The development of anthelmintic resistance and the high cost of traditional anthelmintic drugs have led to the evaluation of medicinal plants as an alternative source of anthelmintic drugs. Parasitic roundworms (nematodes) cause significant morbidity and mortality in livestock and cause significant loss of productivity in farmers around the world. Control of these nematodes has relied heavily on the use of a limited number of anthelmintic drugs. However, resistance to many of these anthelmintic is now widespread, and new drugs need to be found to ensure sustainable and effective treatment and management in the future. In present study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of PEE, EAE, MEE & AEE extracts of Cleome viscose Linn seeds. The result revealed that ethyl acetate extract at 50 mg/mL was the most active against Pheretima posthuma.

ICT has led to innovations in various sectors of the economy, including cooperative societies. As a result of innovation, several cooperative systems have been developed, but they do not adequately and effectively meet the needs of various cooperative societies. In addition, their process framework does not embed a generic approach such that the peculiarities of different cooperative can be catered for. Therefore, this paper presents a generic systems process framework for the development of cooperative system using Goal-driven Development Process (GDP). The GDP draws from the principle of an iterative and incremental model with top-down and bottom-up convergence approach for the identification of goals and implementation. HTML and CSS was used to implement the front-end while the back end was implemented using PHP and MySQL. The system was evaluated by 24 stakeholders across 4 cooperative societies. The result showed 71.67% overall reaction to the software, 73.54% screen, 68.13% terminology, and system information, 67.01% learning, and 71.5% system capability with overall evaluation of approximately 70.4% user’s satisfaction. Thus, the research presents a generic process framework that adequately captures the peculiarities of cooperative societies that software engineers will find useful in the development of cooperative software irrespective of the size and the complexity.

The Prison Service in British Southern Cameroons had a constitutional mandate to provide rehabilitation programmes with the goal of transforming the conduct and welfare of prisoners. To deliver this mandate, the Prison Service this article explores the transformation and rehabilitation of prisoners in the British Southern Cameroons prison service which incorporates various types of social and economic activities. The main focus is on the rehabilitation programmes which existed within the prison service between 1922 and 1992. The changes in the laws which necessitated these activities as well as how the prisons were organised to carry out these very important activities are examined. Because of the need to instill inmates with skills and entrepreneurial capacities aimed at facilitating their re-insertion into the society, the correctional institutions moved away from a punitive approach to rehabilitation. This paper discusses the various innovative transformation and rehabilitation programmes that were implemented and designed to enhance the offender’s skills and to encourage their creativity and potentials. In collaboration with missionary societies and other agencies, the government rehabilitated prisoners through various programmes: skills development, psychological services, social work services, and spiritual care. The paper argues that while prisoners left the prison with development skills and knowledge that reduced reoffending and facilitated their reintegration into the community, the increasing number of inmates became over bearing on the resources that the government earmarked for the implementation of rehabilitation programmes.

This paper presents experimental results of retrofitted anchorage system of structural concrete by using Post-Installation of Supplementary Anchorage (PISA) as a implicit strengthening measure and to improve the nonlinear performance of conventional anchorage system in hardened concrete. A total sixty specimens of M25 grade concrete (150x150x300mm) with two different size of rebar anchorage of 12mm, 16mm and five different configuration of conventional anchorage system was retrofitted by PISA technique is verified under direct tension pullout quasi static loads. The configuration of anchorage comprised by straight bar (A1), 90degree bend (A2), 180degree hook (A3), single head bar (A4) and double head bar (A5). The test parameters considered are bond strength, ductility, stiffness and bar-slip and test variables are configuration of anchorage, size of rebar and presence of supplementary steel. The obtained results validated by ANSYS modeling. This study concludes that a considerable improvement of nonlinear parameters such as ultimate load (3-8%), stiffness (4%-17%), ductility (16%-52%) and concrete contribution (6%-23%) by using PISA technique.

Despite the undeniable contribution of the computerized inventory management in hospital pharmacy and the increasing performance of storage facilities, the practice has revealed several shortcomings and difficulties in terms of stock management. The aim of this work is to suggest two organizational approaches that result from a long experience over five phases, which benefited from the commitment of our hospital top management. It’s about the Address-Position Code (APC) and the Internal Customer-Supplier System (ICSS). These two approaches allow us optimizing stock management and securing pharmaceutical products while improving their availability for the benefit of their users. Thus, they could be applicable in other similar structures to master pharmaceutical products flow and stock management.

The research began with a request from the board of directors where researchers working at the hospital asked to prepare a budget based on activities. In addition, the competitive conditions in the hospital industry triggered by various factors require a complete change in the application of management principles in each hospital. Changes in organizational structure, for example, aim to allow flexibility, create a cross-functional team that focuses on patient satisfaction. Changes in human resource management have resulted in performance-based management replacing the function-based management that executives knew and used in the past. This activity-based management requires hospital managers to change the method they use for budgeting, from functional-based budgeting to activity-based budgeting.

Leydig cell hypoplasia illustrates a rare category of 46, XY DSD "disorders of sex development". We report a case of a patient assigned to the female sex carrying a DSD with 46 XY karyotype on Leydig cell hypoplasia associated with pituitary stalk agenesis. This association has not been described yet in the literature. The patient was first admitted at the age of five for failure to thrive (FTT) with an abnormality of sexual development. The FTT was related to complete GH deficiency on pituitary stalk agenesis. Upon investigation, the patient was diagnosed as carrying a DSD 46, XY. The endocrine evaluation revealed low testosterone, FSH, and LH levels with a negative HCG test. The abdominopelvic ultrasound objectified two testicles in the inguinal folds. ²After discussing the case in a multidisciplinary consultation meeting, and taking into account the wishes of the family and the psychiatric expertise, the selected sex that was assigned to the patient was female. At the age of 19, the patient underwent a bilateral gonadectomy and the anatomopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of Leydig cell hypoplasia. Leydig cell hypoplasia is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome, diagnosed by clinical, biological, radiological, histological, and genetic evidence. Its association with pituitary stalk agenesis has not been described in the literature. This syndrome is characterized by the inability of the chorionic gonadotropin luteinizing hormone receptor in Leydig cells to respond to luteinizing hormone, thereby causing feminization of a male fetus. The treatment has three components: hormonal treatment, surgical treatment, and psychological care.

Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certain biomolecules or biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules. Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds (e.g., heavy metals), and microorganisms. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae, can act as biologically active methylators, which are able to at least modify toxic species. Microorganisms cannot destroy metals, they can alter their chemical properties via a surprising array of mechanisms. Different factors affect bioremediation include environmental factor biological factor, availability of nutrients, temperature, ph, and toxic compounds. Among organic pollutants, hydrocarbons may enter in water either directly by spills or effluents or indirectly from atmosphere. These metals are extremely sensitive at low concentrations and can be stored in food webs, posing a serious public health risk. Several microorganisms (natural/exotic/ engineered) having specific metabolic capability and various enzyme production ability which fall under six main divisions include Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases and Ligases (synthetases) are used during bioremediation process. The heavy metals associated with environmental contamination, for instance, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr), which are potentially hazardous to ecosystems. The types of microorganisms that are used in bioremediation processes due to their natural capacity to biosorb toxic heavy metal ions.

Introduction: Placenta previa is a complication of pregnancy, corresponding to the insertion of Anor male insertion of the placenta into the lower segment of the uterus. The objective of our study was to determine the frequency of hemorrhagic placenta previa, its epidemiological and clinical profile and its maternal-fetal prognosis in the maternity ward of Sominé Dolo Hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey type study of 40cas collated with hemorrhagic placenta previa ranging from February 1, 2016 to January 31, 2017, a 12-month period. Data were entered and analyzed on SPSS software (version 16 .0). Results: During the study period we collected on 946 deliveries of which 54 cases of placenta previa among which 40 cases were hemorrhagic placentas previa that is a prevalence of 4.2%. The age group 19-35 years represented 50% of the cases. The epidemiological profile was that of married women (80% of cases), housewives (50% of cases), and multiparous women (45% of cases). The delivery by high route was practiced in 87.5% of the cases and the main indications were placenta previa covering, hemorrhage despite amniotomy in labor, breech presentation and acute fetal distress with respectively 70%, and 6% of the cases for the last three indications each. Fetal mortality was represented by 25% of cases. Maternal complications were represented by hemorrhagic shock and delivery hemorrhage with respectively 60% and 40% of cases. Conclusion: Hemorrhagic placenta previa is nowadays a dreadful event that can jeopardize the maternal and fetal prognosis. Rapid management by a multidisciplinary team composed of obstetricians, resuscitators, neonatologists and biologists, could improve the maternal and fetal prognosis.

Primary Health Care is the first point of contact for most Nigerians with respect to the health care system, but the level of clients’ access and utilization are mostly plagued with distinct problems across geographic locations, thereby impeding sustainable development of rural communities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the intriguing relationships existing among location, distance, and the utilization of government-owned primary health care facilities (PHCF) by residents in Isiala-Mbano, Imo State. A stratified random sampling method was used to select a sample population of 475. Questionnaire and interviews were used to elicit information from the respondents, while geospatial tools were used for mapping the spatial distributions of three Health Posts and fourteen Health Centers. Analyses of data using descriptive statistics, geographic information system, nearest neighbour analysis, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, and student’s t-test revealed that: (i) PHCF’s are randomly distributed within the study area as indicated by the Nearest Neighbour Index of R = 1.164. (ii) Estimated Euclidean distances from users’ houses to nearest PHCFs showed that 66.5 percent of the users live within 1 km and 33.5 percent live between 1 km to 2.3 km from the nearest PHCFs. (iii) Average Nearest Neighbour Distance gave 1.3708 km with good topography. (iv) The ratio of population to health center gave 11,972:1, implying that Isiala-Mbano is adequately served by primary health care centers, but the levels of utilizations were generally very low due to lack of doctors and valid drugs for patients. A test of Hypothesis showed that there is no significant relationship between the distance of primary health care facilities and the level of utilization in the study area. Hence, this study recommended timely health care facility reform through the supply of essential drugs and employment of specialized manpower sustainably to attend to patients in the study area.

This research, on the basis of outcome-based educational theory, using Unit 10 in Book 1, New Experiencing English Viewing, Listening and Speaking by Higher Education Press as the teaching content, aims to design a syllabus for college English class. Focusing on results’ orientation of student, this paper is intended to promote the development of college English class, further improve the efficiency of college English class and also hope to provide substantial support for college English teaching studies.

The Regional Regulation (Perda) is one of the regional regulations jointly determined by the Regional Head and DPRD to regulate regional affairs as stated in Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government junto Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. Regional legal products in the form of stipulations and regulations, regional legal products in the form of regulations are regional regulations and regional head regulations. The problem that will be examined in this research is the authority in the formation of regional legal products in further regulating the provisions of other laws and regulations, the aspect of supervision is very necessary. In this regard, how is the supervision of regional legal products, both Perda and Perkada. The method used is doctrinal or normative legal research. The results of this study indicate that the Regional Regulation contains material for the implementation of regional autonomy and assistance tasks; and further elaboration of higher statutory provisions while the Regulation of the Regional Head is an elaboration of the regional regulation in the context of implementing the Regional Regulation, because the Regional Regulation expressly orders to make implementing regulations of the Regional Regulation in the form of the Regional Head Regulation. The implementation of supervision of regional regulations is carried out by means of preventive supervision and repressive supervision, that regional regulations and regional head regulations are prepared based on the authority and substance of their content that does not conflict with the public interest and higher laws and regulations.

The purpose of the study was find out the perceive impact performance-based assessment on examination malpractice at the SHS level. This study employed descriptive design. A performance-based test was developed by the researcher. The population for the study were mathematics examiners and teachers and public SHS three students in in the western region of Ghana. A multistage sampling procedure was used for the selection of respondents for the study. The study made use of stratified, simple random and census techniques for selecting participates for the study. In all, sample of 240 examiners and 150 mathematics teachers in the western region of Ghana was selected for the study. The instrument for the data collection of the study was questionnaire. Data collected was analysed with means and standard deviation. It was found that mensuration, set, equations and inequalities, business mathematics and algebraic expressions were expressed to attract much malpractice whiles graphs, angles and construction were found to least attract malpractice. The result also showed that PBA could reduce examination malpractice at the SHS level. It was therefore recommended that the West African Examination Council should give a try-out of PBA in the SHS for some selected schools to further ascertain the strength and weaken of the developed PBA.

Our objectives were to identify the most common type and class of poisons, management, lab parameters affected, presence of underlying psychiatric illness, average hospital stay and complications.Retrospective observational study was conducted including all patients who presented with poisoning from 2016 to 2020.From 210 patients reviewed, consisting of 125 females and 85 males, intentional poisoning accounted for 149 cases while accidental poisoning accounted for 61 cases.133 cases were due to drug, 44 cases due to household products, 21 due to insecticide while alcohol, plant and chemical accounted for 4 cases each. Paracetamol was the most commonly misused drug. Most of the patients were managed with supportive measures alone. Antidotes were used in 32 cases. 52 of the intentional and 4 of the accidental poisoning had underlying psychiatric illness. Anticonvulsant poisoning had highest average hospital stay.Only mild variations were observed in lab parameters.11 patients developed complications due to poisoning.

This study aims to determine the effect of gearing ratio, financing to asset ratio, non-performing financing, and efficiency ratio on the financial performance of multi-finance companies. The research population is all finance companies (multi) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021. The sample that meets the criteria is 16 companies. Data were analyzed using panel data regression. The results showed that the Random Effect was the best model. Partially found that the Gearing ratio does not affect Return On Assets (ROA) as a proxy for the company's financial performance. In contrast, the Financing to assets ratio (FAR) positively affects Return On Assets (ROA). Non-Performing Financing (NPF) and Operating Expenses (BOPO) have a negative effect on Return On Assets (ROA).