Fermentation processes have become a common practice for overproduction of amino acids nowadays as it is cheaper and easier than other processes for commercial production of methionine and other essential amino acids. Methionine is a sulfur-containing essential amino acid required in the diet of humans and other animals for normal growth and functions of the body. It is widely used in feed, pharmaceutical and food industries. The research was focused on fermentative production of Methionine by Bacillus cereus isolated from soil. Methionine was produced under optimized conditions (Temperature, pH, Incubation time and agitation rate) using one factor at a time (OFAT). Optimum methionine yield of (4.520 mg/mL) was obtained at temperature of 35oC, pH of 7.5, and agitation rate of 125 rpm and incubation time of 96 h using OFAT. Characterization of methionine produced using Bacillus cereus shows similar properties with the commercially produced methionine by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) which shows the amino and carbonyl group spectrum at 1640 cm-1 and 3257 cm-1 respectively. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed a band of methionine produced by bacillus cereus aligned with the commercial methionine.

Signet-ring cell carcinomas are malignant tumors that may affect the stomach and the colon, but extrahepatic bile duct localization is rare. Here we present a case (a 56-year-old Moroccan woman), without either pancreato-biliary mal-junction or liver disease. The patient had obstructive jaundice. Morphological studies by MRI and ERCP revealed a bile duct tumor obstructing the common bile duct and invading gallbladder and hepatic hilum. Pathological examination revealed a carcinoma containing signet-ring cells. The evolution was characterized by rapid disease progression; the patient died in about five months. The case of our patient is among the rare cases described in the mainly Asian literature, and the first case reported in North Africa.

Introduction: Hanging is a very common method of suicide in Bangladesh as well as around the globe. The rate of suicide cases by hanging is increasing daily in Bangladesh. Suicide by hanging means killing oneself intentionally by suspending themselves from an anchor point by a ligature or by jumping from a height with a noose around the neck. As hanging is a simple method that does not require any complicated techniques, and the materials are also easy to come by, many choose this as their suicide method. The objective of this study was to observe the demography of hanging cases, its distribution according to age group, sex, and common ligature materials used by victims, observe post-mortem findings, and in this way, try to identify the causes and develop the preventive measures that are essential to reduce death due to hanging. Methods: This was a retrospective study done on the basis of the 3rd copy of postmortem reports preserved at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Pabna Medical College Hospital, Pabna, Bangladesh from January 2018 to December 2018 for the period of 1 year with proper permission from the autopsy surgeon. Result: 72% of the suicide victims were female, and 53% of those 115 victims were married. Most of the victims were from the age group of 21-30 years. Marital disharmony was the biggest common cause. The commonly used ligature material was Orna (dupatta). Conclusion: The number of deaths by suicide is on a rise, and to reduce this, a well-designed program is needed. This can help identify the causative factors f suicide by hanging and could help in preventing suicide cases.

Introduction: Ayurvedic dosage forms hold a unique place in pharmaceutics and therapeutics. Sneha Kalpana is a group of products of medicated taila and ghee. Murchana is the first step towards any Sneha paka process. It is a special pharmaceutical procedure before subjecting the drugs to Sneha Paka. For the Preliminary treatment of ghrita (Refining of ghrita) six herbal drugs are added to it. These herbal drugs are: Haritki (Terminalia chebula), Amalaki (Emblica officinalis), Vibhitaki (Terminalia bellirica), Mustaka (Cyperus rotundus), Haridra (Curcuma longa), Matulunga (Citrus medica). Main aim of Sneha Murchana is to remove - Durgandha (Bad odor), Amadhosha (Unrefined ghee), Ugrata (Sharpness). Ghrita (Cow’s ghee) is a potent ingredient capable of promoting memory, intellect, power of digestion, semen levels and Ojas (ojas is an essence present in every dhatu (tissue) and is responsible for the strength, vitality and immunity of the body.) Various studies have proved immunostimulant activity of Cow’s ghee. It can be a possibility that this preliminary refining Murchana process of ghrita might increase the immunostimulant potential of ghee. This review article focusses on the immunomodulatory potential of the herbs added during Murchana process. Material and Method: Literature related to six Murchana herbs have been referred from various ayurvedic texts, modern medical books, research papers and journals. Phytoconstituents of Murchana dravyas and anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect of Murchana dravyas have been compiled from various sources. Result and Discussion: Various studies have proven anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, immunomodulatory effect of these six Murchana herbs. Hence it can be concluded that along with other benefits refining ‘Murchana’ process of ghrita might increase the immunostimulant potential of ghee.

Issues on psychological problems facilitated by the harmful situation for optimal personal growth such as being imprisoned are critical and need investigation to know the correlation. This research aims to investigate how common mental health issues experienced by youths at Kutoarjo Juvenile Correctional Institution. The research participants included 69 youth as samples, ranging in age from 14 to 18 years old with an average age of 16.5. The DASS 42 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) was used to collect data. It is a self-report scale that was intended to measure depression, anxiety, and stress. Demographic data was also gathered as complementary. The results reveal that none of the participants have severe depression symptoms, 13.04 percent have mild depression symptoms, and 7.25 percent have moderate depression symptoms. Concerning anxiety, it is known that 10.15 percent of those surveyed had extremely serious anxiety and 7.25 percent had severe anxiety. Furthermore, 2.9% of the participants were stressed to a severe and extremely severe degree. There were no significant differences in depression, anxiety, or stress depending on the educational context. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between distance from house to penitentiary and problems of depression and stress; however, the distance has a significant correlation with anxiety, rho = .238, at Los .05.

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between online learning and academic load with academic stress during the Covid-19 pandemic in students who are studying online in Indonesia. This study uses online learning scales, academic load, and academic stress to measure each variable, using quantitative research methods, and simple random sampling data collection techniques. The number of subjects is 116 first-year second-semester students at seven colleges who are studying online in Indonesia. The results showed that there is a negative relationship between online learning and academic stress, there is a positive relationship between academic load and academic stress, and there is a relationship between online learning and academic load with academic stress in students. The research found online learning is the most dominant variable contributing to the academic stress of students in Indonesia.

Independence is one _ aspect necessary development _ developed since age early. The independence of children is not an innate trait but through their existence learning process and need trained since age early, influencing factors independence child consist from pattern foster from parents, secure attachment and children 's social interactions. From the results of initial observations and interviews, it can be concluded that the level of independence of children is still relatively low. Destination study this is for describe and analyze influence pattern foster parents secure attachment on children's independence through interaction social child. This research uses quantitative descriptive research with a total sample of 137 child group B in sub- district kindergarten North Banjarbaru. The technique of collecting data is by observing and distributing questionnaires. The techniques used in analyzing the data are multiple correlation techniques and path diagrams to show an overview of the relationship between variables according to the assumptions used. Research results show that: (1) Parenting pattern tend use pattern foster democratic, secure attachment, children's social interaction, and independence child included in the category height; (2) there is a positive and significant relationship between the pattern foster to social interaction; (3) there is a positive and significant relationship between secure attachment in the family to children's social interactions; (4) there is a positive and significant relationship between parenting pattern for children's independence; (5) there is a positive and significant relationship between secure attachment in the family towards independence child; (6) there is a positive and significant relationship between social interaction on children's independence; (7) there is a positive and significant relationship between parenting patterns through social interaction on children's independence; (8) there is a positive and significant relationship Among secure attachment through social interaction on children's independence. Conclusion: there are influence by partial and simultaneous from pattern foster parents secure attachment on children's independence through interaction social child. Should head kindergarten unit for together build positive communication _ moment communicate with teachers and parents for analyze development independence in children. This thing could conducted with open a sharing forum or swap opinion with teachers and parents about problem nor development child age early.

Introduction: The solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is a rare disorder of the rectal wall and its course is chronic but always benign. The therapeutic management of SRUS remains a challenge and relies on a multidisciplinary management. The objective of our study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of SRUS in a Moroccan series. Materials and Methods: This is a monocentric descriptive retrospective study including all patients with SRUS in the Department of Hepato-Gastro-Enterology and Proctology "Médicine B" of the Ibn Sina University Hospital, over a period from January 2000 to August 2021. Results: A total of 26 patients were included with a mean age of 45 years [15-70 years] and a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.6. The most frequent clinical symptomatology was rectal bleeding found in all patients (100%), followed by anorectal pain (84.6%), bloody mucus evacuations (73.1%), chronic constipation (38.5%) and rectal prolapse in 34.6% of the patients at the proctologic examination. The low endoscopic exploration had detected mainly a single ulceration with clean bottom (50%), multiple ulcerations (20%) and a pseudo-polypoid aspect (15.4%). Histological examination of the biopsies taken from the ulceration and the periphery confirmed the diagnosis by showing the typical histological aspect of SRUS. The majority of our patients (77%) underwent anorectal manometry, which revealed anorectal dyssynergia and sphincter tone abnormalities. The therapeutic management was based on medical treatment in all patients, defecation rehabilitation "biofeedback" (53.8%) and surgical approach was considered in 19.2% of cases. Conclusion: The SRUS is an entity defined by its endoscopic and histological aspect, manifesting itself mainly by rectal bleeding. Recto-sigmoidoscopy and histology are the key to diagnosis. Treatment is primarily medical. Surgical treatment is indicated in case of failure of medical treatment or in case of occurrence of complications.

The purpose of this study is to describe the practicality of the mushroom material e-handout which was developed to train students' critical thinking skills. This study uses the R&D method with the ADDIE model. The stages of the ADDIE development model are carried out through 5 stages, namely Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The e-handout is written in a communicative language, equipped with pictures and illustrations that can attract students and contain critical learning activities. Small group test subjects were conducted on 9 students and field tests were conducted on 25 students. Data obtained from practicality instruments were analyzed descriptively. The results of student responses got a value of 90% with the criteria of strongly agreeing and the results of the implementation of 84% with very good criteria. This shows that the developed e-handout is practical for developing critical thinking skills.

The increase in the population in a city and the development of development in all fields will result in increased water demand. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase the availability of clean water which will be useful for improving people's welfare. This research was conducted to examine more deeply related to access to clean water in slum communities by examining the problems 1) how much access to clean water and how to get clean water; 2) how much clean water is available; and 3) how much clean water is needed. The study was conducted in four villages in Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia, namely Sawah Lama Village, Sukamenanti Baru Village, Kota Sepang Village, and Rajabasa Pemuka Village. Data were collected through a process of observation, interviews, and analysis of secondary data, such as village data, population numbers, and others. The data were then analyzed using triangulation techniques to obtain a comprehensive and valid picture. The results of this study indicate that the greatest need for clean water is found in the Sawah Lama village at 27,021.40 liters/day. Information was also obtained that the highest use of access to clean water was drilled wells with a user percentage of 84.37% in Sukamenanti Baru Village, 69.40% in Sawah Lama Village, 74% in Kota Sepang Village, and 100% in Rajabasa Pemuka Village. The availability of water based on calculations is still sufficient, but for Kota Sepang Village there is a shortage during the dry season.

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors in plants that devastatingly affect the plants growth and reduce productivity. The major causes of soil salinity are dry climates and low precipitations, high evaporation rate, which adds salts to the ground surface; poor drainage or waterlogging. Tracking the genetic sequences and control of switching on/off of such transcriptional genes may help in mitigating influences of several biotic and abiotic stresses. PtSOS2, AtNHX1, and OsRab7 are the most important salt tolerant genes. Under drought treatments, induction of NAC and homeobox domain containing TFs illustrates their regulatory roles. Uptake of compatible solutes, synthesis of antifreeze proteins and antioxidants, and expression of cold responsive genes perform significant preventive roles against cold stress. Glucanase gene is one of the reflective examples of disease resistant enzyme. It catalyzes the synthesis of phytoalexins. Through this is strategy, the process involved in defensive mechanisms of plants contouring abiotic stress. Heat shock (HS) is often lethal to plants and exert negative impacts on the structural as well as functional profiles in many crops. It occurs by genetic modification in the Arabidopsis by viral DNA from recognition by the guide RNA.

This study aims to determine how the effect of e-commerce tax regulations, implementation of accounting standards and tax review on taxpayer compliance of Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Jakarta and its surroundings. The study is based on the low level of tax compliance in Indonesia and tax revenues that do not reach the target, even though trade transactions, especially e-commerce, continue to grow. The development of e-commerce transactions requires an understanding of e-commerce regulations, implementation of accounting standards and tax reviews to improve tax compliance of MSME actors. This study uses quantitative methods with multiple regression analysis test through statistical data analysis software SPSS. The data used is primary data collected using a questionnaire with 390 respondents data that can be processed. The results of the study prove that the e-commerce regulation variable and tax review have an effect on MSME taxpayer compliance, while the accounting implementation variable has no effect on MSME taxpayer compliance in Jakarta. The results of this study can be used as a reference for the contribution of MSME practices, consideration for making regulations for the government and teaching input on E-Commerce Tax Regulations, Accounting Applications and Tax reviews on MSME taxpayer compliance, as well as being a scientific reference for future study.

There have been a growing number of patients demanding root canal treatment to save their teeth. This study aimed to determine the pattern of demand and treatment need for root canal treatments at a tertiary healthcare facility in Lagos, Nigeria and update the dental literature with the demand and pattern of root canal treatments as seen in Nigeria. This was a retrospective study. Data from 8239 patients treated at restorative dental clinic, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital from 2011 through 2014, were reviewed. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 26. Association between categorical variables was assessed using Chi square test. Significance level was set at p<0.05. Nine hundred (900) patients age 18 to 79 years (Mean ± SD 38.95±9.4) of which 542 (60.2%) were male and 358 (39.8%) female received root canal treatment involving 1256 teeth. More male patients demanded for root canal treatment but treatment need was greater in female patients and increased with age. Demand for root canal treatment was more prevalent in those < 40 years of age. Central incisors were the most frequently root filled teeth in the maxilla and this was statistically significant (p=0.002). In the mandible, first molars were the most frequently root filled teeth however, this was not statistically significant (p=0.093). Findings in this study corroborate those of several other studies in Nigeria. However, unlike other Nigerian studies, this study noted a greater need for root canal treatment in female patients compared to male patients.

The strategy in overcoming obstacles and obstacles in the Implementation of One Data for Hulu Sungai Selatan in accordance with Regent Regulation Number 40 of 2021 in Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency is to increase the disposition factor or attitude of the implementer which has been successfully implemented optimally. In the indicators for the appointment of bureaucrats, all policy implementers carry out their duties with discipline and responsibility. Meanwhile, on the incentive indicator for the One Data Website admin officer in the Website Portal field, there are no incentives given specifically to the administrator of the One Data HSS Website. One Data Officers have been given a salary and Performance Allowance or honorarium according to their duties and functions. One Data Admin, both from the Ministry of Communication and Informatics and from the OPD, received an assignment from the Head of the OPD to fill in sectoral statistical data on the Hulu Sungai Selatan one data portal. In addition, the last factor, namely the bureaucratic structure, has also been successfully implemented. In the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) indicator, there are already Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) at the Communication and Information Office of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency in the Regional Digitization Program in carrying out their duties and carried out according to the SOP. In the fragmentation indicator, all communities are carried out equally without being privileged, either from the relevant agencies such as Bappelitbangda or the general public who are looking for data for research purposes and so on.

This study is to consider the compulsive buying pattern based on a new Compulsive buying index score. It examines the influence of unplanned buying, emotions, purchasing power, impulsiveness, post-purchase, monomania, direct mail response, and online shopping on compulsive buying behavior in the pandemic situation. The quantitative approach used to explore the compulsive buying pattern through the sample size of 33 under the snowball sampling method the study reveals comparability between Gen Z males & females mightily fall into a severe and mild compulsive category to other generations. Liken female consumers; male consumers are highly compulsive. This study supports the marketers for framing the tactics to attract consumers' impulse, emotional, and fanatical behavior.