People in the rural regions of the developing countries where electricity supply is not available are facing the problems of preserving their food through refrigeration. They need affordable and efficient method of food preservation. Therefore, a solar operated refrigerator was designed, constructed and evaluated. The system consists of three major parts, namely: the mild steel box (0.4 𝑚 × 0.4 𝑚 × 0.5 𝑚), the clay shell and the wooden box (0.5 𝑚 × 0.5 𝑚 × 0.6 𝑚). The mild steel box is enclosed in a clay shell, which is in turn enclosed in a wooden box with four open ducts. The work evaluated convective heat transfer through the ducts and the machine was tested on no load and also by using it to cool 40 kg of water for seven consecutive days over a period of eight hours per day. The results from its performance tests indicated that the system has a cooling process coefficient of performance (COP) of 2.48 and overall coefficient of performance (COP) of 1.64.

The massive demand for global transformations describes the necessity of high-speed communication in the twenty-first century. Almost every facet of online networks is changing, including international relations, politics, trade, and security. However, cyber security has become a major issue all around the world. Bangladesh has recently taken the required steps to address the problem as swiftly as feasible. In order to prevent and combat cyber threats, the government of Bangladesh plans to establish a specialized computer incident response team (CIRT) for banks and financial institutions, which will serve as the national response team responsible for receiving, reviewing, and responding to computer security incidents and activities in Bangladesh. Implementing strong and multilayer authentication to better management of the data, as well as discovering and mapping out security issues, some major initiatives are required to implement cyber security. Engineers should obtain hands-on training in decoding corrupted data files during any cyber-attack in order to recover data from any lost data. In this review, cyber security challenges in smart cities and smart governance have been examined, with an emphasis on e-commerce, machine learning, industry automation, IoT, and other security elements. The main cyber security concerns are discussed in order to better comprehend almost every necessity of long-term cyber security situations. Moreover, smart industry control and its security infrastructure, problems for implementation in Bangladesh and recent security issues have been highlighted.

The physicochemical properties of the extracted oil from almond seed were investigated. Physical properties such as cloud point, pour point, fire point, smoke point, specific gravity, refractive index, and viscosity; and the chemical properties such as acid value, free fatty acid, saponification value, iodine value, ester value, and peroxide value were investigated for both raw almond oil and transesterified almond oil. The various properties were investigated using ASTM standard methods and calculations. Results obtained for physical properties: cloud point, pour point, fire point, smoke point, specific gravity, refractive index, and kinematic viscosity were 〖-3〗^o C, 〖-9〗^o C, 〖220〗^o C, 〖130〗^o C, 0.928, 1.462, 21.84 〖mm〗^2/sec respectively for the transesterified almond oil. Result obtained for the chemical properties of the transesterified almond oil: acid value, free fatty acid, saponification value, iodine value 〖mgI〗_2/g, and ester value, values were determined to be: 2.05, 1.03, 79.71, 34.33, and 77.66. It was concluded that transesterified Almond oil have a great potential for use as fuel alternative and substitute for internal combustion engine with its high purity, low corrosion ability and ease of ignition.

In this research, alternative Raman amplifier configuration were used in a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-passive optcal network (PON) system to investigate their effects on channel capacity and signal quality. Because of its scalability, energy efficiency, high capacity, low cost, and flexibility of data transfer ability, various Raman configurations are applied in different position to measure the output power. We used various techniques to evaluate the system performance such as varying the length of an optical fiber from 10 to 100 kms, number of users by increasing 8 to 16 channels. Various channel spacings are utilized in an 8 and 16 channels WDM system to calculate the system's bit error rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Another key concern is the high data rate and to achieve the maximum transmission speed. We get the maximum data rate of 128 Gb/s by 8 channels and 192 Gb/s by 16 channels. The maximum BER was 10-9and noise level was -6.35 dBm associated with the distance which was 70 kilometers long fiber channel. Finally, maximum data rate and its related eye diagrams was evaluated.

The research was carried out at the Daarul Qur'an tahfizh house in Yogyakarta, which was established by the PPPA Daarul Qur'an, a partner, or an independent that recorded in the Rumah Tahfizh Center (RTC) of PPPA Daarul Quran. This research is a type of qualitative research. Along with this method, the researcher took 14 (fourteen) Tahfizh houses from a population of 42 (Forty-two) Tahfizh houses as a sample and using purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The establishment of the Tahfizh house in Yogyakarta became the pioneer of the Tahfizh house movement in Indonesia. From that time onwards, the establishment of many Tahfizh houses turns into a movement to form the memorizers of the Qur'an cadres. This research will contribute positively to the development of the tahfizh house database, it's curriculum,

Conservation agriculture practices (CA) is a management for available organic matter resources and considered important measures to enable farming in accordance with the principles of sustainable agriculture. The two-years experiment were performed on the soil under wheat crop. CA practices can help to decrease the area and duration for exposed soil to water erosion by increased soil aggregate size distribution, soil porosity, soil moisture and soil organic matter. Soil organic matter (SOM) is an important indicator of soil fertility and productivity because of its crucial role in soil chemical, physical and biological properties. CA leaves a soil organic mulch at the soil surface, which decreases runoff and soil loss. On other hand, soil mulch with plant residue as a component of CA is increased soil content of SOM. The least total cost for cultivation wheat crops under rainfed agriculture of Egypt achieved at conservation agriculture with No-tillage treatment (CANT) while the highest cost achieved at traditional agriculture (TA) treatment. The best results of decreased soil loss, increased SOM and wheat crop yield obtained when continue to apply conservation practices for more than one season. Indeed, our results showed the soil loss decreased about (56%) while wheat grain yield and SOM increased about (7% and 45%) respectively when using CA at the second season compared to TA. Conservation agriculture signifies environmentally friendly technologies reduce of climate related risks.

Introduction: Adnexal masses consist of anomalies which can be noticed in any age of women. These abnormalities determine different features during reproductive age, entail surgical treatment, and are monitored with clinical and laboratory findings. Adnexal masses may result from benign or malignant lesions of ovarian, tubal, and para tubal origin, as well as pregnancy-related causes such as ectopic pregnancy. The study intends to evaluate the adnexal masses by laparoscopy among patients admitted to Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from March 2016 to August 2016. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. The sample was collected by the purposive consecutive sampling method. Subjects were selected by appropriate inclusion criteria. Data were collected after appropriate verbal consent from the guardian of patients and the result was subjected to standard statistical evaluation and was analyzed by the SPSS programme. Result: This study shows the average age was 27.82 years. Regarding parity majority (31, 62.0%) were nulliparous women and the majority (31, 62.0%) were from a lower-middle-class families. The primary complaints in the study group (27, 54.0%) were dysmenorrhoea followed by infertility (21, 42%). Eighteen women (18, 36.0%) complained of dyspareunia. Twenty-six patients (26, 52.0%) had tender mass. Size of the uterus, twenty-two (22, 44%) patients had an enlarged uterus. The commonest finding was tubo-ovarian mass in thirteen (13, 26.0%) patients followed by an endometriotic cyst in twelve patients (12, 24%). The findings of diagnostic laparoscopy, maximum (22, 44.0%) were enlarged uterus followed by fourteen patients (14, 28.0%) who had ovarian cysts. Conclusion: This study observed laparoscopic findings are far way better than ultrasonography. As a result, laparoscopy is a gold standard for the estimation of patients with pelvic adnexal masses.

The principal focus of the anaesthetist during surgical intervention in a patient with cervical myelopathy is to prevent further deterioration of the neurological system while delivering anaesthetic care. Successful surgical outcome of these patients requires a detailed preoperative review, careful and knowledge based peri-operative anaesthesia care plan and a robust collaboration between the anaesthetic and neuro-surgical teams. We report the case of a 76year old male medical doctor who presented with progressively worsening symptoms of cervical myelopathy and subsequently had laminectomy and decompression under general anaesthesia relaxant technique. We aim to highlight the place of detailed anaesthetic care plan in the successful management of this patient who was assessed as high risk for both a difficult airway and peri-operative anaesthetic complications associated with anaesthesia for cervical laminectomy and decompression.

Oxidative stress is often associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). It has been reported to cause infertility in males. Diagnosed at an advanced phase, DM-associated complications may not be reversed by standard therapy alone. This study therefore investigated whether zinc given alongside insulin may reverse or ameliorate oxidative stress induced by DM. Five normal rats was assigned into the normal control group. Twenty diabetic rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. The first group had no treatment throughout the experiment. The second group were administered insulin two times daily at one and four units in the morning and evening. The third group had oral zinc (10mg/kg). The fourth group had a combination of insulin and zinc at doses as above. Treatments in all cases commenced after two weeks of DM induction and lasted ten days. Testes were harvested and assayed for parameters. DM decreased SOD, GPx, GSH and increased MDA. While insulin or zinc increased SOD, GPx, GSH and decreased MDA, insulin and zinc in combination had better results.

Many ethnomedical researchers describe medicinal plants and the way they are used. In this research, the authors look at how a traditional healer can find a proper medical treatment. The decision-finding is influenced by the ideas of the local cultures regarding the treatment. In qualitative research, various healers were observed and interviewed. It was discovered that different elements influenced the decision-finding process like reference materials, experience and intuition. Furthermore, there are certain peculiar ways how to categorize a plant and decide whether the treatment needs a combination of plants or can be used without other medicinal plants. The healers are embedded in their environment. Therefore, certain concepts and cognitive patterns are essential for both the culture and the traditional medicine.

The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in freshly hot mixed asphalt (HMA) can save on material costs, preserve energy, and protect the environment. Employing limited amount of RAP in the production of asphalt mixes can result in similar performance as normal mixtures. However, adding more RAP can reduce the HMA’s mixing efficiency and could make the asphalt mixture more susceptible to fatigue and low-temperature cracking. Vegetable oil can act as a rejuvenator and reduce the HMA deficiencies with a high RAP percentage. This study investigated the potential effect of two vegetable oils; namely soybean oil (SOY) and sunflower oil (SnF), as rejuvenators on the properties of asphalt binders that contain 40% of RAP binder. To determine the optimum dosage of the rejuvenators (SOY and SnF), the properties of the rejuvenated RAP binders were carried out by conducting the penetration, softening point, viscosity, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests. The test results indicated that vegetable oils could provide better fatigue and low-temperature cracking resistance with acceptable rutting performance. Furthermore, it is observed that, for the abovementioned properties, the addition of the 6%SOY and 3%SnF were more feasible in restoring the 40RAP binder to its original properties.

This study investigated the influence of innovative assessment on quality education in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted the correlation research design. The population for the study was made up of all the teachers in the senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The proportionate stratified simple random sampling technique was used to draw 300 teachers as the sample size of the study. The instrument for data collection was titled “Influence of Innovative Assessment on Quality Education (INAQE)” designed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by experts in instrument designers, Quality Assurance and Measurement and Evaluation. In the internal consistency of the instrument the RULON statistical technique was used. Five research questions were answered using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) while the five hypotheses were tested by transforming the scores to t-test statistics at 5% probability level. The results showed significant relationship between teachers’ innovative assessment of, for and as learning and quality education, teachers’ innovative assessment skills and quality education, teachers’ non-uniformity in the innovative assessment techniques and quality education, teachers’ innovative assessment of large class size and quality education. Consequently, recommendation such as teachers to employ the use of innovative assessment of, for and as learning, Federal and States ministries of education to commence the training of teachers on innovative assessment to enhance quality education.

The purpose of this study is to describe the influence of: the role of parents with independence, the role of parents with social behavior, parenting styles of parents with independence, parenting patterns with children's social behavior, social behavior with independence, the role of parents with independence through social behavior., and parenting style with independence through social behavior. The research sample consisted of 186 children aged 5-6 years in TK Gugus Kemuning, Central Banjarmasin District. The results showed: (1) that the role of the parents, the role of the parents and the independence, was in the high category, the parenting style of the parents tended to use democratic parenting and social behavior was in the medium category; there is influence; There is an influence of the role of parents on social behavior by; (2) There is an effect of parenting style on social behavior of 0.336; (3) There is an effect of the role of parents on independence of 0.288; (4) There is an effect of parenting style on independence of 0.258; (5) There is an effect of social behavior on independence of 0.218; (6) There is an effect of the role of parents on independence through social behavior of 0.119. (7) There is an effect of parenting style on independence through social behavior of 0.073.

A study was conducted for the isolation and identification of soil micro-flora in rhizosphere of B. racemosa (L.) Spreng and R. serpentine (L.) Benth. ex Kurz, trees from Western Ghats region of Uttar Kannada, Karnataka, India. Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere of B. racemosa and R. serpentine plants, during the months of February 2022. Soil microbes were isolated by using soil dilution technique. The total number of bacteria isolated from B. racemose and R. serpentinais rhizosphere is 2,666,600 and 4,461,160 per gram of soil respectively. The rhizospheric fungal isolates present in B. racemosa and R. serpentina plants is 3,281,200 and 1,946,200 per gram of soil respectively. In B. racemosa rhizosphere, the percentage contribution is Penicillium sp with 13.679%, In R. serpentine rhizosphere, the highest percentage contribution is Cladosporium sp., Trichoderma sp.with17.663% and 17.391% respectively. In rhizosphere of B. racemose, 19 different species belonging to 15 genera were isolated; among which Penicillium species is dominating over other fungal species isolated. In rhizosphere of R. serpentina, 18 different species belonging to 11 genera were observed; among which Trichoderma sp.is dominating over other fugal species isolates. The most frequently isolated fungi from the rhizosperes of B. racemosa and R. serpentine plants are Penicillium sp and Trichoderma sp.For the first time the rhizospheric micro-flora i.e., bacteria and fungi was reported from B. racemose soil sample collected from Western Ghats region of Uttara Kannada. For the first time the rhizospheric myco-flora was reported from R. serpentine soil samples collected from Western Ghats region of Uttara Kannada. All the bacteria and fungi isolated was new report to Wester Ghats region of Uttar Kannada, Karnataka, India.

The testimony of witnesses as one of the most important proofs of a lawsuit is effective in both court and arbitration cases. This article examines the acceptance of witness testimony and its process in cyberspace, as well as how intuition is Challenge in Iranian law and some legal systems. In this article, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method. The authors intend to discuss the Hearing the testimony of witnesses in cyberspace arbitration comparatively in US, European and Iranian arbitration systems. And in continuation of the legal and judicial validity of this method of hearing testimony, as well as how to denial witnesses, and finally the opportunities and challenges in the process of hearing witnesses in cyberspace arbitration should be examined.