Background: Malnutrition among preschool children is still a serious public health problem in Nigeria and other developing countries. The critical role fathers play in providing support in improving infant, young child and maternal nutrition cannot be overemphasized. Therefore, the current study seeks to explore the level of male involvement in infant and young child nutrition and its association with nutritional status. Methodology: A cross sectional study among 190 households, 5 focus group discussions, and 5 key informant interviews were conducted in Birnin Kebbi metropolis of Kebbi State in Nigeria. Anthropometric measurement, biochemical and physical evaluation were used to assess nutritional status of preschool children of the respondents. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews conducted and summarized into themes. Results: The study revealed that higher percentage of the males provided money to buy food for the children (93.6%), and only 9.8% have ever accompanied mothers to young child clinics. Conclusion: In this study, most males were involved in buying food for their children, and providing money for transport to young child clinics was associated with normal nutritional status of children less than 5 years in the study area.

It is well-established that the position of fraud crime has gradually shifted from traditional offline fraud to online telecom fraud. Among them, “Pig-Butchering Scam”, as a new type of fraud, was listed as one of the ten most prevalent fraud crimes by the National Anti-Fraud Center of China in February 2021. This study focuses on the victims of “Pig- Butchering Scam” cases, aiming to find out what common susceptibility traits or potential victimization factors the victims have, and how to cut off their false representations from the “susceptibility” to the behavioral dimension through effective interventions, in order to refine the psychological induction mechanism of emotion-based telecom fraud through this study. The purpose of this study is to refine the psychological induction mechanism of emotional telecommunication fraud. We have conducted field surveys and semi-structured interviews on victims’ personalities and analyzed their common characteristics. The results were similar to our hypothesis: the vast majority of victims generally showed a tendency to have low self-identity in the dimension of self-esteem, especially interpersonal-social self-esteem. This result suggests that people with low self-esteem, especially those with low interpersonal social self-esteem, are more likely to be potential victims of the “Pig-Butchering Scam”.

Introduction: Eclampsia (Greek, “shining forth”) is an acute and life-threatening complication of pregnancy, and is characterized by the appearance of tonic-clonic seizure, usually in a patient who had developed pre-eclampsia. Pre- eclampsia and eclampsia are collectively called hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and toxemia of pregnancy. This study aimed to analyze the feto-maternal outcome of preterm eclampsia and its relationship with the mode of delivery. Methods: This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted at the eclampsia unit of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study was carried out from February 2012 to July 2012. A total of 92 subjects were enrolled in this study as per inclusion criteria. Result: In this study, the prevalence of eclampsia was 10.12%, and preterm eclampsia was 1.31%. The majority of the patients (48.91%) were within 20-25 years of age, and only 1.09% were >30 years of age. Most of the patients were primi gravida (78.26%). The majority of the patients (54.35%) reported within 3-5 hours. Most of the patients came at 33-34 weeks gestation, but quite a significant percentage (30%) came at 28-32 weeks of gestation. A large number of patients delivered spontaneously, a fair number of patients were induced & a few patients required LSCS. In both SVD & induced groups, the majority of the patients (62% & 66% respectively) were delivered within 7-12 hours. In the SVD group, 10% of patients were delivered within 6 hours whereas in the cesarean section group 85% of patients were delivered within 6 hours. Maximum patients (81%) had induction delivery intervals between 7-12 hours. 12 (60%) patients had LSCS done due to fetal distress, 2 (10%) due to previous H/O LSCS, 1 (5%) due to primi gravida with a twin pregnancy, and 5(25%) due to primi gravida with breech presentation. Of patients who presented at 28-32 weeks of gestation, among them 16 had SVD, 11 patients had induction of labor, and LSCS was done in only one case & which was stillborn. The majority of the babies in the SVD & induced group developed asphyxia (81% & 90% respectively) and the majority needed admission to NICU (62% & 73% respectively). PND was also high (>50%) in both groups. Of patients who presented at 33-34 weeks of gestation, 19 had SVD, 15 patients had induction of labor, and only 4 patients required LSCS. A significant number of babies in all three groups (42%, 47% & 100% respectively) were healthy. Although in SVD & induced groups a large number of babies developed asphyxia (58% & 47% respectively) and admission was required in NICU 26% in both groups. PND was few in both groups. For patients who presented at 35-36 weeks of gestation, the majority was delivered by LSCS (15) & outcomes of babies were good in this group as well as in the SVD group. Only one baby developed birth asphyxia. The maternal outcome was good in all three groups (85%, 91%, & 100% respectively). No maternal complication occurred in the cesarean section group. In SVD & induced group few maternal complications occurred such as recurrent convulsion (12% & 13% respectively), CVD (single case in both groups), pulmonary edema (1), HELLP syndrome (1), and septicemia (1). Three mothers die in SVD & induced group. Conclusion: This study concluded that early-onset eclampsia has been associated with worse perinatal outcomes. Gestational age <32 weeks who do not go into labor spontaneously may offer induction, as the cesarean section does not carry any good prognosis to the fetus but rather increases morbidity to the mother. When gestational age crosses >33 weeks, a complete evaluation of the fetal condition, mental condition, and cervix is necessary to plan for the mode of delivery.

A study based on spatial distribution of Scorodophloeus zenkeri was performed in the device 400ha Biaro forest. Both specie has multiple uses, including industrial exploitation by the quality of wood. An inventory of the forest potential of these specie were made based on values in abscissa (x) and ordonna (y) for all individuals. At the end of this inventory, 9115 feet were counted with 9098 feet at reserve Yoko and 17 individuals at Biaro forest. The spatial distribution of individuals of both specie is aleator type at reserve Yoko and aggregated type at Biaro forest.

Compulsory motor insurance coverage appears to be an imperative. The objective of this research is to publicize this obligation in order to bring about a change in the behavior of the Beninese. To achieve this, a quantitative survey and two qualitative surveys were conducted. The results show that Beninese people are generally unaware of this compulsory guarantee, particularly drivers or car owners who do not know the content of this guarantee. The campaigns conducted by the insurance companies still do not take into account the expectations of the targets. The injunctive messages transmitted do not often receive favorable feedback, due to the lack of proposals integrating the aspirations of car owners. Media communication and digital communication represent two important levers of large-scale dissemination that must be resized for the success of the campaign.

This paper explores the curriculum space in secondary general education in the Republic of Benin, in reference to information and communication technologies(ICT) and sexuality. Taking the curriculum space, as described in O’Hair, Mc Laughlin and Reitzug (2000), as the theoretical framework, this study relies on both qualitative and quantitative data from 137 high school graduates who have enrolled in teacher training at ENS in Porto-Novo in 2019. The main concern in this research is to track their learning processes of the knowledge and skills in ICT and sexuality, domains in which Benin secondary general education has remained almost silent until recently. The findings reveal that the large majority of participants (72%) have acquired diverse knowlegde and skills in ICT and 32% in sexuality, often in the margin of the official school programmes. Thus, the two domains belong to the null curriculum, and curriculum leadership suggests that teachers take lessons from these experiences to inform their practices in the official domain.

Atypical meningioma is often treated adequately by complete surgical resection and subsequent radiation therapy. Nevertheless, radiation therapy should be reassessed in the management of younger patients and particularly in individuals harboring NF2 genetic mutation. To the best of our knowledge this is the third case of post radiation transformation of atypical meningioma in an adolescent male after reviewing the available English literature. Kew wards: Post radiation, atypical meningioma, transformation, sarcomatous meningioma, NF2 mutation.

Consumptions, in decades; had taken the highest allocation compared to capital expenditure, as confirmed from the current 2023 appropriation bill that was laid before the national assembly. This study seeks to investigate the effect of government consumptions on performance of annual capital expenditure in Nigeria. Government consumptions was proxied by Administration, Economic services, Social and Community services, and Transfers’ consumptions while performance of annual capital expenditure was proxied by aggregate annual capital expenditure. The study employed ex- post facto research design, and used descriptive statistic and ordinary least square regression techniques to analyze the data. Secondary data used were sourced from the Federal Ministry of Finance and the Office of Accountant-General of the Federation, over a period of forty-one years (1981-2021). The data collected were analyzed using Johansen Co- integration test and vector error correction model (VECM). The findings revealed that besides administrative consumption, other explanatory variables economic service consumption, social and community services consumption, and transfers’ consumption had positive and significant effect on the performance of annual capital expenditure. The study concluded that changes in the performance of annual capital expenditure are explained by changes in government consumptions. The study suggested, amongst others; that Government should put in place mechanisms, such as adequate internal control system; to reduce wastages in administrative consumption.

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Introduction: Classical Tubularized Incised-plate Urethroplasty (TIP) is a surgical procedure used to repair hypospadias, which is a birth defect in which the opening of the urethra located on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcome of classical tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute, Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2022. Total 53 patients were included in this study. Result: In the current study, the mean age of participants was 43.08±21.72 months where the minimum age was 12 months and maximum age was 103 months. The mean weight of participants was 19.25±7.78 kg. The mean penile length of participants was 35.9±8.05 mm. The mean operation time was 73.24±4.80 minutes. Mean operation cost was 277.50±40.46 US$. Mean hospital stay was 10.7±0.75 days. In our study, 15.09% had UC fistula, 5.66% had wound infection and 7.54% had meatal stenosis. Follow up period was 7.9±2.1 months. In this study, more than half (50.94%) had distal penile hypospadias, 28.30% had coronal hypospadias and 20.75% had sub-coronal hypospadias. Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, Tubularized Incised-plate (TIP) urethroplasty is found to be a safe and reliable technique for hypospadias repair. The rate of complications was found low in TIP urethroplasty.

Notification of Commencement of Investigation is a letter issued by an investigator addressed to the public prosecutor which aims to notify an investigation into a case. The Public Prosecutor will respond to the Letter of Notification of the Commencement of the Investigation by appointing a Research Prosecutor to follow the investigation process. This study discusses the problem of regulatory weaknesses in the delivery of an order to commence an investigation to the current reported party and efforts to reconstruct the arrangements in submitting an order to begin an investigation to the reported party based on the value of justice. The approach method in this research is socio-legal research. The results of the study found that there was a weakness in the regulation in submitting an order to commence the investigation of the Constitutional Court within 7 (seven) working days. There is no apparent sanction for the investigator if, after 7 (seven) days, the notification letter for the commencement of the investigation is submitted to the reported party. Thus the complainant feels that his rights as a citizen have been degraded. Reconstruction of arrangements in the delivery of the warrant for the start of an investigation to the reported justice based on the non- involvement of the reporting party and the reported party in submitting the Notification of Commencement of Investigation and also regarding the deadline for submission and there are no sanctions for investigators who are late in submitting the Notice of Commencement of Investigation to the public prosecutor, reporter and reported.

The present study is aimed at studying the degree of perceived mental health among teachers working in private and government schools with particular reference to Begusarai district of North Bihar, India. It is generally observed that teachers differ to each other in respect of their institutional values, other related opportunities and problems, therefore, the present investigation is planned to make a comparative study of perceived mental health among teachers working in private and government schools of Begusarai district– a well-known town of North Bihar. The sample of the present investigation consisted of one hundred sixty (N = 160) teachers comprising Government School (n=80) and Private School (n=80) randomly selected from different corners of Begusarai district where teachers resides. It was hypothesized that teachers working in private school in Begusarai district would have better mental health in comparison to the teachers working in government schools especially in Begusarai district. A standardized mental health inventory developed by Jagdish and Srivatava (2003) was administered individually on the sample. This inventory also consists of 6 dimensions such as self- evolution, perception of reality, integration of personality, autonomy and stability, growth oriented attitude and environmental mastery. In this inventory high score indicates good mental health. Finally, results revealed significant difference between means of two groups of private and government school teachers as t was found statistically significant. Although, government school teacher has been found to have better mental health as compared to private school teachers, hence, such discrepancy of results has been discussed in detail by giving probable reasons.

The days when HR professionals would organize meetings and execute policies no longer exist. Instead, they are now focused on creating and implementing new strategies and procedures. With the rise of social media, just a few clicks or a post on Facebook or another online platform is enough to publicize a change in the organization. This article aims to analyze the impact of social media on various HR practices like (talent acquisition, talent management, performance management, talent retention and employer branding) and also explores the various risks associated with these practices. This article aims to help corporate pioneers and managers implement social media as an instrument to manage their organizations' policies and practices.

Introduction: Adenomyosis is a common, estrogen-dependent, a benign gynaecological disease characterized by endometrial glands and stroma invading, implanting, and proliferating within the myometrium to form diffuse or localized lesions. Adenomyosis is common in women of childbearing age. The signs and symptoms include dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, abnormal uterine bleeding, enlarged uterus, dyspareunia, and infertility, which can seriously affect the patient’s quality of life. The prevalence of adenomyosis varies widely from 5% to 70%, depending on the method used for diagnosis and the rate of diagnosis during hysterectomy is approximately 20– 30%. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness between LNG-IUS and Dienogest among the woman with symptomatic adenomyosis. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial and was conducted in the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July, 2021 to June, 2022. We included 20 patients with symptomatic adenomyosis diagnosis confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound in this study. All patients were divided by sequentially numbered sealed opaque envelops into two groups- Group A (who received LNG-IUS) & Group B ( who received dienogest). Among of 20 patients, 10 were in each group. Group A patients received LNG-IUS and group B patients received tablet dienogest(2mg) daily. VAS (visual analog scale) score, amount of uterine bleeding was assessed and uterine volume was measured by transvaginal ultrasound 3 months later. Result: In total 20 patients from both the groups completed the study. In our study we found majority of our patients (75%) were aged between 25 to 34 years old and 25 % were aged between 35 to 45 years old. We found the Mean ± SD of age was 34.80 ± 3.79 & 28.60 ± 3.17 respectively in group A & B. In group A and group B the mean of VAS at baseline & 3rd month was 9.10 ± 0.84 & 1.10 ± 1.10 and 8.75 ± 1.14 & 4.30 ± 2.41 respectively. At baseline the uterine volume was 268.08 ± 118.28 & 202.32 ± 117.76 and at 3rd month was 210.10 ±105.49 & 202.77 ± 118.33 among group A & B respectively the mean of hemoglobin level was 10.87 ±1.42 &10.82±0.64 at base line and 11.57 ±1.33 & 11.09± 0.53 after 3rd months in group A and group B respectively. Before treatment heavy menstruation was found 80% & 80% in group A & B respectively. After 3rd month correction of heavy menstruation was found 100% in group A. Among them amenorrhea was found 20% and regular menstruation was found 80%. Correction of heavy menstruation was found 50% in group B. Among them amenorrhea was found 20% and regular menstruation was found 30 %. Conclusion: In our study, we tried to evaluate the effects of LNG-IUS and dienogest on patients with symptomatic adenomyosis. We found that LNG-IUS is a useful tool for HMB and dysmenorrhea in women of all ages. In this study the LNG-IUS is proved to be an effective approach compared to dienogest to treat adenomyosis. Its use effectively reduced the severity of symptoms including heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhoea, uterine volume and improved laboratory outcomes.

To find solution for XOR problem we are considering two widely used software that is being relied on by many software developers for their work. The first software is Google Colab tool which can be used to implement ANN programs by coding the neural network using python. This tool is reliable since it supports python language for its implementation. The other major reason is that we can use GPU and TPU processors for the computation process of the neural network. The major advantage of this is that for complex Neural Networks instead of using CPU present in the user’s system we can use those two processors through online mode without purchasing such processors for our computation. The next software that can be used for implementing ANN is Matlab Simulink. This software is used for highly calculative and computational tasks such as Control System, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Digital Signal Processing and many more. Matlab is highly efficient and easy to code and use when compared to any other software. This is because Matlab stores data in the form of matrices and computes them in this fashion. Matlab in collaboration with Simulink can be used to manually model the Neural Network without the need of any code or knowledge of any coding language. Since Simulink is integrated with Matlab we can also code the Neural Network in Matlab and obtain its mathematically equivalent model in Simulink. Also, Matlab has a dedicated tool in its library to implement neural network called NN tool. Using this tool, we can directly add the data for input, desired output, or target. After inserting the required data, we can train the network with the given dataset and receive appropriate graph’s which will be helpful in analyzing the data. Once the Neural Network is trained, we can test the network through this tool and verify the obtained results.