This study is an analytical descriptive research, and has aimed at identifying the role of the social worker in working with conditions and diseases that need to be assisted with behavioral therapy in government hospitals and identifying obstacles that limit his role, to proposals to overcome those constraints. The study has been applied to a random sample of 54 specialists and social workers working in government hospitals in Jazan region during the first quarter of 1440H. A questionnaire researcher was adopted as a data collection tool in order to identify the actual role of the social worker in the field of Behavioral therapy in government hospitals and to identify the obstacles facing the social worker in working with Behavioral therapy cases or patients in government hospitals and to reach proposals to activate the role of social worker in working with Behavioral therapy cases or patients in government hospitals. The results showed that the specialist plays an active role in the field of Behavioral therapy in government hospitals such as (assisting the patient in obtaining services in the hospital and defining the plan treatment to the patient family. The presence of obstacles facing the social worker in working with Behavioral therapy cases or patients in government hospitals such as low awareness of the nature of the work of the social worker and insufficient training courses available to social workers with Behavioral therapy cases or patients and lack of knowledge of the family of the patient about the importance of the role of the social worker in working with Behavioral therapy cases or patients and In order to activate the role of the social worker in working with Behavioral therapy cases or patients and overcome the obstacles, a number of proposals were suggested, such as: Cooperation with the institutions concerned with Behavioral therapy cases patients to activate The role of the social worker and the description of the role of social medical specialist with Behavioral therapy cases or patients within the guide of policies and procedures of social service medical approved by the ministry and the survey of the views of patients to identify the positive and negative aspects of the services provided to them.

Washington Irving was the first American to gain international recognition for his remarkable creation, Rip Van Winkle, and is the best known and best loved of American folklore characters. Washington Ring was not only a brilliant historian, but he was also a superb biographer. During his first three and a half years in Spain, he spent a lot of time reading extensively. The majority of his time was spent at the library, and the subjects of his research notes were Arabs and Arab culture. In this study, we will investigate the personal and cultural factors that led Washington Irving to write about the Arab world. While travelling, Irving "thought of producing a collection of tales of various places made of legends," as he wrote in his journal. A closer examination reveals deeper connections between the two endeavours (gathering legends and developing a pan-history) than it at first appears. A list of Irving's Arabesque works should show how important they are in relation to the rest of his work and how much reading and research went into them. This research will utilise Irving's extensive readings to provide a historical context for the major traditions that will be examined, while also providing an overview of the current condition of orientalism in relation to Arab culture. To illustrate Arab culture, I will analyse every facet of Orientalism in Irving's works (settings, satire, history, fiction, etc.) and see how they relate to the study of Arabic literature. This work will encourage future researchers to conduct a thorough examination of Irving's background research that compelled him to write his other works.

Objectives: The systematic review objective was designed to assess the effects of local interventions used for the prevention and treatment of pain associated with orthodontic treatments. Methods: A digital literature search was carried out between 2000 and 2022 in the following databases, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews. Results: Orthodontic patients' quality of life was significantly impacted negatively by the discomfort associated with fixed orthodontic equipment. There were poor dental hygiene, slurred speech, difficulty chewing, movable teeth, decreased taste, halitosis, and gingival bleeding which were frequently the main indicators of pain. Conclusion: Patients might, to some extent, prevent pain and suffering with the support of effective orthodontist- patient dialogue and targeted dietary guidance. However, analgesics continue to be a trusted and widely used method for subsiding painful sensations.

Background: Smoking is the non-communicable and chronic disease of lungs. This study determines the rate of prevalence and determinants of smoking among school students in rural community of Lahore. Significance: This study was conducted to determine the factors that effects on their health status include both physiological and psychological status and how it influences on their personality development. Methodology: Descriptive cross sectional quantitative study was conducted at Malikpur community Lahore. Researchers collected the sample by using simple random sampling technique. Total out of 90 students the 73 students voluntarily participated in this study. Result: The findings of the study showed that prevalence of smoking among school students was 30.1% in which the female students was excluded.15.1% students smoke for pleasure seeking while 5.5% smoke due to stress and 4.1% smoke because of peers pressure and 2.7% smoke due to curiosity. Conclusion: There is a need to conduct preventive programs to focus on various social and behavioral aspects to help in smoking cessation and reduce prevalence and determinants of smoking.

The growing complexity of financial markets and the acceleration of data availability have highlighted the limitations of traditional credit scoring systems, which often rely on static information and lagging indicators. This study investigates the integration of artificial intelligence with high-frequency data to enable real-time credit risk monitoring. Using a dataset comprising over 150,000 credit application records, the research compares the performance of three machine learning models: logistic regression, gradient boosting (XGBoost), and deep neural networks. Emphasis is placed on evaluating these models under a simulated real-time environment using rolling-window updates, replicating the continuous flow of new borrower information. The results reveal that gradient boosting consistently outperforms the other models across multiple metrics, including AUC, F1 score, and recall, while also maintaining accuracy over time. Feature importance analysis identifies debt-to-income ratio, credit history length, and loan amount as the most predictive indicators of credit default. The study further demonstrates the practical applicability of AI in real-time settings by simulating model performance over multiple 30-day intervals, showcasing the resilience and adaptability of the models, particularly XGBoost. This research contributes to the field by providing a replicable framework for deploying real-time credit risk models and offers evidence that high-frequency data, when paired with interpretable machine learning techniques, enhances both the speed and accuracy of credit evaluations. These findings have broad implications for lenders, regulators, and technology providers seeking to modernize risk assessment in an increasingly data-driven financial landscape.

This paper explores the evolving realities of estate management in Nigeria’s public institutions, focusing on persistent challenges and emerging opportunities. Drawing on secondary literature, the study highlights weak governance, financial constraints, cultural inertia, and professional capacity deficits as barriers that hinder effective estate management. Findings reveal that these systemic challenges limit transparency, accountability, and the strategic integration of estate management into institutional objectives. However, the analysis also identifies opportunities for reform through eco-friendly maintenance practices, digital innovation, professional training, and governance reforms that emphasize transparency and accountability. The study argues that estate management must transition from reactive, fragmented approaches to proactive and sustainability-oriented practices. By integrating transparency, professional development, and long-term planning into their estate management systems, Nigerian public institutions can enhance accountability, optimize resources, and position themselves as exemplars of sustainable governance. This shift is essential for institutional resilience and national development.

Indonesia is ranked 5th in the world for the highest prevalence of stunting with a prevalence of stunting reaching 37% (nearly 9 million children under five). The Indonesian government has carried out a series of strategies to reduce the prevalence of stunting. The purpose of this scientific work is to describe the government's strategy in efforts to reduce stunting in Indonesia to prepare for the 2045 golden generation, and to describe the implementation of the National Strategy in the National Action Plan for the Acceleration of Reducing Stunting Rates in Indonesia (RAN- PASTI) to prepare for the 2045 Golden Generation. Results: The results of this study are (1) The stunting management strategy is also included in the 2020-2024 RPJMN planning document. In the RPJMN, the handling of stunting is included in the 3rd Development Agenda, namely Increasing Qualified and Competitive Human Resources. (2) Implementation of the National Strategy in the National Action Plan for the Acceleration of Reducing Stunting Rates in Indonesia (RAN-PASTI) to Prepare for the 2045 Golden Generation RAN-PASTI is an implementation guideline for the National Strategy, mechanism for implementing work procedures, as well as Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting on the implementation of Acceleration Reducing stunting to achieve the target of a stunting prevalence rate of 14% in 2024 according to the mandate of Presidential Regulation No. 72 of 2021.

With advancement of technology at present health monitoring is one of the most emerging fields. Recently Internet of things is used in various applications like remote monitoring of parameters; control the process far away from the plant etc. In our work we used internet of things to design a health monitoring system using Arduino and several sensor network. This system will monitor the body temperature, environmental temperature, humidity, heart rate and fall detection of the patients. The measured value will be communicated to the thingspeak cloud platform. The thingspeak will read the values and send an alert message to the responsible person in the family and also to the respective doctors to do the immediate aid for the patients under abnormal conditions.

The purpose of this study was to Analyze The Use of Muhammadiyah Trademark on A Charity Business Marketing Based On Religious Justice. The research method used by the author is a normative-empirical research method. The data collection method used is library research, observation, interviews, and data analysis methods are using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study shows that Religious Value in the Marketing of Muhammadiyah Charity Business Products are based on the belief in one and only God, meaning that everything that is done is in order to seek benefit and benefit, as is the case for example in Muhammadiyah education establishing many schools, madrasas, Islamic boarding schools and other orphanages solely because upholding religious values in which by building places to seek knowledge is a very noble glory and this, of course, are the result of the hard work of the Management of Muhammadiyah. An organization, whether it’s non profit or not need a trademark that shows their reputation and goodwill. Therefore The Use of Muhammadiyah Trademark on A Charity Business Marketing can be justified to be Based On Religious Justice as it is for the need for the Ummah itself.

This analysis examines a non-uniform heat source or sink, the flow of a power-law fluid induced by vertical parallel plates, and heat transfer using variable viscosity and thermal conductivity. Temperature likely exponentially changes viscosity and thermal conductivity. The implicit finite difference approach solves governing partial differential equations. Power-law index, Prandtl number, variable viscosity, and thermal conductivity are analysed. Skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are graphically depicted to analyse channel fluid behaviour.

Dental trauma causing crown-root fracture is among utmost challenging types of dental traumas in terms of management, which often involves maxillary permanent incisors prior to completion of their root development and can result in tooth loss The goal of this case was to give a clinical example of rehabilitation of a complex crown-root fracture of the right maxillary central incisor that was treated successfully using a multidisciplinary approach that also included surgical crown lengthening. In the follow-ups, the final result was aesthetically pleasing and periodontally sound.

Internationally, public health systems are under pressure to fulfill rising healthcare demand while facing increasing financial constraints. The amount of health outcomes that can be obtained with public healthcare spending must consequently be maximized. The debate of resource allocation in medical systems is crucial because, in systems with various financing sources, resources used to treat one sickness or person cannot be used to treat another condition or person. Initiatives to improve quality and safety are essential throughout the health care system. It is crucial to use a variety of process improvement strategies to spot inefficiencies and provide patients with unnecessary, yet preventable, carousing various techniques and tools for quality improvement, including as Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA), Six Sigma, and others. Several of the Global Sustainable Development Goals have included the idea of fairness in the delivery of health services, particularly the goal of universal health coverage. The efficiency of healthcare delivery at both the operational and system levels continue to be a topic of study as a result of rising healthcare expenditures and limited resources. Therefore, given little resources and complex population health needs, health planners and managers have had to struggle with striking a balance between the two.

Eosinophilic colitis is a rare condition included in the groupof eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorder, that are charac-terized by a high eosinophilic infiltrate in the gut wall, withoutevidence of other causes [1]. We report in this case the clinical presentation as well as the macroscopic and histological aspect of this pathological entity in adults.

The reality that the KSA healthcare system was unable to control the virus's spread and the associated mortality rate created several managerial and clinical challenges for the industry. This emphasizes the necessity of setting up efficient and useful guidelines, policies, and processes in healthcare systems to prepare for crisis management during a pandemic like covid-19. the study aims to identify effective, resilient, health policies to fight against health crises and some changes accrued in health management and services in the healthcare sector and to determine the effects of the covid 19 pandemic in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia the study utilizes a cross-sectional method on on 500 health care employee on Hafar Al Batin Central Hospital the result Shown Challenges that affected the healthcare management team on personal and hospital levels the most important healthcare management input that was unavailable during the pandemic was the level of preparedness for covid-19 and future health emergencies Strategic measures are being taken to minimize the spread of covid-19 Changes that have occurred in Saudi Arabia's healthcare institutions in preparation for future health emergencies introducing different health and safety measures, processes, and procedures. However, managing the number of infections and deaths reported within the country was still a significant challenge identifying key challenges and difficulties faced by healthcare managers in preventing the further spread of the virus and protecting the uninfected patients and the healthcare workers in KSA, identifying. The study will also contribute to the existing literature as it has identified key strategies and policies that have been put in place by healthcare institutions in preparation for future pandemics and health emergencies.

Introduction: Erythrocyte fetomaternal incompatibility is defined by the binding of erythrocyte alloantibodies of a pregnant woman to fetal antigens, inherited from the father. Alloantibodies are produced by the immune system after prior contact with these same antigens during transfusion, transplant or previous pregnancy. In Morocco, data concerning fetomaternal incompatibilities are insufficient despite the severe cases of hemolytic disease in newborns recorded. Our aim is to determine the prevalence of anti-erythrocytes alloimmunizations in Moroccan pregnant women as well as the frequencies of alloantibody specificities. Patients and Methods: A population of parturients with no obstetrical history was randomly recruited to the Blood Bank of Kenitra. A second population was formed by pregnant women referred to the Regional Blood Transfusion Center of Rabat for reasons of obstetrical and/or immunohaematological history. The tests were carried out using the gel cards and 2 panels of 11 red blood cells. Antibody titration was performed by indirect Coombs technique. Results: Immunohematological tests and analysis of clinical-biological data made it possible to detect and confirm alloimmunization in 16 RhD negative and positive women. The prevalence of alloimmunization in RhD negative women is 2.46 % and the prevalence of alloimmunization in both RhD-/+ parturients was 1,06 %. In parturients with an obstetric history, the frequencies of alloantibodies are respectively 35.48% (11/31) and 100% (3/3) directed against 7 antigenic specificities: D, C, E, c, e, Jka and s. None of the parturients had received timely anti-D prophylaxis or prenatal RhD genotyping. Conclusion: The discussion of our results highlights the problem of the management of pregnant women at risk of alloimmunization, putting Morocco in front of a challenge of setting up a health policy, including above all the training of health professionals and the accessibility at the national level to the biological examinations necessary for the follow-up of the pregnant women to reduce the prevalence of the HDFN.