Background: Placenta praevia is one of the leading causes of antepartum haemorrhage usually responsible for significant maternal & fetal morbidity & mortality. Now a day, there is rising trend of caesarean section with parallel rise in placenta praevia specially the major variety where placenta lies in the lower uterine segment partially or completely covering the cervical os. Objective: To see the maternal and perinatal outcome of ultrasonographically diagnosed cases of major variety of placenta praevia with previous caesarean section. Methods: It was a cross sectional descriptive type of observational study conducted in the Obs & Gynae Department of Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh over the period of six months from July, 2017 to December, 2017. Total 50 patients were selected for this study after fulfilling the inclusion criteria and diagnosed as major types of placenta praevia by ultrasonography. A purposive sampling technique was applied for selecting the patient with previous caesarean section. Data analysis was implemented using SPSS version 22. Results: The study result shows that 36% cases were Type III placenta praevia and 52% were central placenta praevia. Among 50 patients 54% patients were presented with history of previous one caesarean section & 32% had previous two caesarean section. 50.0% cases of type III & 80.8% cases of central placenta praevia with previous caesarean section needed peripartum hysterectomy. Out of 50 patients, 11 patients were complicated with urinary bladder injury, PPH occurred in 4 patients & 2 patients needed ICU support. That patient who needed hysterectomy massive blood transfusion was required. In this study no maternal mortality was observed. Regarding fetal outcome, 88% babies were alive & 12% were stillborn. Almost two third (66%) neonates were deliverd before term & 08 neonates were transferred to NICU. Conclusion: Placenta praevia is a matter of concern for the obstetrician due to devastating haemorrhage & adverse maternal & fetal outcome. Patients with major variety of placenta praevia with history of caesarean section are regarded as high risk pregnancy & these patients should be managed in the tertiary level hospital by multidisciplinary approach in presence of skilled obstetrician, expert anaesthesiologist, neonatologist, urologist along with all logistical support.

Handloom fabric forms part of our rich cultural heritage. Odisha is a beautiful state enriched with traditional garments that we drape over the body in various styles. The unique traditional products reflect the essence of traditional way of life. Odisha’s handloom includes towels, dhotis, Saris, dress materials and many others. The blending of knowledge takes place through innovations over a period of time as this informal knowledge system evolves, adapts and transforms dynamically with time with materials, process and skill. The study is conducted in Bhulia-dominated villages of Sonepur district of Western Odisha. Basically the study revolves around the various reasons which have impact on the traditional knowledge and skill of the weaving community. The handloom weavers use their indigenous knowledge in the entire weaving process which they have learnt from their parents. We have seen many changes in the weaving and allied handloom works today with the invention of various developed instruments and techniques. The entire tasks they do today are the accumulation of their experiences they have gained inside and outside of the community. Many handloom processes like dyeing, tying, winding, warping and street sizing process are doing with some modification. It helps the weavers to progress the handloom weaving and to increase their household economy.

Physical activity plays a vital role in the prevention and treatment of Type2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) (Hayes and Kriska, 2008). During the COVID-19 pandemic, physical activity is shown to be imperative in helping support a strong immune system (Chastin et al., 2021) and patients with COVID-19 who have been consistently physically inactive have a significantly higher risk of severe outcomes than patients who were doing some activity (Sallis et al., 2021). Therefore, the objective of this qualitative study was to evaluate the sufferer’s perception of physical inactivity and its social determinants among people with diabetes. Interviews were conducted with 14 participants with diabetes aged 40-60 years old living in the UAE in June-July 2021. The barriers of physical activity were explored through in-depth, semi-structured, audio-taped interviews. Barriers for physical inactivity were grouped around five themes: (1)Life-altering COVID-19: the pandemic that changed the world (2)Social and cultural norms: Islamic faith and family are the two most important influences among Arabs (3)Fatigue: prolonged sitting (due to long commute and sedentary jobs) and in some participants post-viral fatigue syndrome due to COVID-19 infection (4)Fear of illness: due to hyperthermia and comorbidities (5)Impact of lockdown. The prevalence of physical inactivity is high among Arabs. Weather restrictions and cultural obligations may lead to reduction in physical activity levels. Therefore, meeting physical activity guidelines can reduce the risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes among infected adults and is likely to prevent increases in diabetes incidence in this population.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in the world. It constitutes about one fourth of the total number of female cancers patient in our country. Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer in females in developing countries and first in developed countries. Objective: To assess the level of awareness among the women attending the OPD of DMCH regarding cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted among the outdoor patients of Obstetrics & Gynecology wards of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1st July 2015 to 30th December, 2015. The study period was only 6 months. 95 patients included in your study. The aim of the study is to assess the level of awareness among the women attending the OPD of DMCH regarding cervical cancer. The sample was collected from the women attending GOPD of DMCH by random sampling. The sampling was done to select the patient according to the eligibility criteria. Results: This study age of maximum women was within below 30 years and the minimum numbers of women were from above 30 years out of 100 women. The numbers of women in these two categories were 84% and 16% respectively. The mean age and standard deviation of total study population was 24.184 ±6.63years.Maximum respondents of our study received education up to primary level (43%)followed by illiteracy (31%). Risk factors were mentioned as genital infection (15.79%), OCP (21.93%), multiple sexual partners (10.53%), white discharge (21.93%), repeated MR (12.28%), many children in early age (8.77%), smoking (8.77%). They heard of cancer from various sources such as Uthan boithok (28%), electronic & Print media (27%), Miking of VIA camp (25%). A greater percentage of the sample 91% reported having information on cervical cancer. However, when asked to describe cervical cancer 50% of the respondents could not. Of those who had some information about cervical cancer, a greater percentage (32%) of respondents gave a general description of a bad disease or fatal disease of the uterus which is curable when diagnosed early. Conclusion: Cervical cancer is a common female cancer but apt knowledge regarding the risk factors and prevention way of this disease may show excellent response. Keeping that in mind, the country policy maker took many projects to campaign against cervical cancer to improve the awareness of community people. As female of reproductive age are one of the principle group of sufferer of the disease so the research work was operated on the married, unmarried, widow and divorced women of this age group. This study proved that the awareness regarding the disease just now is almost unsatisfactory.

Disturbed subgrade soil samples were collected from five (5) different erosion sites in Anambra State, Nigeria. In-situ and laboratory tests were conducted to ascertain the biochemical, physicochemical, and geotechnical properties of these samples. The topsoil characteristics were studied differently from the subsoil characteristics. All the samples considered were non plastic (from Atterberg limit tests). The result of relative size of soil particles in Anambra state reveals a higher mean values of sand when compared to silt and clay. The maximum dry density of the soil averaged (1858.19 ± 52.257) kg/m3 and (1866.986 ± 50.298) kg/m3 for the topsoil and subsoil respectively indicating high compaction values. The sodicity (Sodium Absorption Ratio and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage) of the soil was used to measure the dispersiveness of the soil, and the results show that Anambra state soils are highly dispersive, especially the topsoil. Hence, it is highly related to the erodibility of the soils in the zone considered. Furthermore, correlation analysis showed that there is a considerable correlation between geotechnical, physicochemical and biochemical properties of the soils in the state with the presence of sodium playing a major role in determining the influential properties.

Computational linguistics is a subject closely related to contemporary science and technology. The research results of computational linguistics have been applied in machine translation, information retrieval, natural language man-machine interface, and other important fields. At the same time, with the development of machine translation, problems have also emerged. This paper find out some deficiencies of machine translation and post-editing strategies from the comparison between Youdao translation and manual translation of Report on the Work of the Government 2021. Machine translation is ultimately a linguistic problem. In post-editing, translators should pay attention to context, logical relationships, four-word phrases, and so on.

This paper presents Parsis as a minority community who feel sense of insecurity, anxiety, atrophy and threat in a dominated culture in different time periods. Rohinton Mistry's novels deal with the life of Indians who suffer from communal disharmony, religious Chauvinism, ethnicity and cultural diversities. Such a Long Journey records the anxieties, uneasiness, problems and the distinct identity of a Parsi community within the boundary of India and tried to preserve the ethnic identity of the community. The novel mainly focus on realistic picture of the minority community like Parsis who became the victims of the political uncertainties. Mistry raises some problems of community and cultural crisis which are the main issues under the subaltern studies. There is a message that race, ethnicity or majority are controlling factors on the ideology and cultural make up of particular place where cultural diversity exists. The drift between ethnic culture and majority culture often gives rise to unrest in the national life as well as social structure. It is necessary to steam out the hatred, religious chauvinism and misconceptions through proper channels.

Nowadays the general idea is that grammar has a pivotal role to play in language learning and teaching. English grammar instruction is extremely important for the English learners. However, prescriptive and deductive approaches to English grammar teaching have proved ineffective and boring, because the grammar of a language is acquired not through imitation but through abstracting a set of grammatical rules from language data. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to introduce an inductive approach to English grammar teaching that will help the students to rediscover their subconscious grammar knowledge and bring it to their consciousness, and to show how it is applied in the classroom. At the same time the merits and demerits of this approach are discussed meticulously and elaborately to help the teachers to use this approach in an effective manner in the classroom.

Background: Al-Hijama is an ancestral treatment option used in different societies for the cure of various diseases. Depression is now become epidemic in in several countries. Objectives: In this pilot study we have investigated the probable effects of Al-Hijama on improving depression symptoms with the score of geriatric depression scale (GDS) in local population. Methods: 132 eligible participants were enrolled in this open label single arm pre and post clinical trial for 3 months. Depression was assessed by using geriatric depression scale (GDS) before and after Al-Hijama therapy. Results: The mean score of depression calculated by GDS in study group were 8.95 ± 2.09 before intervention and 6.05 ± 1.54 after one month and 4.63 ± 1.47 after 3 months of continue Al-Hijama sessions. The decrease in depression scale between pre and post intervention was statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Our study showed statically significant improvement in depression after Al-Hijama therapy. In future more studies should be conducted on larger scale to assess the effectiveness of this treatment option.

The most cost effective, essential component for the growth and development as well as to reduce the infant mortality, is breastfeeding, which is often disrupted due to lack of confidence, improper positioning for latching, breast pain, perception of insufficient milk supply etc. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of lecture cum demonstration versus video assisted teaching on knowledge and practice of breast feeding technique among primipara. Methodology: 60 primipara were selected through purposive sampling and divided into group I and group II among which lecture cum demonstration and video assisted teaching regarding breastfeeding technique were applied consecutively. The data were collected by using structured questions and observational checklist. The data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The effectiveness of lecture cum demonstration versus video assisted teaching on knowledge and practice of breast feeding technique among primipara was computed by paired‘t’ test. Comparison between the lecture cum demonstration and video assisted teaching was not significant.

There is a quest and a sustained interest in environmentally friendly and sustainable building materials, for farm structures, as well as for general building construction, due to the availability of suitable industrial materials, by-products and wastes, to which additional value can be provided in their utility and management. The suitability of using wood shavings as partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete production, with cassava starch and sodium chloride (NaCl) as admixtures, was investigated in this study. The concrete was produced with a mix ratio of 1:2:4, and partial replacement of the fine aggregate with wood shavings, at the rate of 0%, 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75%, 5%, 6.25%, and 7.5% (wt. of fine aggregate). Furthermore, cassava starch (2% by weight of the cement) and NaCl (1% by weight of the cement) were used as admixture. Results obtained from the slump and compression tests depicted that, the slump of the fresh concrete and the compressive strength of the hardened concrete decreased non-linearly as the volume of wood shavings increased from 0% to 7.5%. The findings of this study revealed that both the cassava starch and NaCl increased the slump properties of the fresh concrete, and the compressive strength of the hardened concrete, irrespective of the volume of wood shavings incorporated. Additionally, the results depicted that the hybridized concrete produced with wood shavings, cassava starch and NaCl, had a higher compressive strength, when compared to the hybridized concrete produced with wood shavings and cassava starch only. Results obtained from this study had affirmed that low volume of wood shavings, cassava starch and NaCl can be used for the production of plain concrete for farm structures, mostly in areas where metallic reinforcement materials are not required.

The production of the basalt-based composite material was carried out using compression moulding. The selected materials basalt rock, bronze chips, cast-iron chips, glass fibre and phenolic resin were crushed into powder and sieved with a sieve size of 150microns. An optimization model based on the rule of mixture was developed to obtain the volume fractions of the constituent materials and a factorial Design of three levels and three factors was applied to obtained different sets of manufacturing parameters for the production of the samples using MINITAB 18 software. Twenty-seven samples with dimension of 20mm diameter and 8mm height were produced based on the formulation obtained from the optimization model and factorial design, this samples were subjected to tests. The test result shown that the basalt-based wear rate ranges from 9.0X10-5 to 1.52x10-4g/m and by volume is from 4.04x10-12 to 7.97x10-12m3/Nm. The density of the composites ranges from 2382.76 to 2781.33kg/m3. The Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) result shown that the basalt-based composites is thermally stable up to a temperature of 5300C before thermal degradation started setting in and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) result shown that the highest mass degradation occurred at a temperature of 6000C. Hence the basalt rock is a good material that can withstand high temperature.

The beginning of year 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has hit all parts of the world, including Indonesia. This pandemic is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its various mutants and variants. This virus is known to attack the human respiratory system. The virus is transmitted through direct contact or through the air, which makes it Airborne. Even though there are variety of disinfectants that can prevent transmission between humans, not many can maintain the sterility of the room continuously. Disinfectants on its own have a level of danger to humans when exposed at a certain doses and for a certain time. Ozone (O3) is known as the most potent disinfectant. This paper is intended to determine the appropriate placement and dose of Ozone when used in a meeting room at an office, which is widely known as the centre of the Covid-19 spreading in Jakarta, using the Prevention through Design (PtD) method. In designing the right Ozone placement, the existing air system will also be studied. The calculation of the levels of O3 is based on mathematical calculations. The result from this study shows that the positioning and dosing control of O3 can effectively disable/kill the virus, while still considered safe for humans, so that productivity will be maintained.

The increased prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidaemia specifically in the young population necessitates the identification and quantification of literature gaps in the different phases (awareness, screening, diagnosis, treatment, adherence, and control) of patient management in the UAE for better clinical outcomes. This semi-systematic review identified relevant articles through structured and unstructured searches. Studies on adult populations published (2010-2019) in English and providing data on phases of management of hypertension or dyslipidaemia in the UAE were retrieved. Quantitative data were represented as weighted means. In total, 11 studies on hypertension and six studies on dyslipidaemia were included for the final analyses. The pooled prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidaemia was 24.8% and 43.8%, respectively. The estimates indicated that a few patients (range: 6.8%-17.3%) were aware of their condition, where 63.2% and 49.3% were screened for hypertension or dyslipidaemia, respectively. Approximately two-thirds of patients were on antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, whereas 68.4% of patients were adherent to antihypertensive treatment. No data are available on adherence to dyslipidaemia treatment. Control of both risk factors was poor (range: 12.7%-27.8%). The semi-systematic approach identified limited to no data on different phases of management of hypertension and dyslipidaemia, indicating a need for generating country-specific real-world data.

Introduction: Eosinophilia is often identified as part of a complete blood count (CBC) done either routinely or as part of an evaluation for a particular symptom complex. Association of eosinophilia with anaemia most commonly denotes the presence of parasites infection. Parasites relationship with anemia and eosinophilia has been rarely reported due to limited health care access, especially in adult age group. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was started after obtaining the approval from the ethics committee. Patients with parasitic Infections associated with eosinophilia were correlated with their hemoglobin concentration. This study was conducted during the period of January 2020 and March 2021 in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu. Hematological parameters like hemoglobin, eosinophil count and Absolute eosinophil count were obtained using Sysmex -XN 1000 automated analyser. Results: Out off 83 patients with parasitic Infections associated with eosinophilia, on gender distribution we found 49 were male and 34 were female. 25 patients were anemic and 58 patients were non anemic. On grading of anaemia, according to WHO classification 58 cases were grade 0 (not anaemic), 18 cases were grade l, 6 cases were grade ll and only one case was grade lll. Conclusion: Our study concludes, eosinophilia act as marker for parasitic infections. Degree of anaemia and increased eosinophil count in peripheral blood smear denotes severity of parasitic Infections especially in helminths infection.