Consumptions, in decades; had taken the highest allocation compared to capital expenditure, as confirmed from the current 2023 appropriation bill that was laid before the national assembly. This study seeks to investigate the effect of government consumptions on performance of annual capital expenditure in Nigeria. Government consumptions was proxied by Administration, Economic services, Social and Community services, and Transfers’ consumptions while performance of annual capital expenditure was proxied by aggregate annual capital expenditure. The study employed ex- post facto research design, and used descriptive statistic and ordinary least square regression techniques to analyze the data. Secondary data used were sourced from the Federal Ministry of Finance and the Office of Accountant-General of the Federation, over a period of forty-one years (1981-2021). The data collected were analyzed using Johansen Co- integration test and vector error correction model (VECM). The findings revealed that besides administrative consumption, other explanatory variables economic service consumption, social and community services consumption, and transfers’ consumption had positive and significant effect on the performance of annual capital expenditure. The study concluded that changes in the performance of annual capital expenditure are explained by changes in government consumptions. The study suggested, amongst others; that Government should put in place mechanisms, such as adequate internal control system; to reduce wastages in administrative consumption.

A study based on spatial distribution of Scorodophloeus zenkeri was performed in the device 400ha Biaro forest. Both specie has multiple uses, including industrial exploitation by the quality of wood. An inventory of the forest potential of these specie were made based on values in abscissa (x) and ordonna (y) for all individuals. At the end of this inventory, 9115 feet were counted with 9098 feet at reserve Yoko and 17 individuals at Biaro forest. The spatial distribution of individuals of both specie is aleator type at reserve Yoko and aggregated type at Biaro forest.

Atypical meningioma is often treated adequately by complete surgical resection and subsequent radiation therapy. Nevertheless, radiation therapy should be reassessed in the management of younger patients and particularly in individuals harboring NF2 genetic mutation. To the best of our knowledge this is the third case of post radiation transformation of atypical meningioma in an adolescent male after reviewing the available English literature. Kew wards: Post radiation, atypical meningioma, transformation, sarcomatous meningioma, NF2 mutation.

To find solution for XOR problem we are considering two widely used software that is being relied on by many software developers for their work. The first software is Google Colab tool which can be used to implement ANN programs by coding the neural network using python. This tool is reliable since it supports python language for its implementation. The other major reason is that we can use GPU and TPU processors for the computation process of the neural network. The major advantage of this is that for complex Neural Networks instead of using CPU present in the user’s system we can use those two processors through online mode without purchasing such processors for our computation. The next software that can be used for implementing ANN is Matlab Simulink. This software is used for highly calculative and computational tasks such as Control System, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Digital Signal Processing and many more. Matlab is highly efficient and easy to code and use when compared to any other software. This is because Matlab stores data in the form of matrices and computes them in this fashion. Matlab in collaboration with Simulink can be used to manually model the Neural Network without the need of any code or knowledge of any coding language. Since Simulink is integrated with Matlab we can also code the Neural Network in Matlab and obtain its mathematically equivalent model in Simulink. Also, Matlab has a dedicated tool in its library to implement neural network called NN tool. Using this tool, we can directly add the data for input, desired output, or target. After inserting the required data, we can train the network with the given dataset and receive appropriate graph’s which will be helpful in analyzing the data. Once the Neural Network is trained, we can test the network through this tool and verify the obtained results.

Introduction: Classical Tubularized Incised-plate Urethroplasty (TIP) is a surgical procedure used to repair hypospadias, which is a birth defect in which the opening of the urethra located on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcome of classical tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute, Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2022. Total 53 patients were included in this study. Result: In the current study, the mean age of participants was 43.08±21.72 months where the minimum age was 12 months and maximum age was 103 months. The mean weight of participants was 19.25±7.78 kg. The mean penile length of participants was 35.9±8.05 mm. The mean operation time was 73.24±4.80 minutes. Mean operation cost was 277.50±40.46 US$. Mean hospital stay was 10.7±0.75 days. In our study, 15.09% had UC fistula, 5.66% had wound infection and 7.54% had meatal stenosis. Follow up period was 7.9±2.1 months. In this study, more than half (50.94%) had distal penile hypospadias, 28.30% had coronal hypospadias and 20.75% had sub-coronal hypospadias. Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, Tubularized Incised-plate (TIP) urethroplasty is found to be a safe and reliable technique for hypospadias repair. The rate of complications was found low in TIP urethroplasty.

Notification of Commencement of Investigation is a letter issued by an investigator addressed to the public prosecutor which aims to notify an investigation into a case. The Public Prosecutor will respond to the Letter of Notification of the Commencement of the Investigation by appointing a Research Prosecutor to follow the investigation process. This study discusses the problem of regulatory weaknesses in the delivery of an order to commence an investigation to the current reported party and efforts to reconstruct the arrangements in submitting an order to begin an investigation to the reported party based on the value of justice. The approach method in this research is socio-legal research. The results of the study found that there was a weakness in the regulation in submitting an order to commence the investigation of the Constitutional Court within 7 (seven) working days. There is no apparent sanction for the investigator if, after 7 (seven) days, the notification letter for the commencement of the investigation is submitted to the reported party. Thus the complainant feels that his rights as a citizen have been degraded. Reconstruction of arrangements in the delivery of the warrant for the start of an investigation to the reported justice based on the non- involvement of the reporting party and the reported party in submitting the Notification of Commencement of Investigation and also regarding the deadline for submission and there are no sanctions for investigators who are late in submitting the Notice of Commencement of Investigation to the public prosecutor, reporter and reported.

The days when HR professionals would organize meetings and execute policies no longer exist. Instead, they are now focused on creating and implementing new strategies and procedures. With the rise of social media, just a few clicks or a post on Facebook or another online platform is enough to publicize a change in the organization. This article aims to analyze the impact of social media on various HR practices like (talent acquisition, talent management, performance management, talent retention and employer branding) and also explores the various risks associated with these practices. This article aims to help corporate pioneers and managers implement social media as an instrument to manage their organizations' policies and practices.

The present study is aimed at studying the degree of perceived mental health among teachers working in private and government schools with particular reference to Begusarai district of North Bihar, India. It is generally observed that teachers differ to each other in respect of their institutional values, other related opportunities and problems, therefore, the present investigation is planned to make a comparative study of perceived mental health among teachers working in private and government schools of Begusarai district– a well-known town of North Bihar. The sample of the present investigation consisted of one hundred sixty (N = 160) teachers comprising Government School (n=80) and Private School (n=80) randomly selected from different corners of Begusarai district where teachers resides. It was hypothesized that teachers working in private school in Begusarai district would have better mental health in comparison to the teachers working in government schools especially in Begusarai district. A standardized mental health inventory developed by Jagdish and Srivatava (2003) was administered individually on the sample. This inventory also consists of 6 dimensions such as self- evolution, perception of reality, integration of personality, autonomy and stability, growth oriented attitude and environmental mastery. In this inventory high score indicates good mental health. Finally, results revealed significant difference between means of two groups of private and government school teachers as t was found statistically significant. Although, government school teacher has been found to have better mental health as compared to private school teachers, hence, such discrepancy of results has been discussed in detail by giving probable reasons.

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We decided to report a case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the small intestine in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 because of the increase of its incidence as shown in the literature, also, by its revelation; its occurrence in a picture of acute peritonitis due to the rupture of the tumor. These tumors, commonly called by their English acronym GIST (Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumors), found in people with neurofibromatosis type 1 generally occur in the small intestine and are often multiple.

Introduction: Adenomyosis is a common, estrogen-dependent, a benign gynaecological disease characterized by endometrial glands and stroma invading, implanting, and proliferating within the myometrium to form diffuse or localized lesions. Adenomyosis is common in women of childbearing age. The signs and symptoms include dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, abnormal uterine bleeding, enlarged uterus, dyspareunia, and infertility, which can seriously affect the patient’s quality of life. The prevalence of adenomyosis varies widely from 5% to 70%, depending on the method used for diagnosis and the rate of diagnosis during hysterectomy is approximately 20– 30%. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness between LNG-IUS and Dienogest among the woman with symptomatic adenomyosis. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial and was conducted in the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July, 2021 to June, 2022. We included 20 patients with symptomatic adenomyosis diagnosis confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound in this study. All patients were divided by sequentially numbered sealed opaque envelops into two groups- Group A (who received LNG-IUS) & Group B ( who received dienogest). Among of 20 patients, 10 were in each group. Group A patients received LNG-IUS and group B patients received tablet dienogest(2mg) daily. VAS (visual analog scale) score, amount of uterine bleeding was assessed and uterine volume was measured by transvaginal ultrasound 3 months later. Result: In total 20 patients from both the groups completed the study. In our study we found majority of our patients (75%) were aged between 25 to 34 years old and 25 % were aged between 35 to 45 years old. We found the Mean ± SD of age was 34.80 ± 3.79 & 28.60 ± 3.17 respectively in group A & B. In group A and group B the mean of VAS at baseline & 3rd month was 9.10 ± 0.84 & 1.10 ± 1.10 and 8.75 ± 1.14 & 4.30 ± 2.41 respectively. At baseline the uterine volume was 268.08 ± 118.28 & 202.32 ± 117.76 and at 3rd month was 210.10 ±105.49 & 202.77 ± 118.33 among group A & B respectively the mean of hemoglobin level was 10.87 ±1.42 &10.82±0.64 at base line and 11.57 ±1.33 & 11.09± 0.53 after 3rd months in group A and group B respectively. Before treatment heavy menstruation was found 80% & 80% in group A & B respectively. After 3rd month correction of heavy menstruation was found 100% in group A. Among them amenorrhea was found 20% and regular menstruation was found 80%. Correction of heavy menstruation was found 50% in group B. Among them amenorrhea was found 20% and regular menstruation was found 30 %. Conclusion: In our study, we tried to evaluate the effects of LNG-IUS and dienogest on patients with symptomatic adenomyosis. We found that LNG-IUS is a useful tool for HMB and dysmenorrhea in women of all ages. In this study the LNG-IUS is proved to be an effective approach compared to dienogest to treat adenomyosis. Its use effectively reduced the severity of symptoms including heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhoea, uterine volume and improved laboratory outcomes.

Ovarian non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is an extremely rare tumor. It accounts for 1.5% of ovarian cancers and 0.5% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). It is most often a secondary location of a disseminated lymphomatous disease. We report on a patient managed in the department for this condition.

This paper presents the implementation of separating the linear and non-linear data using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. First let us understand what linear and non-linear datasets are. Linear datasets are the data that can be easily separable using a straight line. Such data are usually easy to implement in Artificial Neural Networks as they require a smaller number of hidden layers for its computation. Less layers implies a smaller number of weights assigned to the nodes present between the layers and less amount of time needed is needed to compute and update the weights for the current neural network. Hence linear datasets are easy to train and model. Whereas non-linear datasets are those datasets which cannot be separated by a straight line. For such datasets more hidden layers and weights are required and also more time and computational power is needed for a system to update the weights and train the model to give a better and sophisticated output data. As a result, training and modeling such neural network is tedious due to its complexity. To solve this problem SVM comes into picture. SVM stands for Support Vector Machine which is a machine or an algorithm that helps in classification and diversifying the data given to it. The data provided to the Support Vector Machine (SVM) should be a labeled one. Then these datasets are given to a training model where the training process of the neural network is being undergone. Once the training is completed, the next step is to predict the output. For this process we have to provide a new data that may or may not belong to the dataset, so that the neural network can predict the output of it. If the prediction is wrong, again the training is done until we get the actual output matching with the desired output given by the designer for verification purposes. This is the basic working process under the SVM algorithm. The linear data that is used for this separation is an Iris dataset that contains various information about the different plant-life growing from 2002-2004.

Introduction: Epidural anesthesia and analgesia have the potential to reduce or eliminate the perioperative physiologic stress responses to surgery and thereby decrease surgical complications and improve outcomes. This study aimed to integrate experimental and clinical data addressing the physiologic effects of epidural anesthesia and postoperative epidural analgesia on surgical patients and to review the real and potential benefits of this technology concerning patient outcomes. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Anesthesia, Upazilla Health Complex, Daganbhuiya, Feni, Bangladesh. The study was carried out from June 2020 to July 2021. A total of 110 patients were selected as study subjects as per inclusion criteria. Result: Out of 110 study subjects 20 (18.19%) subjects were in the 25-30 years age group, 30 (27.27%) were in the 31-35 years age group and the rest 60 (54.54%) were in >35 years, age group. Regarding the region of surgery done, 50% of subjects underwent lower abdominal surgery, 20% underwent surgery of lower extremities, 15% underwent labor pain, and the rest 15% underwent cardiothoracic surgery. Concerning intraoperative complication, hypotension was predominant which constituted 9% of total study subjects followed by nausea & vomiting seen in 3% of patients. 2.5% of patients had bradycardia, 2% experienced hypertension, only 1% of patients had tachycardia, and none experienced poor anesthesia. In terms of postoperative complications, post-dural puncture headache was predominant which was seen in 4% of patients, 2% had prolonged ICU stay, 2% had cardiopulmonary complications, 1% had postoperative pain, and 1% experienced occlusion of catheter and catheter fragment retention. It was seen that 95.5% of total patients did not need ephedrine or atropine, only 2% of patients needed ephedrine during the operation due to hypotension and 2.5% needed atropine during the operation due to bradycardia. Regarding the advantages of epidural anesthesia, reduced ileus was seen in 105 (95.45%) patients, reduced length of hospital stay in 108 (98.18%) patients, and reduced 30-day morbidity and mortality in 110 (100%) patients. The overall surgical outcome was excellent as well. In 98% of cases, the surgical outcome was satisfactory and only 2% showed poor surgical outcome. Conclusion: The effect of anesthetic and postoperative analgesic techniques on perioperative outcomes varies with the type of operation performed. Overall, epidural analgesia provides better postoperative pain relief and surgical outcomes.

This research is motivated by the regulations on the construction of houses of worship that have not yet accommodated spaces for justice. Regulations that hinder the construction of places of worship are one aspect that has the potential to cause conflict between adherents of religions. This research aims to analyze and find the principal regulatory requirements for the establishment of houses of worship that are not yet based on the value of justice, to analyze and find weaknesses in the current regulations regarding the requirements for the construction of houses of worship, to find reconstructions for the construction of places of worship that can accommodate these values justice based. This research is normative juridical research with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results of this study indicate that the regulatory requirements for the establishment of houses of worship have not been based on the values of justice (related to the requirements in PBM Article 7 paragraph 1 letter (a) and paragraph 2 letter (a). Article 14 paragraph (2) has not been just Pancasila because they have not been based on community needs. adherents of minority religions Weaknesses in the current regulations regarding the requirements for the construction of houses of worship (Legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture) contained in the regulations for the construction of places of worship Reconstruction of the regulations regarding the requirements for the construction of places of worship based on the value of justice must be referred to whenever justice is discussed So that it is necessary to reconstruct the Joint Ministerial Regulations number 9 and 8 of 2006 concerning the establishment of houses of worship.