The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate Extended-release oxybutynin chloride tablets using a push-pull osmotic pump system. Oxybutynin HCL is a muscarinic antagonist used for the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency. PPOP are used to deliver drugs that are highly soluble in water. The drug is located in the upper compartment along with osmogent while the lower compartment consists of polymeric osmotic agents. The push pull technique has been formulated in the form of double-layer tablets by wet granulation. The nine formulations were prepared using oxybutynin chloride, HPMC, polyethylene oxide, Nacl, and other excipients, lubricants, and colouring agents. The tablets are coated with a semi-permeable membrane (cellulose acetate), followed by a film coating. The pre-compression parameters (Bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, Hausner ratio, and angle of repose) and post-compression parameters of the extended-release tablets (Hardness, friability, weight variation, thickness, and drug content) were all within limits. An FTIR study showed no interaction between API and HPMC and all excipients at the molecular level. In vitro release studies in 0.1 N HCl, and 6.0 phosphate buffer showed that the optimized F5 formulation extended the drug release by 93% after 24 h and the release profile was similar to a product from an innovator.

Endurance-type disciplines (running, cycling, biathlon) define the cyclic structure of an athlete's movements, which, in addition to functional parameters, also includes an adequate morphological profile and body composition. Based on the detection, analysis and evaluation of these parameters, it is possible to define the body composition of the competitors as well as possible mutual differences even though it is endurance sports. The results are all the more relevant if the profile of top athletes with notable results is being evaluated. The current case study analyzes the morphological dimensions and body composition of competitors of three different disciplines (middle and long distances, cycling, biathlon) of top-level competitors, members of national teams. The study was conducted: Uroš Gutić (UG) - runner middle and long distances, member of AK "Sarajevo" and the BIH athletic national team; Milan Milivojević (MM) – cyclist, member of Cycling club "Borac" Čačak (Serbia), and the member Serbian national team; Stefan Lopatić (SL) – biathlete, member SK "Romanija" Pale, and BIH national team.

The problem studied in this research are what are the weaknesses of the current regulation on defaulting on agreements with mortgage guarantees and how is the reconstruction of the regulation of defaulting the agreement with the guarantee of mortgage rights based on the value of Pancasila justice using a sociological juridical research approach, descriptive research specifications, primary and secondary data sources, data collection methods using literature studies and field studies, data analysis using qualitative. The results of the study shows that the Weaknesses in the regulation of default on agreements with mortgage guarantees currently is that there are weaknesses, namely from the aspect of legal substance, legal structure and legal culture. From the aspect of legal substance, there are legal rules regarding the implementation of the encumbrance of Mortgage Rights in a credit agreement. Aspects of the legal structure are still not synergized by law enforcement officers and take sides with one party, in fact often do not side with consumers. From the legal culture, it is necessary to socialize to the community to emphasize the existence of legal protection. Therefore the Reconstruction of the regulation of default of agreement with guarantee of mortgage based on the value of Pancasila justice is by reconstructing Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection in Article 2, Article 6, Article 14 Paragraph (3) and Article 20 Paragraph (1) of the Law. Number 4 of 1996 concerning Mortgage on Land and Objects Related to Land and the Civil Code Article 1243.

The main problem studied in this research is what are the weaknesses in the Enforcement of Corruption Act in Indonesia and how the legal construction based on justice value using a constructivism paradigm with a sociological juridical approach to solve research problems by examining secondary data and primary data by finding the legal reality experienced in the field as well as qualitative descriptive methods, namely where the data obtained are then arranged systematically so that a comprehensive picture will be obtained, where later the data will be presented descriptively. The Result Shows that The weaknesses of criminal justice regulations against corruption in the Indonesian legal system consist of the Substance Factors of the Supreme Court Law No. 1 of 2020 only limit the scope of application of Article 2 and Article 3 of the Law, The Legal Structure Factor, namely the composition of the Corruption Court judges, which consists of career judges and ad hoc judges, often does not focus on handling corruption cases because there are career judges who also handle other cases, And then The legal culture factor, that is the attitude of the people who regard corruption cases as a thing of the past and ignorant, the strong culture of reluctance. In order to tackle this, It is necessary to reconstruct the criminal justice regulations against corruption in order to realize fair law enforcement, namely through the establishment of a new permanent expansion of PERMA No. 1 of 2020 concerning Guidelines for the Criminalization of Article 2 and Article 3 of the Corruption Law in order to better reach other articles of corruption and reconstruct Article 10 paragraph (5) of Law No. 46 of 2009 concerning the Corruption Act Court to "The term of office of ad hoc judges is for a period of 5 (five) years and is proposed to be reappointed every 5 (five) years by the Supreme Court".

The formulation of the problem in this study is what are the weaknesses of the accountability for criminal acts of corruption involving corporations in Indonesia Currently and How is the reconstruction of the accountability for criminal acts of corruption involving corporations in Indonesia based on the justice value in a Sociological-Juridical Type of Research where the researcher's primary data refers to data or facts and legal cases that are obtained directly through research in the field, including information from respondents related to the object of research and practices that can be seen and related to the object of research. Secondary data is done by means of literature study. Secondary data in this study include: Primary legal materials, which consist of: 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law No. 2 of 2011 concerning Amendments to Law No. 2 of 2008 concerning Political Parties. The results of the study shows that the weakness of accountability for criminal acts of corruption involving corporations is from the aspect of legal substance, that the purpose of punishment in the Criminal Code has not been properly implemented in corporations. Weaknesses from the aspect of legal structure, that there is no synergy between law enforcers so that they are no longer fragmented, and weaknesses from aspects of legal culture, including the low loyalty of the law enforcement officers in carrying out and carrying out state duties, behavior patterns and professionalism. Apparatus is one of the main problems that must be studied for reform and become a solution in the enforcement of integral corporate criminal responsibility. Therefore the Reconstruction of accountability for criminal acts of corruption involving corporations based on the value of justice is in Article 15 and Article 20 paragraph 8 of Law Number 20 of 2001.

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a lesion that is often discovered incidentally in breast biopsies performed for benign or malignant lesions of the breast. More rarely, it may present as a palpable lesion. The term "Pseudoangiomatous" has been proposed to underline its particular histological aspect simulating a vascular proliferation. We report a case of PASH in a 42-year-old female patient presenting as a recurrent lesion that resulted in a considerable and rapid increase in breast volume (135 x 100 x 97mm) requiring a large lumpectomy with muscular-fat remodeling. Angiosarcoma and fibroadenoma remain the main differential diagnoses. Anatomopathological examination allows us to eliminate them, in particular through immunohistochemistry.

It is not unusual in Nigeria for persons to engage in confrontation with law enforcement officers in Nigeria at the point of attempt to arrest them. This nation became saddled with this development on the evening of the 24th day of May 2022 when virtually all the television channels in Nigeria and the social media was agog with live pictures from the Abuja, Federal Capital Territory residence of His Excellency Senator Rochas Okorocha. The operatives of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (hereinafter referred to as EFCC) with the Nigerian Police in an attempt to arrest the senator encountered resistance as he refused to surrender himself to the law enforcement agents but rather locked all the entrances to his residence. Reasonable force was deployed and some part of the roof and ceiling was pulled off in order to secure access to before he was arrested. This paper seeks to question the propriety or impropriety of the destruction of his property in an attempt to arrest the Senator without warrant of arrest; to examine the immunity of the senator from arrest being a serving senator and a former Governor of a State under the Nigerian laws in comparison with what obtains in foreign jurisdictions.

The complex intercommunication between the pulpal and periodontal tissues may result in the formation of endodontic periodontal lesions. The relationship between the pulpoperiapical and periodontal microflora explains the possibility of infection spreading between the root canal and the periodontal pocket. The associated tooth has periodontal involvement in the form of either pocket, clinical attachment loss, furcation loss, or other infrabony defects and also pulpoperiapical disease. The diagnosis of endodontic periodontal diseases can sometimes be challenging to make an accurate diagnosis. We report a case of a 34 years old female patient with an endo-perio lesion in the right lower second molar # 47 which was previously treated with endodontic therapy followed by prosthetic rehabilitation. We highlight the need for adequate endodontic management and the importance of maintaining proper prosthetic contour for the prevention of endodontic periodontal lesions. In our case, the endodontic periodontal was the result of inadequate endodontic treatment by the dental clinician. Hence with this case, we reiterate the importance of adequate and complete endodontic treatment and also the need to follow the tooth contours during prosthetic rehabilitation as a preventive protocol for endodontic periodontal lesions.

Optical constants such as refractive index, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient and the real (εr) and imaginary (εi) components of the dielectric constant for CuSO4.5H2O (10-100%) concentrations were determined from the visible light Optical transmission data. Results of visible light transmission analysis in the solutions have shown that in dilute solutions the dielectric constant real and imaginary parts are linear. The addition of dissolved cu+2 and so4-2 ions above (80%) concentrations results in a drop in dielectric constant.

Education has been started to be stored in the computer away from our minds. : It is aimed through the paper to specify the need of University in correct context through the case study of Madan Bhandari Memorial Academy Nepal. It is conducted using content analysis through consultation. It has worked on 7 projects out of 8 projects within the year 2021-2022. Most of the projects were under Dr. A.K. Mishra who was key scientist. Excessive pressure to attain regular class. Regular absenteeism of teachers was common issue. The management found guilty for hiding weakness of MBMAN by asking to do self-library study, unit test and group study in absence of teacher. This university will be solution for developing sustainable economy focusing self-employment, employee in the nation overcoming high foreign deployment and it will also promote local technology and skills covering school drop outs at various levels. Research based performance evaluation indicator should be introduced in Teachers performance evaluation as proposed. Regularity of faculty should be assured.

By the provision of Section 36(1)(5) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended), every accused is entitled to the right to fair hearing and to the presumption of innocence until proven guilty in accordance with procedure permitted by law. In a complementary manner to the Constitution, the administration of criminal justice Act, 2015 of the Country, provides for host of procedures which shall be complied with by the police in criminal investigation. One such provision is Section 6, 15(3) and 17(2) of the Act which provides suspect with the right to silence until after consultation with a legal practitioner of his choice, members of the Legal Aid Council, and members of a Civil Society or other persons of his choice. The Act requires further that statement when volunteered, shall be video or audio recorded and shall be recorded in the presence of a counsel for the suspect or other persons of his choice without providing consequences for non-compliance. Instead, the evidence Act of the Country, 2011 provides for the admissibility of evidence improperly obtained where the same is relevant. In this paper, the writer using the doctrinal research method explores the question whether the legal regime on the admissibility of improperly obtained evidence under the Act, is inconsistent with the international standard on the right to fair hearing enshrined in the Constitution. In the final analysis, the writer makes recommendations for reform.

Background: Episiotomy is the most common surgical incision in midwifery. It's important to study the frequency of episiotomy and its associated factors in women with spontaneous vaginal delivery SVD. Therefore, this study conducted to determine the prevalence of episiotomy and the affecting factors of performing episiotomy among delivering women in King Salman Armed Forces Hospital in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study is a descriptive “prospective” cross sectional design. Done among all women who are delivered with spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) in KSAFWRH labour and delivery ward. Results: Overall responders are 215 of total 300 research tools were analysed using SPSS 22 software. 132 the indication was prime parity, 66 were because of rigid perineum, while 63 were due to baby distress .The prime who had episiotomy due to prime parity were 132(91.06%), while the multi paras had episiotomy due to rigid perineum with 39(59.09%). There is a significant relation in the fetal distress and history of C/S and child birth attendance with most of the variables. Conclusion: The primary objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of episiotomy and the affecting factors of performing episiotomy among delivering women. 300 research tool was distributed to midwifes to fill for each active vaginal delivery case, excluded 93 paper due to incomplete data. Within 207 complete research tools findings are showing 132 the indication was prime parity, 66 were because of rigid perineum, while 63 were due to baby distress .The prime who had episiotomy due to prime parity were 132(91.06%), while the multi paras had episiotomy due to rigid perineum with 39(59.09%). Chi- Square test was applied to calculate the p-value, there is a significant relation in the fetal distress and history of C/S and child birth attendance with most of the variables.

Purpose of current study is to investigate the different trends of breastfeeding in Pakistani culture. Pakistani culture has been divided into three types, rural culture, semi-rural and urban culture. Natures and habits of breastfeeding are changing in these cultures. Author has used quantitative data in this study. Questionnaire has been developed from previous approved studies and conducted a survey in Pakistani culture. Sample size is 90 mothers who are breastfeeding or well aware about the breastfeeding in Pakistan. This is a quantitative study that has found that mothers are trying to breast feed in urban, rural and semi-rural areas. Mothers are facing many issues regarding breastfeeding. These issues are linked with the social problems and most of the mothers have less knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding. It has found that general public is not feeling good to breastfeed at working place or public places. Current study has recommended some suggestion to the health organizations and Government to increase the breastfeeding trends in Pakistan. Current study will help the government and other health organizations to launch a campaign relevant to the breastfeeding that will increase this trend in Pakistan.

Background: Genital prolapse is a very common gynaecological disorder in Bangladesh but women do not admit this problem due to shame, ignorance, social taboo and insolvency. The rural scenario is much more disastrous. Objective: To determine the risk factors & outcome of operative procedures of genital prolapse. Material & Methods: It was a cross sectional study. The research work had been carried out from July, 2019 to December, 2019 in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmad Medical College Hospital, Gazipur. Hospital women patients had been caring with genital prolapse were considered in this study and asked for proper history. Data was collected by using pre-design questionnaire. All the patients included in the study were evaluated by detailed history, through physical examination and relevant laboratory investigations. The maximum extend of the prolapse was clinically measured during a valsalva maneuver or coughing and was confirmed by the patient as being the most severe protrusion. Written informed consent to participate in this study was taken. Result: The mean age was found 59±5.4 years with range from 50 to 70 years. Educational status of the patients, 85(85%) patients were illiterate & marital status more than half 52 (52%) Patients were living with husband and 47 (47%) patients were widow. Regarding occupational status, Three forth 72 (72%) Patients were housewives, 18(18%) were day laborer and 10 (10%) were worker. 23% patients were underweight, 67% patients had average body weight and 10 % were obese. Primi para were found 2(2%) multipara were 53 (53%) and grand multi para were 45 (45%). Number of living child of the patients. 1-2 child were found 10(10%) patients, 3-4 child were 48 (48%) and ≥5 child were 42 (42%) patients. History of abdominal surgery was found in 6(6%) patients, vaginal delivery was found in 100 (100%) Patients, home delivery was in 90 (90%), majority 44(44%) patients had prolong labour during delivery and 2% had instrumental delivery. 60% patients did heavy work during puerperium, 32% did moderate work and only 8% did light work. 31% patients were engaged in heavy physical activities, 20% suffered from chronic cough and 15 % suffered from chronic constipation. 85% patients were delivered by untrained birth attendant. 100(100%) patients had felling of something coming down, 20(20%) had retention of urine, 92(92%) had frequency of micturition, 51(51%) had backache, 53(53%) had difficulty in emptying bladder, 41(41%) had burning during micturition, 45(45%) had constipation, 38(38%) had stress incontinence, 25(25%) had dragging pain in lower abdomen, 22 (22.0%) had white discharge and 5 (5%) had irreducible prolapse. 80(80%) patients had 2nd degree of uterine prolapses, 15(15%) patients had 1st degree & only 5(5%) patients had 3rd degree of uterine prolapses. 90 (90%) patients had moderate cystocele, 69(69%) patients had moderate rectocele, 27(27%) patients had urethrocele, 36(36%) had decubitus ulcer, 40(40%) had stress incontinence and 17 (17%) had elongation of cervix. management of the study population by vaginal hysterectomy with anterior colporrhaphy and posterior colpoperineorrhaphy 70(70%), anterior colporrhaphy 15(15%), posterior colpoperineorrhaphy 5(5%), pelvic floor repair 10(10%).20(20%) had pyrexia, 5(5%) had hemorrhage, 15(15%) had urinary infection, 4 (4%) had local sepsis and 3(3%) had urinary retention. complete relief was found 93(93%) and 7 (7%) had partial relief. Conclusion: Genital Prolapse has a very high prevelance in multiparous women. There is a significant association between genital prolapse, history of collagen disease and childbirth-related pelvic floor trauma. Pyrexia and urinary infection were more common complication after surgical procedures of genital prolapse. Complete relief was found 93.0% of the patients.

The purpose of study was to find out the effect of concurrent neuromuscular training and football game practice on agility. To achieve the purpose of the study, forty five school boys who actively participate the physical activity from Alagappa Physical Fitness Academy, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, were selected as subject at random. Their age group range between 11 to 12 years. The study was formulated as pre and post-test random group design, in which forty five subjects were divided into three equal groups. The experimental group-1 (n=15, NMTbFGP) underwent neuromuscular training before football game practice, the experimental group-2 (n=15, NMTaFGP) underwent neuromuscular training after football game practice and group 3 served as a control group (n=15, CG). The agility was selected as criterion variable. It was measured by 4x10 meters shuttle run test. The selected two treatment groups were performed five days in a week for the period of six weeks, as per the stipulated training program. The nature of agility was tested before and after the training period. The collected pre and post data was critically analyzed with apt statistical tool of one way analysis of co-variance, for observed the significant adjusted post-test mean difference of three groups. The Scheffe’s post hoc test was used to find out pair-wise comparisons between groups. To test the hypothesis 0.05 level of significant was fixed. The study proved that both treatment groups have statistically produced significant effect of agility.