Most people consuming alcohol, weather in moderate or large quantities also take medications which may be a prescription based medicine or a over the counter medications at least occasionally causing serious possible interactions. The aim of our study was to characterize the adverse outcomes associated with alcohol and alcohol interacting medications in patients. A questionnaire survey was conducted for a period of six months in Urban health centre with a sample size of 500. All adult and older adults male patients taking alcohol who were on medication for chronic conditions and male Patients who are of age between 30-75 years were included in the study. Data I0IOthe questionnaire was analyzed using appropriate statical tools. POSAMINO criteria was used to assess the potential alcohol drug interactions. In the study population, 40.8% of participants belonged to age group of 41-50. Majority of 60% participants were consuming alcohol weekly 60% of the study participants were consuming alcohol since past 5-10 years. Sixty percent of the participants do not miss there dose after consumption of alcohol. Almost 60% of the participants were not injured after consumption of alcohol. twenty percent of the participants were having potential alcohol drug interactions with anti diabetics drugs were as 20% of the participants were having potential alcohol drug interactions with anti hypertensive drugs, Our study found considerable alcohol- medication interaction. There is a need for educating the people regarding stopping of alcohol consumption while on medications.

Summary: The management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during pregnancy remains a clinical challenge for oncologists, obstetricians, patients and their families. Although the incidence of AML during pregnancy is low at 1 in 75,000 pregnancies, cancer is the second most common cause of maternal death behind pregnancy-related vascular complications. Due to the small number of patients diagnosed, there are only retrospective reviews and case series to guide complex management decisions. Case Report: A 35-year-old woman presented to our facility at 32 weeks' gestation after being found to have hyperleukocytosis, neutropenia, and anemia during a routine antenatal evaluation. Bone marrow aspiration demonstrated a diagnosis of AML. The blast population compromised 93% of the cellular elements.

Background: The tongue is a muscular hydrostat that forms the floor of the mouth, perform functions like mastication, speech, taste and osculation. The tongue is relatively affected by both oral and systemic conditions in all ages and acts as a “mirror” for oral manifestations of systemic diseases. Prevalence of tongue lesions varies due to demographic and/or geographic differences of the sample studied, differences in the diagnostic criteria, methodological approaches, and sampling methods employed. Objective: To determine the socio-demographic distribution of different categories of tongue lesions and their oral presentations. Methods: Information were retrospectively retrieved from Maxillofacial Clinical and Surgical day cases registers. Data such as age, gender; duration of lesion and location of lesions on the tongue and category of lesion were also extracted using relevant descriptive and inference statistics All statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Ninety- two cases were recruited retrospectively from two tertiary centers with a male preponderance of 53.3% (n= 49). The mean age of presentation of tongue lesions in the study is 41.1years  22.4 years, dorsum of the tongue presented the highest number of occurrences of tongue lesions (52.2%). The most common lesions on the dorsum of the tongue in this study are squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), benign migratory glossitis and irritation fibroma. The mean age of presentation for benign lesion is 23years, inflammatory/reactive lesion 44.9years and malignant lesions 51.6years respectively. The mean duration of tongue lesions in our study is 9.1 months (median = 6 months), mean duration of presentation of benign lesions (14.8 months) was longer than that of malignant lesions (6.4 months). The association between duration and category of lesion is statistically significant at p < 0.0001. Conclusion: Delayed clinical presentation by patients and patronage of unorthodox traditional doctors contribute to the overtly increased incidence of oral malignancies in Sub-Saharan Africa; this coupled with improper or lack of accurate record keeping may have also culminated in this increased prevalence of oral malignancies. All tongue surfaces can be affected, gender predilections for any of the surfaces is yet to be affirmed by any study however aging is related to malignant occurrences.

The primary goal of every investigation is to find out the actual truth of any fact and prove or disprove any allegations with the help of scientific evidence according to the law. This case study is an excellent example to understand the crime scene investigation for forensic and law enforcement professionals, especially in the burning cases. The background of the present case is that one 18-year-old girl was admitted to a Government hospital in West Bengal, India, with 68% burns injuries at night. The hospital authorities informed the police about the matter. Accordingly, the local police rushed to the hospital and recorded the statement of the victim girl. A case was registered by the police against the unknown miscreant in the local police station on the basis of the statement of the victim girl. Three days later the victim girl died from his injuries. The case was amended under section 302 Indian Penal Code. On requisitioned by the Deputy Commissioner of Police, a forensic team under the leadership of the author (TKMukherjee) visited and examined the crime scene and unearths the actual truth.

Soil communities, the microorganisms, are the initial and primary recipients of hydrocarbons or any xenobiotics incidented on the soil. This study evaluated the biology of soil organisms, ex-situ; the hydrocarbonclastics and non-hydrocarbonclastics, following an exposure to spent engine oil. The result demonstrated that at low and moderate contaminations of 1.5 and 2.5% w/w, hydrocarbons reduced the microbial population from control, 1.28 x109 cfu, to 3.42 x108 and 3.06 x 108cfu on week one respectively. However, at increased contaminations of 3.5% w/w, hydrocarbons from large oil spills weaken microbial ability to degrade the added hydrocarbons as the prejudicial nature reduced the population to 1.62 x 108cfu on week one. Overall, across the weeks, there was insurgence of hydrocarbon-degrading organisms, the hydrocarbonclastics, which on the other hand induced a limitation in microbial diversity. The isolated hydrocarbonclastic microorganisms in the descending order of their biodegradation potentials are: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Arthrobacter, Alealigena, Corynebacter, Flavo-bacterium, Archromobacter, Micrococcus, Norcardia and Myco-bacterium. Thus within the ecosystem they devised metabolic diversity with increased catabolic properties primarily aimed at biodegrading the xenobiotics; making them hydrocarbonclastic organisms.

Odontomas are common occurrences in the oral cavity and can be classified as complex or compound. Compound odontomas are rare and present in the extra-osseous soft tissues. In this case, the odontoma led to the impaction of permanent teeth, due to which removal of the lesion was advised.

Coronavirus disease caused by SARS – CoV–2, is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Knowledge and awareness about risk factors, symptoms, screening methods and therapeutic methods reduces the mortality and morbidity. To determine the knowledge, awareness and attitude about COVID–19 in urban and rural areas of north Karnataka. A prospective questionnaire survey was conducted for a period of six months in urban and rural areas of north Karnataka, with a sample size of 316. All above 18 years and above were included in the study. Data from the questionnaire was analysed using appropriate statistical tools. Out of 316 participants, 40% were 21 – 30 age of participants compared to other age groups, 52.8% of participants were under higher secondary and above educational status, 52.4% participants were found to be allergic and 45.6% are non- allergic, 65.5% are from urban and 34.5% from rural, 69.9% individuals were attending educational programmes, 58.9% were employed. Almost 73.1% were considered to have knowledge about curability of Covid-19. 73.7% had knowledge about pneumonias a risk factor of Covid-19.71.8% had knowledge about common symptom dry cough as a Covid-19. 74.1% had knowledge about immune boosting as a preventive measure of Covid-19.The knowledge and level of awareness is seen in most of the participants. There is need of developing effective interventional programmes to educate people about Covid-19. These will promote better outcome.

The purpose of this study is to addresses overview of AI and its use within Indonesian law. The discussion aims to be nuanced while also being understandable to those who do not have a technical background and to investigate AI's application relating to the formation of Indonesian laws. This study is a qualitative study. Indonesian regulations only apply to individuals and legal entities that are legally recognized legal subjects. AI is not intelligent in the sense of human cognition, nor intelligent thinking machines. AI is the ability to train computer how to do specific task. The role of the state in providing legal protection should be defined. This legal protection is required to provide legal certainty to the AI user community, both through AI-specific laws and regulations, as well as special institutions authorized to oversee the use of AI in Indonesia.

This study presents the structural reliability of steel plates on offshore platforms exposed to corrosion during their design period and beyond. The reliability-based design of steel plates exposed to corrosion was carried out with First Order Reliability Method coded in a computer based program, (FORM 5) and a Finite element method in a software (ABAQUS). The rate of corrosion of the steel plates was determined using a standard expression for extreme marine environment. From the results obtained using FORM 5, the safety indices ranged from 1.18 to 11.0, and a non-linear relationship exist between safety indices and thickness for different parameter variations. However, it was also noted that the design formulation is robust enough to exceed the design life prediction in the code by about 20% of the current prediction.

With the growing number of special needs children in the society due to the prevailing economic, societal and family problems, there is urgent need for the full adoption and enforcement of the education law of the child right act in Nigeria. This study is an attempt to empirically analyze the effects of parental influence on the choice of career among higher secondary students with regards to the child right act. The study evaluated and analyzed the basic theories of the child right act relative to parental control in career choice. The thorough review and use of secondary information sources was adopted for methodology. Thus it was revealed that parental involvement in their children‘s career options significantly influenced their achievement. Based on the finding, it was concluded that academic and career achievement of the child fundamental to the child right and is likely to be high if parents‘ careful attention and assistance to their children are there. It was recommended that parents‘ regular attention and advice at home should be aligned with the child right to facilitate achievement.

Test anxiety is a type of performance anxiety. It can affect anyone from elementary students up to doctoral research candidates. Most of us experience some degree of stress or anxiety before taking an exam. However, when this distress becomes so excessive that it interferes with performance on an exam, it is known as test anxiety.

Background: Refugees and internally displaced children are often fed food with a low nutritional value or high in carbohydrates, predisposing them to a relatively higher risk of dental caries, and periodontal diseases. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status among a group of refugees and displaced children. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among (172), 3–13-year-old children (59 boys (34.3%) and 113 girls (65.7%) from in Almoshama camp for displaced and refugees coming from different areas of Sudan and outside Sudan. The participants were selected by non-probability sampling technique based on convenient accessibility and availability of children from friendly child spaces in the camp. Dental caries was assessed by dmft for primary teeth and DMFT for permanent teeth, while periodontal status was assessed by community periodontal index (CPI). Comparison between different non-parametric data was done by Chi-Squire test and parametric data by student T-test, with the level of statistical significance difference set at P-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The prevalence of dental caries among the participants was 33.3%. The mean ±SD dmft score was 2.28±1.77 and the DMFT score was 1.63±1.51. A statistically significant difference in mean DMFT between different age groups (P=0.004) and between boys and girls (P-0.03). While the mean CPI was 0.73. Almost half of the participants had periodontal diseases (54.1%) of whom 37.2% had gingival problems, 14.5% calculus, and only 2.32% have pocket problems. Conclusions: High prevalence of untreated dental caries and periodontal diseases among Refugees and internally displaced children living in Almoshama camp in West Kordofan, Sudan. Emphasis on motivation in oral health promotion campaigns and provision of primary health care services among those vulnerable groups is paramount.

This linguistic study descriptively analyzes the nativized Hispanic borrowed words in Cebuano Visayan. A lexical analysis of the morphemic structures of words is undertaken in order to investigate the language nativization. The textual source of the analysis is the editorial from Superbalita-Cebu with the title: “Masanta nang Badlungon”. The words are examined as to lexical categories, English equivalents, root words, Spanish equivalents, and nativization. After an in-depth lexical analysis of the morphemic structures of words from the textuality as supported by the theory of phylogenetic change through linguistic borrowing, the following are the findings: (1) The Hispanic borrowed words in the Cebuano Visayan editorial are twelve nouns, three verbs, and three adjectives. (2) All twelve nouns borrowed from Spanish exemplify linguistic acculturation through lexical nativization. (3) The three verbs borrowed from Spanish words reveal nativized spellings and all are added with nativized affixes. (4) The three adjectives borrowed from Spanish change their orthography and native Cebuano Visayan affixes are added. Moreover, based on the findings, it concludes that Hispanic words borrowed in Cebuano Visayan are acculturated through lexical nativization. Hence, this study recommends that a historical and exploratory study be made to the nativized Hispanic borrowed words in Cebuano Visayan to trace back on its origin which will give a better insight to why such word is born and continues to be used.

Primigravidae are at increased risk of complications during pregnancy and labour. These risks of complication associated with Primigravidae if not properly anticipated and managed promptly can result in increased morbidity and mortality for both the mother and the baby. The aim of the study was to determine the pregnancy outcome among Primigravida at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital. The specific objectives were to determine the complications encountered among the primigravida and to determine the association between some complications and pregnancy outcome. This was a retrospective study from 1st Jan.2017 - 31st dec.2021. The case records of all primigravidae who delivered at UDUTH within the study period were reviewed. There were 130 cases of primigravida managed during the 5-year study period. Among which 99 case notes were retrieved giving a retrieval rate of 76%. The majority of cases were between the ages of 20-30 years and 31-40 years (30.3% and 37.4% respectively). Most of the cases were Hausa/Fulani (74.7%). Majority were Muslims and 45.5% had secondary education. Majority of the cases (73.1%) had caesarean section and 22.2% had vaginal delivery. The most encountered pregnancy complication among them was preeclampsia/eclampsia in 29.6% of the cases. This is followed by post-dated pregnancy (9.4%) then breech presentation at term (13.3%). Majority of the participants that had preeclampsia and post-dated pregnancy ended up with caesarean section. There was significant association between the complication of preeclampsia and post-dated pregnancy with the mode of delivery (p < 0.001).

The research with the title development of pesantren tahfidz to support Indonesia gold in 2045 aims to develop some aspects of pesantren tahfidz, there are eight priority aspects than used as clusters, namely: organization, leadership, curriculum, teacher, student, financing, networking and information and technology, then there are twenty three sub-aspects used sub-clusters, namely: organizational culture, organizational structure, regeneration, charismatic, collective, authoritarian, integrated, curriculum 2013, mu'adalah curriculum, competence, qualification, literacy, character, intelligent, religious, tolerant, charity pesantren resources, donations from external parties, trust building, potential development, e-learning, e-tools, e-library. This study uses a qualitative method, by conducting observations, interviews and literature review. Then the findings are processed using the Analytic Network and Process method with super decision software. The results of this study are the pesantren tahfidz model that can support Indonesia gold in 2045 based on the priority value (1) organizational cluster with organizational culture sub-cluster is the most dominant aspect with an average value of 17%. (2) the leadership cluster becomes the second aspect with a collective leadership sub-cluster with a score of 11% (3) on the third priority, namely the development of human resources, especially teachers from the aspect of teacher literacy with a value 9%.