There is a paucity of empirical research on emerging Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) communication in Nigeria, and the impact on national development. This study sought answers to: what are the perceptions of emerging STI among Nigerian citizens and academics, and to what extent do emerging STIs contribute to national development? Based on the science-technology-society theory, the study conducted a survey of 2400 Nigerians in 12 states and an interview of select STI experts in 12 Nigerian universities. The study focused on synthetic biology, nanoscience and technology, robotics and artificial intelligence, drones, etc. The findings showed that a greater majority of the respondents perceived agricultural drones as the most necessary emerging STI in Nigeria while neuroparasitology was seen as the least necessary to the country’s development. Respondents also agreed that emerging STI had the more impact on ICTs and the least on security, economy and the environment. Also, large segment of respondents perceived that the new/ mass media were the predominant sources of emerging STI information. Also, STI experts perceived emerging STIs to be in their infancy in Nigeria, communication of STIs was concentrated within the scientific community, and collaboration was lacking between the STI community and other stakeholders.

The importance of forests in supporting millions of livelihoods in the world cannot be over emphasized. In Gabon like in all the other Countries of the Congo Basin Forests, forestry exploitation is carried out under the concession regime but with considerably diminished European interests as opposed to Asian conglomerates gaining grounds particularly the Chinese. Indeed, the emergence of Sino-Indian rivalry in the forest sector in Gabon is emerging. The State of Gabon, being one of the principal stakeholders in the protection of forests on its national territory has enacted forest protection legislation and equally erected a forest perseveration institutional framework. Inspite of these laudable efforts, forest loss particularly emanating from mechanized logging is still going on. As such, the very existence of Gabonese forests which constitute an integral part of the greater Congo Basin Forests is seriously threatened. Through a content analysis of primary and secondary data, this article thus reviews how the plethora of legislative and institutional frameworks put in place to check logging at a large scale have been implemented and enforced to ensure the continuous existence of the forest. The findings of this study reveal that Gabon has a great forest potential per km2 of its 267.667km2 surface area that is very diversified and harbours a very rich and endemic biological diversity. Hence, the need for its protection for humanity’s sake is imperative.

There are many fast moving consumer brands available in the market, and this research analyses consumer’s preference, satisfaction and loyalty of these brands of daily consumer products. This study aims to identify the brand usage of selected FMCG products, satisfaction, brand loyalty of consumers. The study also analyses the impact of satisfaction on repeat purchase of selected FMCG brand products. A sample of 277 Omani consumers are selected for the study from Nizwa. The findings of the study revealed that 34% of the consumers use the Rainbow brand of evapourated milk. It is the most consistent and reliable brand in satisfaction among the Omani consumers. The impact of brand satisfaction on recommending evaporated milk is found to be significant for Rainbow, Omela, Al Mudhish and Al Marai. The impact of brand satisfaction on repurchase of Evaporated Milk is found to be significant for Rainbow, Omela, Al Mudhish, and Al Marai. In Arabic bread, 42% of the consumers use Al Kowther brand. 32% of the Omani consumers prefer Dahabi brand. Al Kowther is the most consistent and reliable brand in satisfaction among the Omani consumers. The impact of brand satisfaction on recommending Arabic bread is found to be significant for Al Kowther, Carrefour, Dahabi, Lulu, and Sohar brands. Impact of brand satisfaction on repurchase of Arabic bread is found to be significant for Al Kowther, Dahabi, Lulu, and Sohar brands. In the case of yoghurt, 50% of the consumers use Mazoon brand of yoghurt. 38% of the Omani consumers prefer Almarai brand. A’Safwah is the highest and most consistent and reliable brand in satisfaction. The impact of brand satisfaction on recommending yoghurt brand is significant for Almarai and Mazoon. Impact of brand satisfaction on repurchase of yoghurt is significant for Almarai, A’Safwah and Mazoon.

The histology of the testis and sperm parameters of Wistar rats was investigated with a view to determining the potential of Ficus thonningii ethanol leaf extract in correcting the testicular damage caused by high dosage of Amlodipine. Five groups of Wistar rats were used for the study. They included, the control that received sterile water (vehicle), 0.2 ml/ 100 g rat; a drug-only group which received a dosage of 0.07 mg/kg, p.o.; a drug and low dose extract group that received 0.07 mg/kg, p.o. and extract of 300 mg/kg, p.o.; a drug and high dose extract group that received 0.07 mg/kg, p.o. and extract of 400 mg/kg, p.o.; and an extract-only group which received 300 mg/kg, p.o. of extract, all for a duration of 64 days (8 weeks). The values obtained from the control and treatment groups were compared statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) difference relative to the control group for sperm parameters. In conclusion, ethanol leaf extract of Ficus thonningii had ameliorative and prophylactic abilities to counter damage induced on the testis by Amlodipine when the extract was administered at both low and high doses in test animal subjects.

Introduction: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a metabolic complication commonly seen in patients with hematologic malignancies, particularly high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas and acute leukemia. It is characterized by biochemical abnormalities that can lead to cardiac, neurological, and renal complications that can be fatal. The purpose of our study is to describe the epidemiology, laboratory profile and the outcome of TLS in order to identify patients at risk, and to implement appropriate prophylactic measures to prevent the clinical repercussions. Material and Methods: This work is a retrospective study of all patients who developed a laboratory TLS in hematologic malignancies according to the classification of Cairo and Bishop over a period of 3 years (from November 2019 to November 2022), and whose data were collected at the adult hematology unit of the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Tangiers. Results: The incidence of TLS among hematologic malignancies identified during this period was 3.7%. The underlying disease was acute leukemia in 10 patients (55.6%) and high-grade lymphoma in eight patients (44.4%). TLS was spontaneous in fifteen cases (83%) and chemotherapy-induced in three cases (17%). All our patients presented with hyperphosphatemia. 94% of cases had hyperuricemia, 44% of cases had hypocalcemia, while 6% of cases had hyperkalemia. Lactate dehydrogenase levels were elevated in all cases. Treatment consisted of hyperhydration and administration of hypouricemic agents in all cases. Three patients received hemodialysis. The outcome was favorable in 83% of cases and 17% of cases died during follow-up. Conclusion: TLS is a severe complication, most often seen in highly proliferative hematologic malignancies. The role of the laboratory remains paramount in the diagnosis of TLS and in the biological monitoring after the implementation of appropriate therapeutic measures.

The coming to power of the Taliban in Afghanistan in August 15, 2021, changed the social and economic situation in the country. First of all, the changes concerned the rights of women, regarding which new rules are being established. As a result, Afghanistan lost its twenty-year achievements in the field of democracy, human rights, especially women's rights. The main aim of this article is to give full description to the situation of women rights in Afghanistan and give some recommendations on their improvements according to the foreign practice. The scientific significance of the article lies in the fact that the authors tried to give a scientific analysis of the situation with women's rights in Afghanistan, made a comparative analysis with women's rights in other Muslim countries to highlight Taliban Misconceptions of Islamic rules and gave specific recommendations. In this article, the authors used systematic analysis method, historical method, as well as comparative analysis method. In this research, on one hand authors discussed the situation of Afghan Women in the current Taliban’s government, Taliban's decrees regarding women, and the clear violation of the most basic human rights of women. On the other hand, they discussed on Islamic laws, the legal status of women in some Islamic countries. The authors hope, this article, which contains exact recommendations has great practical importance to provide a model that can be useful and effective for the future of Afghan Women.

The trend in global food safety production, processing, distribution, and preparation is creating an increasing demand for food safety research in order to ensure a safer global food supply. The aim of this study is to assess the level of food hygiene practises of food handlers and their health implications in fast food restaurants in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive survey to investigate the hygiene practises of food handlers. Also, an experimental method of analysis was used to determine the microbial quality of food served in restaurants. The data were also collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. A Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 20.0) was used to analyse the collected data. Descriptive statistics were used to display the results of the study, and the statistical association was ascertained with the chi-square test. From the results, 105 (66%) reported having good knowledge of food hygiene practises. 70 (36.8%) received training and had a certificate in cooking, while 120 (63.2%) did not. The respondents were assessed on their means of food preservation; 140 (73.7%) reported they stored food in refrigerators. Personal observation from the restaurants showed that adequate protection of food from flies and dust scored 40 (44%), while no protection scored 50 (56%). In conclusion, there is relatively low knowledge among respondents about the health implications of fast food restaurants. The majority of restaurant owners are not well or fully aware of the HACCP system in formal setups. The Ministry of Health, through the public health authorities in the urban centre, should adequately educate all restaurant owners, managers, staff, and other stakeholders on system implementation.

The objective of this article is to conduct a critical reflection on the role of EIA as a tool that aids decision making in achieving sustainable development. Despite the fact that there is a host of legal and institutional mechanisms ranging from global, regional, sub regional right down to the national level that regulate environmental policies in Cameroon, sustainable development is still a major challenge to policy makers. The major problem that Cameroon is facing is that of implementation of the available legal instruments coupled with the institutional problems that are mostly characterized by overlapping of functions, corruption, nepotism, mediocracy, irrelevant administrative tolerance among others, thus making it difficult to apportion blames on any institution that fails to carry out its task. Broadly based on the reading of records, interviews as well as observation as main research methods, the results obtained are to the effect that there is an antagonistic relationship between economic development and environmental protection in Cameroon. This is against the backdrop of the fact that proceeds that are gotten from the exploitation of natural resources in Cameroon are hardly redeployed for the purposes of environmental protection to be able to stabilize the rate at which the environment is degraded during such exploitation. The study reveals that sometimes the results of EIA are not respected. Among the plethora of recommendations made, it is recommended that special attention should be given to the ESIA such that any results that come from such an assessment should be respected.

Retroperitoneal cystic masses can be benign or malignant, purely cystic or with solid components. Several diagnoses can be evoked in front of a retroperitoneal cystic mass among which: the hydatid cyst of the psoas. The hydatid cyst of the psoas constitutes an exceptional localization of hydatidosis, even in hydatid endemic countries such as Morocco where hydatidosis remains frequent. We report 2 cases of hydatid cyst of the psoas, collected in the department of visceral surgery B at the CHU Ibn Sina in Rabat during a period of 5 years. Our objective was to focus on the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties of this condition. The clinical symptomatology consists of lateralized pain or at the level of the iliac fossa, it can be associated with an infectious syndrome which directs towards an abscess of the psoas but most often the evolution is done in a context of apyrexia and conservation general condition. The thoraco-abdominal CT confirmed the diagnosis and made it possible to specify the seat of the cyst and its neighborhood relationships. Therapeutic management was surgical in all cases; the diagnosis was made intraoperatively. The technique used was resection of the protruding dome via the midline, sub umbilical abdominal route for the first patient and pericystectomy via the Jalaguier approach for the second patient. The postoperative course was favorable in both cases and no case of recurrence was reported in our series.

Background: Pain is a subjective and an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or injury. It can also occur without actual tissue damage, even though the patient refers to it. Pain is a conscious experience, an interpretation of the nociceptive input influenced by memories, emotional, pathological, genetic, and cognitive factors. Pain promotes defensive action and future avoidance behaviour, which requires associating defensive behaviour with resultant changes in pain. Pain has been a predominant health concern for mankind since the dawn of recorded history, and pain control is one of the cardinal objectives of the practice of medicine. It is the most common symptom of disease reported to physicians; more than 80 % of all patients who present to hospitals and clinics do so because of pain. Pain affects the general health, psychological health, social and economic well-being of an individual. The annual cost of uncontrolled chronic pain in the general population is in amount of hundreds of billions of dollars. Objective: The work discussed the evaluation tools and protocols, strategies for pain control, and future therapeutic drug targets for pain and analgesia. Method: The literature search used for the narrative review employed electronic databases in the search for relevant research articles, and they included scopus, pubmed, medline, google scholar, and the directory of open access journals. Others were the use of standard textbooks and the review of references of identified journal articles. Articles on pain and analgesia were identified and reviewed for selection. The keywords used in the search were: ‘’Pain evaluation, Pain assessment, Pain control, Pharmacotherapy of pain, Pain management, Types and characteristics of pain, Aetiology/ Cause of pain, Classification of pain, Severity of pain, Measurement of pain intensity, Pain evaluation tools, and Novel therapeutic drug targets for pain’’. The exclusion criteria used, included articles not written in English and those articles that hinged the clinical management of pain on herbal and alternative medicines (e.g., acupuncture, homeopathy etc.). Result: One hundred and ninety-seven works, ranging from published journal articles to non-journal articles were identified. A total of 82 research works, monographs and textbooks were selected. The works were extracted and reviewed after screening of the titles and abstracts, and in compliance with the inclusion/ selection criteria. Conclusions: Clinical pain is a serious public health concern. Pain evaluation is a multi-strategic observational assessment of a patients’ pain experience. The tools (self-report, behavioural and physiological) for pain evaluation have been demonstrated to be clinically effective in assessing acute pain. Pain evaluation is crucial and clinically useful for an effective and successful pain management. Pharmacotherapy is a critical component in the clinical management of pain, including acute, chronic and acute-on-chronic pain.

3D printing has emerged as a transformative technology that has revolutionized various industries and unlocked endless possibilities in the world of Research and Development. 3D printing allows the fabrication of three- dimensional parts from computerized designs by utilizing additive manufacturing technologies. Its importance stems from its capacity to expedite prototyping, speed up production, and stimulate innovation in industries including as healthcare, manufacturing and aerospace. The main objective of this study is to analyze the mechanical behavior of 3 dimensional (3D) printed Poly-Lactic Acid (PLA) parts when their infill density and infill geometry are varied. We have taken 3 infill geometries (Grid, Triangle, Gyroid) at 4 different infill densities (40%, 60%, 80%, 100%), these parts are measured for tensile strength and optimal conditions are identified.

The study investigated the causes and consequences of domestic violence among married women in Port Harcourt Metropolis of Rivers State. The descriptive survey research design was used for the study. Two research questions and their corresponding null hypotheses were used to guide the study. The population for the study comprises of all married women in Port Harcourt Metropolis of Rivers State which comprised both Obio/Akpor and Port Harcourt City Local Government Area. The population of the study was made of 37,801 married women. A sample size of 554 married women was used for the study. A researcher developed instrument titled Domestic Violence Causes and Consequences Inventory (DVCCI) was used for data collection. The face and content validities of the instruments was determined by the dissertation supervisor and one expert each in counselling psychology and measurement and evaluation. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha Technique with coefficients of 0.82 and 0.92 obtained for the sections on causes and consequences respectively. Mean was used to answer the research questions, while independent samples t-tests and Analysis of Variance was used where applicable. Testing of the hypotheses was done at 0.05 level of significance. The major results from the study were that there is a high incidence of domestic violence against women in Port Harcourt Metropolis of Rivers State. The major factor driving this problem is the family history of abuse by the partner. This results in physical bruises and injuries. Based on the results obtained, it was recommended that there should be greater awareness on the options available to women who are exposed to domestic violence because when women have a clear understanding of these options and the resources available to them, they are better able to make informed choices and leave their abusive spouses.

Compression schemes can be divided into two categories, lossy and lossless, but this paper presents lossless data compression models and the original data can be correctly recovered from the data compressed material. Some mathematical results are assumed; the results of probability tests are assumed and used to evaluate the compression techniques we will discuss. To learn more about math concepts for some of the topics in this article, see [2, 3]. First, we look at several ideas in information theory that provide a standard for the development of lossless data compression schemes are briefly reviewed. We next look at several ways to model data that lead to efficient data compression encryption schemes.

Introduction: The development of APL is associated with a more severe prognosis of the disease, and with a significant alteration of the quality of life. For this reason, the advent of biological agents has allowed in a significant number of patients a healing of these APL. Through this work, we illustrate the evolution of these lesions by comparing patients before and after the beginning of biotherapy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analytical study carried out in our department between January 2015 and January 2021 including all patients receiving biological treatment for CD with APL. Results: Among 355 patients with CD, 45 patients were on biological treatment which 32 (71%) had APL. Among these 32 patients, sex ratio (W/M) was 1.9, mean age was 37 +/- 9.3. The type of anal involvement was as follow: 20 patients (75%) had anal suppurations, 7 patients (20%) had ulcerations and 5 patients (5%) had anal stenosis. In 5% it was an isolated anal Crohn's disease, in 15% it was intestinal disease with APL, in 31% it was colonic disease with APL. 25 patients (78%) were under Infliximab and 7 (21.8%) under Adalumimab. The number of patients with APL before treatment has significantly decreased after treatment with a p=0.002, with an improvement of APL in 20 patients (60%) of under anti-TNF agent. Conclusion: Anti-TNF agents allowed a better management and a favorable evolution of APL in most of our CD patients. However, to overcome the failure of anti-TNF in some of our patients, the availability of other biological molecules on the Moroccan market remains more than desirable.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a relatively common endocrine disorder that can lead to hypercalcemia and, consequently, cause long-term renal and skeletal complications. Usually, the diagnosis of this disorder is made at an asymptomatic stage. We report three cases of primary hyperparathyroidism revealed by acute pancreatitis, which is an unusual initial manifestation. The three patients, aged 55, 61, and 78 years, experienced acute epigastric pain accompanied by vomiting. Laboratory tests showed hyperlipasemia, and the abdominal CT scan revealed acute necrotizing pancreatitis. After an investigation into the underlying causes, the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was confirmed, and imaging identified the presence of parathyroid adenoma in all three patients. Parathyroidectomy was performed and the anatomopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma.