End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a serious condition that has a significant impact on patients' lives. The most preferred treatment is to get a kidney transplant, or the patient is shifted to dialysis options including haemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Peritoneal dialysis is one of the effective modalities for the treatment of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), but it was found to be associated with a serious complication called peritoneal dialysis- associated peritonitis (PDAP). The consequences of PDAP have been found to include removal of the catheter, relapse, transfer to haemodialysis, and death. Thus, it is usually treated using the appropriate antibiotic, which is based on the results of the culture. However, most of the conventional antibiotics used for the treatment of PDAP are not currently showing effectiveness, which is due to the growing resistance worldwide among the causative micro-organisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, newer antibiotics that can eradicate these high-resistance microorganisms are required. This article reviews the available examples of novel antibiotics that can be used for peritonitis caused by strains that are showing resistance against conventional antibiotics. Examples include antibiotics like oxazolidinone, lipoglycopeptide, glycylcycline, moxifloxacin and cephalosporins.

Introduction: During the period of pregnancy, many physical and social activities can become of great risk to the fetal and maternal outcome. Among the many physical ailments that have an effect on maternal and fetal outcome, hypertension and diabetes are the most common cause, and effects. During diabetes, maternal hypertension and gestational diabetes can occur, and can cause great changes to the outcome of pregnancy. The present study was conducted among all hypertension patients to see the different types of hypertension and their incidence rate among pregnant women, and their maternal and fetal outcomes at pregnancy. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology, Kushtia 250 bed General Hospital, Kushtia, Bangladesh. The study duration was 1 year, from January 2020 to January 2021. During this period, a total of 100 cases of hypertensive pregnancies visiting the study place were admitted following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: Majority of the hypertensive mothers had been between the ages of 21-25 years, while mean birth weight was below normal range among the neonates. Moderate preeclampsia had the highest prevalence among the mothers, and anemia and nulliparity were observed in 67% and 44% respectively as risk factors among the participants. Adverse perinatal outcome had a significantly high prevalence among neonates of preeclampsia groups. Conclusion: The study observed higher incidence of preeclampsia among pregnant women, and adverse perinatal outcomes had significant rise among preeclampsia cases. Anemia was the most common risk factor for hypertension in the present study, followed by Nulliparity. Adverse maternal outcomes did not have a significant association with type of hypertension, but seizure and oliguria were more common among preeclampsia cases.

Background: Urinary retention is a worldwide health problem mostly noted in elderly men who may have benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), cancer of the prostate (Cap), urethral stricture disease or bladder tumour. It has a negative impact on the quality of life (QOL) of the sufferer as well as national or global economy. Urethral catheterization is used to relief the retention and suprapubic cystostomy where the urethral route fails or it’s contraindicated. Complications have been reported especially when catheters are worn for prolonged periods of time. The aim of this work was to study the burden of prolonged use of catheters after urinary retention. Patients and Method: The study was conducted in March 2021 and lasted for four (4) weeks to prevent data duplication since our patients change their catheters once in 4 weeks. A questionnaire was designed and completed by all patients after informed consent was obtained. Data collected were analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20.0 and results used for discussion. Results: Eighty two (82) patients with a mean age of 63.12±14.67 years were studied. Aetiology of urinary retention was BPH, Cap, and Urethral stricture in 58.5%, 19.5% and 23.0% respectively. More patients were in their 7th and 8th decades of life. Most patients had indwelling urethral catheter (65.9%), average duration of catheter use was 21.26 months. There was no statistical significant difference in the mean duration between those who used SPC and Urethral catheter (P= .411).Ninety-eight (98.7%) of patients had complications and 22% of them reported more than five (5) complications. Qol correlated poorly with those who had sexual issues due to prolonged catheter use. The estimated annual cost for catheter change was between N1.5million and N2.0 million in our facility. Conclusion: Prolonged catheter use is a source of concern to patients and poses serious health-related and financial burden to them.

The paper analyzes the manifestation of spiritual imbalance in The Sound and the Fury from the perspectives of Caddy, Mrs. Compson and Dilsey through the lens of Lu Shuyuan’s spiritual ecology theory.

Background: Amniotic fluid is the fluid present in amniotic sac which surrounds the foetus, provides nutrition and maintains temperature of the foetus. Physically it allows the foetus to move and prevents it from injury. Functionally it enables foetal breathing mobility that prevents pulmonary hypoplasia and exercises digestive tract by swallowing amniotic fluid. Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the role of amnioinfusion in intrapartum management of meconium stained amniotic fluid in the pregnant women at labor and foetomaternal outcome of the patients attending labor ward of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. Methods: This experimental randomized control trial study carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi from July, 2012 to June, 2014. Sample size was 100 and randomly allocated into equally two halves as study group and control group. Purposive sampling technique was followed. Results: In this study the age of the study group up to 30 years was 38(47.5%), control group 42(52.5%) and total 80(80.0%). On the other hand, in >30 year’s study group was 12(60.0%), control group 8(40.0%) and total 20(20.0%) respectively. and that of control group was 26.24 (±4.75) years. The mean age of the study group was 27.44 ± 5.59, control group was 26.24 ± 4.75 and total was 26.84 ±5.18 years. The mean weight of the study group was 66.84 (±3.25) kg and in the control group 62.64(±2.84) kg. In this study, 96.0% of the respondents had normal vaginal delivery and among them, 52.1% were in the study group and 47.9% in the control group. On the other hand, only 4% of the respondents had lower segment caesarean section and all of them were in the control group. The mean gestational age at delivery of the respondents in the study group was 39.88 ± 0.78 weeks and in the control group 39.84 ± 0.75 weeks. Conclusion: In this study Tran’s cervical amnioinfusion gave positive result by providing reducing picture of operative delivery in study group. There was significant difference in respiratory distress in the baby having lower percentage in the study group. A large scale study should be carried out to make the result of this study a reliable one.

This study analyzes the parliament speech delivered by the British queen under the framework of transitivity through the employment of qualitative and quantitative methods. The function and distribution of the transitivity process in the speech are explored, aiming at revealing the linguistic feature of the speech so that the understanding of the linguistic characteristics and the speech content is deepened. The study finds out four process types in the speech, among which the material process accounts for the largest proportion, with the relational process, the mental process and the existential process followed. There is no verbal and behavioral process in the speech. The material process shows the vigorous actions of the government. The relational process makes the power of the government closely connected with the country and the citizens, and the mental process implies the government’s outlook on the future and the confidence to do all the work well. This linguistic pattern shows the seriousness and authority of the speaker and the study concludes that the specific linguistic structure determines the implied meaning of the utterance.

This research takes the formulation of the problem of why is the regulation of the implementation of Credit Union activities not based on the value of justice and how is the reconstruction of regulations for implementing Credit Union activities in Indonesia based on the value of justice. This research uses normative legal research methods and empirical legal research where the research specification used in this research is descriptive-analytical. The Primary data sources are based on data or facts and legal cases obtained directly through research in the field and Secondary data is done through literature study. The result of the research shows that the regulation on the implementation of Credit Union activities in Indonesia has not been based on the value of justice, because Credit Unions, which in their implementation are based on the Model Law for Credit Unions, are still analogous to the Savings and Loans Cooperative which in its implementation is based on Government Regulation Number 9 of 1995 concerning Implementation Savings and Loans Business Activities by Cooperatives. There are differences in the recruitment of members, forms of education, and indicators of loan requirements and institutional health, it is necessary to reconstruct the regulations for implementing Credit Union activities in Indonesia based on the value of justice. Reconstruction of Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives can be done by adding new paragraphs in Article 44, namely; (4) The implementation of savings and loan business activities by the Credit Union is regulated based on the Model Law for Credit Union.

The present study’s aim was to validate a proposition on the Theory of Self-control in Old-age which states that older adults exercise self-control differently. Case study design was employed in the study enlisting five sixty-year-old residents of Iligan City who qualified for an in-depth one-on-one interview. The study design was qualitative in nature using thematic case analysis approach revealing a significant finding indicating that in old-age, older people exercise self-control differently. Themes generated were: varying contexts shape how older adults display self—control; acknowledging that actions and behaviors are consequential and differing manifestations of self-control for each older adult. The exercise of self-control which varied uniquely for each older adults, was displayed in their day-to-day choices of dealing with other people, in the actions that affect their health, and in the way they utilize and handle their living resources.

The study aimed to identify the effect of the balanced scorecard on the company's value in the listed companies in the Saudi market. To achieve this goal, this study relied on the survey method. Were received (72) questionnaires; the data were analyzed using descriptive-analytical methods by subjecting the data obtained from the questionnaire to statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program to test the research hypotheses to reach the results. This study showed that there study's most important results showed a positive and statistically significant impact of the balanced scorecard with its four dimensions on the company's value. Saudi joint stock companies have a clear strategic plan for all parties involved in implementing the program, in addition to a performance evaluation mechanism for the companies under study, and this is done by linking the vision to the goals, as well as a high degree of availability. Effective management systems help achieve the company's vision and strategy, contributing to adding value. In light of the results, the researcher recommended the importance of constantly developing the balanced scorecard model to accommodate the successive developments in the competitive business environment.

Malignant tumors of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are very rare. Leiomyosarcoma accounts for 95% of cases. Cross-sectional imaging including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cornerstone in the orientation diagnosis and assessment of tumor extension. The confirmation is histological. We present the case of an 8- year-old child referred by pediatric surgery for suspected bladder tumor diagnosed on CT scan.

As appropriate, innovative and diverse business discourse becomes the key to promoting business exchanges between countries and industries, the importance of business genre analysis has also been growing. This paper thus reviews the articles related to "Genre Analysis in Business Context" in SSCI journals from 2012 to 2022, locates the key areas and methods of research in the past decade, with the hope of finding the future path of this academic field.

Introduction: Ear diseases have been found to be important health problems among children. Nearly one third of Otorhinolaryngology outdoor attendance in the hospital comprised of paediatric age group. The problem is compounded by the fact that the children are economically dependent on their parents who are largely poor. However, the cause of hearing loss in children is more varied, including the etiologies. Objective: To find out ear diseases in children presenting at Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based prospective study was carried at Department of ENT & Head-Neck Surgery, Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh from January to December 2021. 985 patients below sixteen years of age presented to the ENT OPD during the study period. Of them, 450 had ear disease. All patients aged 16 years or younger presenting with ear diseases to the ENT clinic of the hospital and seen by ENT surgeons were enrolled into the study. The diagnoses were made on the basis of history and clinical examination. Results were expressed in numbers and percentages. Results: Out of 985 patients below sixteen years of age presented to the ENT OPD during the study period. Of them, 450 had ear disease. Five hundred and sixty one (64.4%) were males. The male to female sex ratio was 1.8:1. Table 2 the various types of ear disease were as CSOM (Chronic Suppurative Ottitis Media), ASOM (Acute Suppurative Ottitis Media) and OME (Ottitis Media with Effusion). Wax (33.6%) followed by CSOM (18.7%) and ASOM (13.8%) were the most common ear diseases in paediatric patients in tertiary care centre. Ear diseases commonly found in this study were in the age group of 6-10 years and most ear diseases were more common in boys. It was found that wax (33.6%) was the most common diagnosed ear disease. Conclusion: Ear diseases are most common condition in ENT OPD among paediatric age group. Wax, CSOM and ASOM were the three most common ear diseases. Improvement of health care facilities and awareness amongst health care providers would definitely be helpful in reducing the prevalence of ear diseases in developing countries.

Under the background of global economic integration, the phenomenon of Chinese culture aphasia has captured scholars’ attention. Based on the questionnaire and interview held in North China Electric Power University, this paper expounds the causes of “Chinese culture aphasia”, and proposes feasible strategies to improve it, aiming to improve students’ ability and their comprehensive language literacy in cross-cultural communication.

Introduction: The intensity of the work and the diversity of the acts imposed, in the operating room, provided organization and complementarity of the different actors. The dysfunctions observed are the cause of delays, reports or additions to the operating program our study consisted in evaluating, within the our department of operating theaters, the deadlines of patients who were to be performed under general anesthesia in scheduled surgery, from their arrival in the operating room until the incision, and to identify the causes and possible consequences. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study carried out at HMIMV, between March 1, 2018 and April 1, 2018, Results: The median waiting time in the reception room was 42 minutes, and 65% of patients waited between 25 and 62 minutes the main causes of delay in the operating room were at 38% of cases, the unavailability of the anesthesiologist. In more than 22% of cases the non-availability of State Certified Nurse Anesthesiologist in 19% of cases the unavailability of the surgeon. We then find almost 5% of expectations due to equipment defective or missing. Some causes were not specified for nearly 3% and about 3% of cases the non-availability of the State-certified operating room nurse. It is in the sectors of orthopedics and digestive endoscopy that predominates expectation of surgeons and to a lesser extent that of anesthesiologist-resuscitator. However the unavailability of the anesthesiologist-resuscitator was predominant in visceral surgery and in Gynecology. Conclusion: Optimizing an operating theater means making it possible to operate on more patients, in different better safety conditions and with a level of quality and comfort for the patient satisfied.

In general the performance of any student is measured by their achievement in their education. Only academic achievement is considered as the prime basis for admission purpose. Even in selection of different professional courses and jobs also educational achievement play a vital role. This research deals with the relationship between academic achievement and intelligence of X class students in Ramakrishnpur of Mancherial District of Telangana State of India. As per the Garrett: “Intelligence as including the abilities demanded in the solution of problems which requires the comprehension and use of symbols.” The present study is focusing on the relation between the intelligence and Academic achievement of X class students in rural area and that too from the Government school. Intelligence plays a vital role on their children’s academic achievement. Different levels of intelligence are influencing the performance and curriculum achievement of the children’s in their different levels.