Competition in the business environment and rapid global developments have created great challenges for organizations, which increases the importance of strategic planning to ensure business continuity despite any potential crises and competitions. This study aims to clarify the impact of strategic planning on the performance of Jordanian telecom companies. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a comparison approach was adopted by reviewing previous studies that dealt with the subject and discussing the most important results that they reached. Accordingly, he concluded that strategic planning has an active and important role in developing the work of organizations so that it will be reflected positively on them. Therefore, we recommend through this study to activate strategic planning in the departments of Jordanian telecommunications companies to ensure more innovation and creativity in light of the intense competition for telecommunications services in the Jordanian market, with the need to develop a strategic plan to be evaluated periodically in line with the organization's mission and vision to ensure that it remains on the path. The correct approach that you seek in addition to the need to set short and long-term goals and strive to achieve them within the set strategic plan, in addition to the scientific contribution, there must be some obstacles represented in Research because this study during the Corona pandemic there was difficulty in collecting data or conducting interviews, so it is possible in the future to conduct this study by addressing a proposed model that addresses the variables that highlight strategic planning strategies on the performance of Jordanian telecom services companies and collect and analyze data to reach a more comprehensive scientific contribution.

This study investigated the ameliorating potential of Annona muricata on Testosterone Propionate-Induced Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in male Wistar rats. Sixty (60) adult rats weighing 150 to 250g were grouped into six (6) of ten (10) rats. Group 1 (positive control) was fed with regular rat feeds and water. Group 2 (negative control), and Groups 3 - 6 were given regular feeds, water, and 3 mg/kg propionate for 28 days to induce benign prostatic hyperplasia. Group 3 to 6 were treated with 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kg A. muricata extract respectively for 28 more days. Semen quality, Benign prostatic hyperplasia biomarkers, oxidative stress enzymes, Biomarkers of cardiac, renal, and hepatic function, Haematological indices as well as testis histology were investigated in treatment groups relative to controls. Results of Groups 3 to 6 show a significant (p<0.05) increase in sperm motility, viability, and count, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in dead and abnormal sperm cells relative to the negative control. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a BPH indicator, showed a decrease and Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) an increase, however, both changes were non-significant (p>0.05). Cardiac biomarkers creatinine kinase MB (CKMB), D-dimer, and myoglobin, as well as liver, were not affected. The photomicrographs showing lesion in negative control were ameliorated by different concentrations of A. muricata extract and the tissues were restored to normal in treatment Groups 3 to 6. Annona muricata possesses ameliorative potentials on testosterone propionate-induced benign prostate hyperplasia. It has a positive effect on spermatogenesis and therefore, can boost semen quality.

The body mass index (BMI) is commonly used in the assessment of obesity and overweight; however, its use in the diagnosis of adverse effects of obesity is questioned. This study aims to explore the agreement between the BMI and the calculated body fat percentage (BF%) in detecting obesity-induced ventilatory abnormalities. We carried out a cross-sectional study on a random sample of 150 healthy male students, aged 17 to 25, with a mean age of 20.8 ± 2.6 years. We measured the BMI, BF%, and pulmonary function of each participant. The students were classified into overweight-obese and normal groups based on the BMI and the BF% results. The Chi-square test was performed to analyze differences between the groups. About one-fifth of all participants had a fat mass ≥ 20%, among which 90% fulfilled the BMI definition of overweight and obesity (p < 0.05). The comparison between the two BF% groups showed that 20% of the overweight-obese group had a significant reduction in FEV1 (p= 0.025, Relative Risk= 3.00, 95% Confidence Interval= 1.13-7.99), and 23% of them had a significant reduction in FVC (p= 0.012, Relative Risk= 3.11, 95% Confidence Interval= 1.26-7.68). The changes in FEV1/FVC were statistically insignificant. The effects of the BMI categories on the dynamic lung volumes were statistically insignificant. The direct estimation of BF% is better than the calculation of BMI in the diagnosis of obesity-induced abnormalities in lung function. The use of BMI as an indicator of obesity in population health studies should be avoided.

In the Regulation of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures, it provides settlement efforts for the plaintiffs and defendants in civil cases. Mediation is carried out by a mediator, either from a judge mediator or a non-judge mediator. The absence of a mediation meeting by the plaintiff or the defendant who has been properly summoned by the court, in article 7 paragraph (2) is stated as behavior not in good faith. In the provisions of article 22 and article 23 of the Regulation of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures, it is stated that legal sanctions can be given by parties who do not have good intentions at mediation meetings.

This study examines the effect of board diversity on the financial performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The motivation for the study lies in the increased quest to establish the most appropriate board with the optimum mix needed to guarantee the absence of corporate failure. The study comprises of 64 listed manufacturing firms as at 31st December 2020, and sample size of 20 listed manufacturing firms were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were obtained from annual reports of the selected firms from 2011 to 2020. Descriptive statistics and panel regression estimation techniques were used to analyze the data collected. The findings shown that board diversity has an insignificant effect on performance except for financial expertise diversity with a positive effect on financial performance, and there is a presence of long run relationship with firm performance. Based on these findings, the study therefore concludes that diversity on the board in terms of gender, ethnicity and educational background will not really improve or reduce performance of the firms while diversity in terms of financial expertise will do. Thus, it is recommended that greater measures need to be taken by manufacturing firms in Nigeria to have a higher percentage of board members with financial expertise, and directors with certified financial expertise should be allowed to stay longer on the boards to guarantee improved performance in the long run.

Atherosclerotic heart disease due to the accumulation of large amount of lipids present in the blood vessels of arteries. Many animal models have been developed to study atherosclerosis, and allow for careful control of experimental conditions, food and environmental risk factors. Experimental animal models of atherosclerosis have become a valuable tool for providing information on the etiology, pathophysiology, and the mechanism of action of various drugs and compounds used in the treatment and complications of the disease. Compared to human models, the animal model is more easily manageable, as the combined effects of dietary and environmental factors can be controlled. Different models have their own advantages and disadvantages.

The aim of this quality improvement practice project was to improve noted delays in the time to antibiotic administration in paediatric febrile neutropenic patients seen at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), Saudi Arabia. Larrabee’s 6-step Model for Change of evidence-based practice guided the project. Clinical audit, nursing knowledge survey, comprehensive literature and international clinical guideline review were used to identify and design a clinical care pathway for paediatric febrile neutropenic patients at KFSH&RC. Post-implementation clinical audit showed a reduction in time to antibiotic administration and increased self-efficacy and knowledge among nursing staff in relation to managing the care of febrile neutropenic patients. This reflects similar improvements seen internationally in other centres following the introduction of a clinical pathway. This nursing led practice change was the first of its kind for KFSH&RC. It demonstrated that with support from key stakeholders, Larrabee’s model for evidence- based practice change can be used for introducing a nurse-led clinical care pathway in Saudi Arabia. Highlights •A new clinical care pathway introduced in Saudi Arabia improved time to antibiotic administration in paediatric febrile neutropenic patients. •Implementing a nurse-led clinical care pathway increased nurses’ confidence with managing children with febrile neutropenia and the skills and knowledge related to the accessing and delivering medication via central access devices •With key local stakeholder support evidence-based change frameworks such as that proposed by Larrabee can be used to improve nursing management in Saudi Arabia.

Chromium (VI) is a thoughtful and common environmental chemical. In nature, chromium can be found both as chromium (VI) or as chromium (III).Chromium (III) is less lethal and definitely adsorbed ins oils and waters, whereas chromium (VI), which is the most toxic form, is not eagerly adsorbed and maximum of its salts are soluble. Numerous bacteria have been noticeable that can change extremely water-soluble and toxic Cr(VI) to unsolvable and rather non-toxic Cr(III), bacterial bioremediation of Cr(VI) contamination is controlled by a number of difficulties, in precise chromium poisonousness to the remediating cells. Cr (VI) is a lethal, resolvable environmental contaminant. Bacteria can decrease chromate to the unsolvable and less poisonous Cr (III). The Hexavalent form of chromium is the most toxic and cancer-causing and produces health dangerous effect. Hexavalent chromium is of specific environmental worry due to its toxicity and flexibility and is thought-provoking to remove from industrial waste water. Reducing Cr (VI) to Cr (III) makes simpler its removal from effluent and also reduces its poisonousness and mobility. So, we can apply the modern biotechnology for the elimination of numerous toxic complexes.

Cement plants use fuel in burning limestone to make clinker in kilns. Due to high cost of fuels, most Cement plants are changing from high-cost liquid fuel like heavy fuel to cheap solid fuel like coal. Ashaka adopt the later. The coal is first pulverised in a ball mill and leaves the mill through a riser duct by pneumatic transport before been used in the kiln as fuel. The riser duct undergoes excessive wear which result in frequent downtime and affect the intendent purpose of fuel substitution. Also, the pulverised coal escaping under pressure through eroded areas on the duct increase the risk of fire and reduce the overall safety of the workshop. Current method which involved patching the duct by welding fail to solve the problem. This work investigates the root cause of the frequent wear of the riser duct by checking the abrasiveness of the coal being transported, checking the effect of the duct profile on wear through simulation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Checking the duct material rate of wear and providing the best solution in terms of cost and feasibility. After simulation using CFD it was revealed that the duct profile contributed to the wear rate. Since changing the profile will be costly, a different solution approach was considered i.e., surface finishing. Different Material samples suggested to be used as surface finishing on the duct were tested for wear at different angles using an abrasive test equipment. The test equipment which conforms with ASTM was designed, simulated using CFD and constructed. The best material with good wear resistance was found to be galvanised steel coated with automobile anti gravel and grounded with P1000. Coating the internal of the riser duct with the above material is considered to be the optimum solution in terms of cost and feasibility.

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy have been a challenge to the obstetricians and researchers since many centuries. Prediction of preeclampsia (PE) in the early pregnancy is of utmost help in preventing the disorder and minimizing its severity. Objective: To evaluate the predictive accuracy of microalbuminuria in early pregnancy for the development of preeclampsia. Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, over a period of one year. 133 pregnant women at 10 – 14 weeks of gestation were included in the study. The group of women with microalbumin excretion 20 – 300 mg/L in a spot sample of urine was designated as ‘exposed’ group and those with albumin excretion < 20 mg/L as ‘unexposed’ group. The outcome variable was development of either Preeclampsia or Eclampsia or Gestational Hypertension. Result: Among 133 study subjects, 13 developed adverse outcomes (PE/GHTN). The pregnant women were predominantly in their 2nd decades of life (20 – 30 years old) with mean ages of the adverse and normal outcome groups being 25.6 and 24.9 years respectively (p = 0.614). No significant association was found between adverse outcome and parity (p = 0.729). The past history of preeclampsia tends to be significantly associated with PE or GHTN (p = 0.048). Nearly half (46.2%) of those who developed preeclampsia/GHTN had microalbuminuria in early pregnancy compared to 23.3% of those who did not have microalbuminuria. The risk having preeclampsia/GHTN in the ‘exposed’ group is 2.5 (95% CI = 1.0 – 6.9) times higher than that in the ‘unexposed’ group (p = 0.037). The sensitivity of microalbuminuria was inappreciably low (46.2%). However, its specificity is optimum (76.7%). The positive and negative predictive values of the test were 17.6% and 92.9% respectively with high yield of false positive and low yield of false negative results. The overall predictive accuracy of the test was found to be 73.7%. Conclusion: The study concluded that presence of microalbuminuria in pregnant women in their 1st trimester significantly predicts PE/GHTN.

Background: Cardiotocography (CTG) records changes in fetal heart rate and their temporal relation with uterine contractions. Its aim is to diagnose the hypoxia and prioritize the babies who need urgent delivery. Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the role and effectiveness of admission CTG and compare the abnormal and normal CTG regarding fetal outcomes. Methods: It is a prospective observational study held in Z.H. Sikder Women’s Medical College & Hospital for the period of 1 year (July 2020 to June 2021). 500 pregnant women were studied in this period. Admission and intermittent CTG was done according to need. Statistical level of significance was set at p <0.05. Result: Total 500 cases were taken as study population according to inclusion criteria and divided into two groups, normal and abnormal CTG. Abnormal CTG includes both suspicious and pathological varieties. Difference in Apgar score, NICU admission and perinatal asphyxia was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: A CTG is a non-invasive, reliable and cost-effective screening method to evaluate the fetal condition and to predict perinatal outcome in high risk and also in low-risk pregnancies. Caesarean section rates may be dramatically reduced by appropriate use of CTG.

The basic rationalization behind Utility Models is that patents are not suited in circumstances where the innovation is mostly based on craftsmanship performed in response to a real but limited need. Over the past few years, the intellectual property regime in India has been able to reinforce and strengthen its roots in the structure of the legal system despite numerous challenges and limitations. But the main question is whether the Indian industry has been able to truly exploit the law of IPR for their growth or not? Going by the record it seems that only big national and Multi-National Corporations have succeeded in extracting the benefits of India’s IPR reign because patent laws of India require a high threshold level of inventiveness which is accompanied with the cumbersome and highly technical application process, which is a quite a costly affair for small industries. In the present legal framework of India, the innovators of frugal or small inventions are unable to patent their inventions under the existing legal regime. The crisis has enlarged due to higher level of inventiveness. The utility model protection system developed to provide an alternate and auxiliary system to protect the inventions having a modulating level of inventiveness. Therefore, this paper intends to present the foundations of a legal framework which can strike a balance between the strong Patent system and a flexible utility model system which has a potential to boost innovation in India. The author in this paper looks into the possibility of legislating a separate law for the protection of utility models to promote economic and technological development.

Lagenaria siceraria (Lauki) belong to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is also known as calabash or white flowered gourd and locally kado. There are 118 general and 825 species. It is found in many countries Pakistan, India, Sri-Lanka, and Africa. The fruit is the rich source of the ascorbic acid, beta carotene and a good source of vitamin B complex. The seeds of L. siceraria contain amino acids, proteins, lignin, and iron. The leaves contain carbohydrates, phytoestrols, saponins, phenolic compounds, tennis, proteins, amino acids and flavonoids. Lagenaria siceraria seed oil has cooling effects and can be applied in migraine type headache. The fruit of the L. siceraria help to reduce the inflammation on the liver and the juice of the L. siceraria on empty stomach in morning is the best remedy liver disease, heart disease, urinary problems and depression. The juice also helps to change the concentration of the urea and uric acid in kidney. The fruit is used for the treatment of the jaundice, diabetes, and ulcer, piles, hypertension and skin disease. It may be the best gift for the mankind.

Mankind is a companionable being and the fact of staying together with varying and various characters usually gives rise to differences. If these differences are not sorted out amicably they may degenerate into disputes or conflicts with far reaching consequences. These disputes may be settled in either a civil or criminal court depending on their nature and the choice of the victim. While the aim of a civil action is to pay damages to a victim who has suffered prejudice as a result of another person’s tortuous act, a criminal action is aims principally to punish an offender whose action offends the society as a whole. The paper however, is concerned with criminal law. The purpose of criminal law is self-protection and to prevent harm to others. In this light, this paper after making clarifications of key concepts, analyze the relevance and actors of sentencing under international criminal law. The paper also seeks to provide the limited province of the judge in sentencing as well as appraise the legal provisions and mechanisms of sentencing in Cameroon and France. In effect, the paper concludes with some salient measures in order to blend theory and practice for effective implementation of Sentencing in Cameroon and France Criminal Law.

Introduction: Sexual assault violates fundamental rights, including physical and psychological integrity and security of the person. The purpose of this work was to take stock of the holistic management of sexual assaults received in the service. Patients and method: We conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive study covering the period from June 2017 to May 2020, i.e. three years. It focused on all survivors of sexual assault received in the unit of <On Stop Center> which houses the Obstetric Gynecology Department of the CSRéf CV of the district of Bamako in Mali. Results: The prevalence of sexual assault was 1.79%. The average age of survivors was 24 years. Sexual assaults mainly concerned adolescent girls (92.20%). The majority of survivors had been admitted (88.84%). They were single (89.80%). The average gesture was 4. The alleged perpetrator was unknown to the survivor in 79.14%. Genitogenital penetration with ejaculation was reported in 70.14% of cases, including 52.40% in a climate of violence. The initial clinical evaluation found recent hymenal lesions found in 13.58% of cases and an intact hymen in 9.42% of survivors. Holistic management included a paraclinical assessment component and a care administration and support component. The drafting of a medical certificate in three copies was systematic. Conclusion: Sexual assaults are relatively common in our department. They are probably underestimated. Keywords: Violence, gender, survivors, bamako.