Successful entrepreneurial start-ups follow somewhat similar pathways towards an entrepreneurial/corporate development and eventually an exit, where investors as well as founders are handsomely rewarded for their contribution by investors who purchase the company or float it in an Initial Public Offering at the financial markets. In this paper, we will explore and combine three different pathways for entrepreneurial companies towards corporation growth: 12 steps in value creation and corporate development, 6 steps in financing and 4 stages in knowledge creation. An attempt is made to combine and simplify the existing models with the purpose of identifying entrepreneurial barriers to growth and suggesting solutions. Furthermore, these models are tested and validated by so called “deep” qualitative interviews of 6 Kuwaiti entrepreneurs who are operating their own startups in Kuwait. The result is a Kuwaiti model for entrepreneurial pathways, pinpointing barriers to growth and ways out of the “Valley of Death” towards rapid corporate growth and entrepreneurial succession.

Background: ALL is a malignancy of B or T lymphoblasts which is characterized by unrestrained spread of abnormal, immature lymphocytes and their progenitors which results in the replacement of bone marrow and other lymphoid organs subsequently. Methods: This study was a observational cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Hematology, in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study period was from October 2019- September 2020. The sample size for this study was 100. Result: Most of the respondents 53(53%) were from <20 years and the mean age was 30±11.18. The female was 68(68%) and male was 32(32%). Fever was found in 100% cases and Progressive pallor in 98%. Bony tenderness was found in 58 cases and followed by Splenomegaly 48, Lymphadenopathy in 46, Oral ulcer in 46, Hepatomegaly in 36. The range of Total WBC count (x109/L) was (6-435) and the Mean±SD was 52.51±78.70 and followed by Hb% (gm/dl) was (4.1-13.4) and 9.25±1.49, Platelet (x109/L) was (5-20000) and 505.20±2815.29. S. uric acid (mg/dL) was (1.40-30.03) and 5.76±4.61. S. inorganic phosphate (mg/dL) was (2.30-7.70) and 4.19±1.20. S. potassium (mmol/L) (2.50-5.40) and 3.92±0.56. S. calcium (mg/dL) was (1.10-11.80) and 8.33±2.08. S. creatinine (mg/dL) was (0.19-3.59) and 89±0.55. In 72% TLS was absent and in 28% was present. Conclusions: Rapid spread of TLS often causes severe toxic effects on organs, which leads to renal impairment, epilepsy, cardiac arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, and even death.

Thyroid benign (TBN) and malignant (TMN) nodules are a common thyroid lesion. The differentiation of TMN often remains a clinical challenge and further improvements of TMN diagnostic accuracy are warranted. The aim of present study was to evaluate possibilities of using differences in chemical elements (ChEs) contents in nodular tissue for diagnosis of thyroid malignancy. Contents of ChEs such as calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), iodine (I), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and sodium (Na) were prospectively evaluated in “normal” thyroid (NT) of 105 individuals as well as in nodular tissue of thyroids with TBN (79 patients) and to TMN (41 patients). Measurements were performed using non-destructive instrumental neutron activation analysis. It was observed that in TMN tissue the mean mass fraction of I was lower while the mean mass fractions of K and Mg were higher than in NT and TBN tissue. It was demonstrated that I content is nodular tissue is the most informative parameter for the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy. It was found that “Sensitivity”, “Specificity” and “Accuracy” of TMN identification using the I level in the needle biopsy of affected thyroid tissue was significantly higher than that using US examination and cytological test of fine needle aspiration biopsy. It was concluded that determination of the I level in a needle biopsy of TNs using non-destructive instrumental analytical method is a fast, reliable, and very informative diagnostic tool that can be successfully used as an additional test of thyroid malignancy identification.

The teaching of physical education teaching is different from other disciplines, sports teaching is not simply to make the students master a few sports action, but to put the knowledge and skills learned in the course become amateur exercise ability, exercise consciously to do outside, so almost all physical education teachers need to undertake to the student interest in sport, but the present school education, Many students are never interested in physical education. This paper adopts the method of literature and logical reasoning to explore this phenomenon, and holds that the reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: 1. Negative life and entertainment, 2. Students under pressure to meet the examination standards, 3. Monotonous teaching content and form. In order to solve these problems and improve the interest in physical education, we need to carry out reasonable teaching design, adopt a variety of teaching means and methods, and pay attention to the classroom and students themselves.

The alarming spread of novel corona virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted to an ongoing pandemic of corona virus disease since 2019. Due to this the virus is popularly known as Covid 19 virus. The world has not been able to get rid of this disease and we are into the fourth wave. There have been numerous changes in the nature of the disease but it is still causing major disruptions all over the world. Tobacco use as smoking is a major cause of mortality as well as morbidity around the world. Nobody can dispute the ill effects of smoking on health. Surprisingly, there have been few reports about low incidence of smokers among Covid 19 patients. This article aims to review available literature on the subject and try to clear the misconceptions on this topic.

Introduction: Non-communicable disease causes over 36 million deaths globally each year. And among the NCD deaths, over 82% of premature deaths occur in underdeveloped and developing countries. Some of the non-communicable diseases like hypertension, diabetes and asthma are emerging as major health problems in Bangladesh. The Bangladesh government has given high priority to research these particular diseases. But although there are many global studies regarding the risk factors of hypertension, not much research has been done regarding the increasing risk of hypertension in rural areas. This study aims to determine the correlation of various factors with hypertension among the population of a rural locality. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the rural area of Dumki upazilla of Patuakhali district. Sample population was selected following simple random sampling technique. Socio-demographic information, information about smoking, family history of hypertension status were collected using a pre-prepared questionnaire. Blood pressure, body weight and height of 255 individuals between the age range of 40-90 years of both sexes were measured and collected. Result: Among the participants, 98 were male and 157 were female. The mean age of the participants was 45.28 years, and mean weight was 56.27 kg. 40% of the participants were aged between 41-50 years and 38.04% were aged between 51-60 years. Among the participants, majority were educated, and only 16.47% were illiterate. Majority of the participants (39.61%) were housewives, and 10.98% were service holders. Only 7.45% of the participants were unemployed. The biggest risk factor in the present study participants was excessive salt intake, present in 64.84% of the participants. This was closely followed by family history of hypertension, present in 61.18% of the participants. High BMI was also present in 48.63% of the participants. Conclusion: Increased BMI and high blood pressure are high risk factors for hypertension. Hypertension was observed to occur more in the female population, and the risk of hypertension increased with age. Excessive salt intake and smoking, Jarda consumption and tobacco chewing are also some risk factors observed in this particular rural study.

This paper presents experimental results of retrofitted anchorage system of structural concrete by using Post-Installation of Supplementary Anchorage (PISA) as a implicit strengthening measure and to improve the nonlinear performance of conventional anchorage system in hardened concrete. A total sixty specimens of M25 grade concrete (150x150x300mm) with two different size of rebar anchorage of 12mm, 16mm and five different configuration of conventional anchorage system was retrofitted by PISA technique is verified under direct tension pullout quasi static loads. The configuration of anchorage comprised by straight bar (A1), 90degree bend (A2), 180degree hook (A3), single head bar (A4) and double head bar (A5). The test parameters considered are bond strength, ductility, stiffness and bar-slip and test variables are configuration of anchorage, size of rebar and presence of supplementary steel. The obtained results validated by ANSYS modeling. This study concludes that a considerable improvement of nonlinear parameters such as ultimate load (3-8%), stiffness (4%-17%), ductility (16%-52%) and concrete contribution (6%-23%) by using PISA technique.

Introduction: Nurses has responsibility in prevention and control of infection in hospitals. Hand hygiene practices, a way to prevent of infection in hospital, but so many factors can influence adherence of hand hygiene practices. Attitude may influence of adherence of hand hygiene practices. Aim: Aim of study was to measure of attitude and hand hygiene behavior among of the nurses. Methods: This study used an observational analytic with study of cross-sectional method. Aim research were to study of relationship between attitude and adherence hand hygiene practice among nurses In-patient Unit District Hospital Semarang. Number of samples were 107 nurses on duty at In-patient Unit of the District Hospital Semarang. The data collected by filling a questionnaire of attitude and observation of hand hygiene practices. The data of demography, level of attitude and level of adherence hand hygiene described by distribution of frequencies analysis, and Spearman Rank Test used to analyze a relationship between attitude and adherence of hand hygiene practice. Results: Attitude of nurses to hand hygiene showed 75,7% positive, and compliance level to hand hygiene practice were showed 63,6%. Relationship analysis between attitude and adherence of hand hygiene practice among nurses done by correlate analyzed with Spearman Rank Test. The results of bivariate analysis r2 0.269 indicated correlated between attitude and adherence hand hygiene, probability result p=0.005 (<0,05) indicated significant relationship between attitudes and adherence of hand hygiene practice among nurses acquired by Spearman Rank Test. Discussion: Attitude may influence adherence of the hand hygiene practice among nurses. Confirmed analysis that good attitude, may increase of adherence of hand hygiene practices. To improving adherence hand hygiene, not only influence by attitude, also influence by rule and procedure and must be same perception about importantly of hand hygiene practice can be prevented of cross infection in hospital.

The development of anthelmintic resistance and the high cost of traditional anthelmintic drugs have led to the evaluation of medicinal plants as an alternative source of anthelmintic drugs. Parasitic roundworms (nematodes) cause significant morbidity and mortality in livestock and cause significant loss of productivity in farmers around the world. Control of these nematodes has relied heavily on the use of a limited number of anthelmintic drugs. However, resistance to many of these anthelmintic is now widespread, and new drugs need to be found to ensure sustainable and effective treatment and management in the future. In present study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of PEE, EAE, MEE & AEE extracts of Cleome viscose Linn seeds. The result revealed that ethyl acetate extract at 50 mg/mL was the most active against Pheretima posthuma.

The Prison Service in British Southern Cameroons had a constitutional mandate to provide rehabilitation programmes with the goal of transforming the conduct and welfare of prisoners. To deliver this mandate, the Prison Service this article explores the transformation and rehabilitation of prisoners in the British Southern Cameroons prison service which incorporates various types of social and economic activities. The main focus is on the rehabilitation programmes which existed within the prison service between 1922 and 1992. The changes in the laws which necessitated these activities as well as how the prisons were organised to carry out these very important activities are examined. Because of the need to instill inmates with skills and entrepreneurial capacities aimed at facilitating their re-insertion into the society, the correctional institutions moved away from a punitive approach to rehabilitation. This paper discusses the various innovative transformation and rehabilitation programmes that were implemented and designed to enhance the offender’s skills and to encourage their creativity and potentials. In collaboration with missionary societies and other agencies, the government rehabilitated prisoners through various programmes: skills development, psychological services, social work services, and spiritual care. The paper argues that while prisoners left the prison with development skills and knowledge that reduced reoffending and facilitated their reintegration into the community, the increasing number of inmates became over bearing on the resources that the government earmarked for the implementation of rehabilitation programmes.

ICT has led to innovations in various sectors of the economy, including cooperative societies. As a result of innovation, several cooperative systems have been developed, but they do not adequately and effectively meet the needs of various cooperative societies. In addition, their process framework does not embed a generic approach such that the peculiarities of different cooperative can be catered for. Therefore, this paper presents a generic systems process framework for the development of cooperative system using Goal-driven Development Process (GDP). The GDP draws from the principle of an iterative and incremental model with top-down and bottom-up convergence approach for the identification of goals and implementation. HTML and CSS was used to implement the front-end while the back end was implemented using PHP and MySQL. The system was evaluated by 24 stakeholders across 4 cooperative societies. The result showed 71.67% overall reaction to the software, 73.54% screen, 68.13% terminology, and system information, 67.01% learning, and 71.5% system capability with overall evaluation of approximately 70.4% user’s satisfaction. Thus, the research presents a generic process framework that adequately captures the peculiarities of cooperative societies that software engineers will find useful in the development of cooperative software irrespective of the size and the complexity.

Primary Health Care is the first point of contact for most Nigerians with respect to the health care system, but the level of clients’ access and utilization are mostly plagued with distinct problems across geographic locations, thereby impeding sustainable development of rural communities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the intriguing relationships existing among location, distance, and the utilization of government-owned primary health care facilities (PHCF) by residents in Isiala-Mbano, Imo State. A stratified random sampling method was used to select a sample population of 475. Questionnaire and interviews were used to elicit information from the respondents, while geospatial tools were used for mapping the spatial distributions of three Health Posts and fourteen Health Centers. Analyses of data using descriptive statistics, geographic information system, nearest neighbour analysis, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, and student’s t-test revealed that: (i) PHCF’s are randomly distributed within the study area as indicated by the Nearest Neighbour Index of R = 1.164. (ii) Estimated Euclidean distances from users’ houses to nearest PHCFs showed that 66.5 percent of the users live within 1 km and 33.5 percent live between 1 km to 2.3 km from the nearest PHCFs. (iii) Average Nearest Neighbour Distance gave 1.3708 km with good topography. (iv) The ratio of population to health center gave 11,972:1, implying that Isiala-Mbano is adequately served by primary health care centers, but the levels of utilizations were generally very low due to lack of doctors and valid drugs for patients. A test of Hypothesis showed that there is no significant relationship between the distance of primary health care facilities and the level of utilization in the study area. Hence, this study recommended timely health care facility reform through the supply of essential drugs and employment of specialized manpower sustainably to attend to patients in the study area.

Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certain biomolecules or biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules. Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds (e.g., heavy metals), and microorganisms. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae, can act as biologically active methylators, which are able to at least modify toxic species. Microorganisms cannot destroy metals, they can alter their chemical properties via a surprising array of mechanisms. Different factors affect bioremediation include environmental factor biological factor, availability of nutrients, temperature, ph, and toxic compounds. Among organic pollutants, hydrocarbons may enter in water either directly by spills or effluents or indirectly from atmosphere. These metals are extremely sensitive at low concentrations and can be stored in food webs, posing a serious public health risk. Several microorganisms (natural/exotic/ engineered) having specific metabolic capability and various enzyme production ability which fall under six main divisions include Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases and Ligases (synthetases) are used during bioremediation process. The heavy metals associated with environmental contamination, for instance, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr), which are potentially hazardous to ecosystems. The types of microorganisms that are used in bioremediation processes due to their natural capacity to biosorb toxic heavy metal ions.

Despite the undeniable contribution of the computerized inventory management in hospital pharmacy and the increasing performance of storage facilities, the practice has revealed several shortcomings and difficulties in terms of stock management. The aim of this work is to suggest two organizational approaches that result from a long experience over five phases, which benefited from the commitment of our hospital top management. It’s about the Address-Position Code (APC) and the Internal Customer-Supplier System (ICSS). These two approaches allow us optimizing stock management and securing pharmaceutical products while improving their availability for the benefit of their users. Thus, they could be applicable in other similar structures to master pharmaceutical products flow and stock management.

Introduction: Placenta previa is a complication of pregnancy, corresponding to the insertion of Anor male insertion of the placenta into the lower segment of the uterus. The objective of our study was to determine the frequency of hemorrhagic placenta previa, its epidemiological and clinical profile and its maternal-fetal prognosis in the maternity ward of Sominé Dolo Hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey type study of 40cas collated with hemorrhagic placenta previa ranging from February 1, 2016 to January 31, 2017, a 12-month period. Data were entered and analyzed on SPSS software (version 16 .0). Results: During the study period we collected on 946 deliveries of which 54 cases of placenta previa among which 40 cases were hemorrhagic placentas previa that is a prevalence of 4.2%. The age group 19-35 years represented 50% of the cases. The epidemiological profile was that of married women (80% of cases), housewives (50% of cases), and multiparous women (45% of cases). The delivery by high route was practiced in 87.5% of the cases and the main indications were placenta previa covering, hemorrhage despite amniotomy in labor, breech presentation and acute fetal distress with respectively 70%, and 6% of the cases for the last three indications each. Fetal mortality was represented by 25% of cases. Maternal complications were represented by hemorrhagic shock and delivery hemorrhage with respectively 60% and 40% of cases. Conclusion: Hemorrhagic placenta previa is nowadays a dreadful event that can jeopardize the maternal and fetal prognosis. Rapid management by a multidisciplinary team composed of obstetricians, resuscitators, neonatologists and biologists, could improve the maternal and fetal prognosis.