which contains hematite coarse aggregate. The two parameters which are used in detecting cracks are the percentage change in electrical resistivity and the second parameter is Decimal Logarithm Resistivity Anisotropy (DLRA). The inner electrical resistivity measurements were measured two concrete prisms by two methods, the first is linear inner electrical resistivity measurement (LIERM) and the other accurate one is the square inner electrical resistivity measurement (LIERM). This paper is concerned in detecting cracks especially the inner cracks which can’t be observed by naked eyes using non-destructive testing method such as inner electrical resistivity method. It was concluded that the inner electrical resistivity can be used efficiently for detecting inner cracks using the percentage change in electrical resistivity and DLRA which detect the presence of crack inside the small laboratory prisms efficiently.

The dearth of construction materials has been the bane of the global construction industry. In a bid to curb this menace, it becomes very imperative to source for construction materials from discarded and least costly materials from raffia, bamboo and coconut fibers. This research investigates the hydrothermal response of plant fiber-reinforced-polyester composites (PFRC). Imperical methods were used to determine the mechanical properties of PFRC (bamboo, raffia and coconut fiber composites), with the usage of Monasanto Tensometer testing machine. All the samples were chemically modified with 12.5g of sodium hydroxide. Numerical and micro-soft excel graphics were used to model compressive responses of the PFRCs. From the analyses, the compressive strengths of raffia, bamboo and coconut composites are 40, 45 and 38MPa respectively.