Ankyloglossia is defined as a developmental anomaly of the tongue characterized by an abnormally short, thick lingual frenulum resulting in limitation of tongue movement or in simple terms, tongue tie. In this condition there is difficulty lifting the tongue to the upper teeth or moving the tongue from side to side, tongue appears notched or heart shaped when stuck out. Adult tongue-tie may result in mouth breathing, inability to speak clearly, difficulty kissing, jaw pain and tongue thrust. We hereby report case of tongue-tie of two siblings and its management by electrocautery, this technique was simple, easier as well as less time consuming, unlike conventional surgery. There is little damage to adjacent tissue and no blood in the operating field when using the electrocautery.

Cerebral thrombophlebitis gravidopuerperale is a rare but serious pathology that can engage the maternal-fetal prognosis. It requires early diagnosis and treatment fast. Indeed, much rarer than arterial thromboses, thrombophlebitis are a significant cause of death and stroke. They can occur during pregnancy but most often they occur within a few days to a few months following postpartum. The frequency of peripartum cerebral thrombophlebitis is on average 1/3000 to 1/10000 births, but recently the number of cases recognized seems higher partly because of the more widespread knowledge of the variability of different forms of clinical presentations of cerebral venous thrombosis allowing a diagnosis, and on the other hand the wider use of imaging means more and more effective, in particular MRI. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary gravido -puerperal cerebral thrombophlebitis.

Introduction: Induced abortions are those terminated by deliberate action undertaken to terminate a pregnancy. Information on the incidence of induced abortion is crucial for identifying policy and programmatic needs aimed at reducing unintended pregnancy. Because unsafe abortion is a cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, measures of its incidence are also important. This study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics of induced abortion. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The sample was composed of 50 women who underwent induced abortion in this hospital, between January 2022 and January 2023. A simple random sampling technique was used in this study. Data were collected using a data collection sheet, processed, and analyzed by SPSS. version 22. Data were presented in tables and pie charts. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Informed written consent was taken from the respondents. Result: In this study, most of the patients (25, 50%) were in the 25-30 years age group, followed by (18, 36%) 31-35 years age group, and (7, 14%) the rest were in >35 years age group, most people (30, 60%) resided in the urban areas and most of them (35, 70%) had a monthly income of <15000 BDT, followed by (10, 20%) 15000-20000 BDT. Respondents were mostly (25, 50%) uneducated, some of them (15, 30%) passed secondary school, and (10, 20%) higher secondary school. Most of the patients (18, 36%) in this study used the barrier method for contraception, followed by (16, 32%) withdrawal method. Regarding the cause of induced abortion, unplanned pregnancy was the prominent cause (16, 32%), followed by, inadequate income (12, 24%), and contraception failure (12, 24%). Conclusion: This study concluded that most of the patients aged between 25 to 30 years and most of them resided in urban areas having a low monthly income, and poor education level. Some prominent causes of induced abortion were unplanned pregnancy, inadequate income, and contraceptive failure.

Enhancing facial aesthetics is a primary motivation for individuals with class II division 1 malocclusion seeking orthodontic treatment. Among the different techniques available to treat Class II malocclusions, a two-phase approach involving functional jaw orthopedics and fixed orthodontic treatment is commonly employed. In this case report, we present the treatment of a young male patient with a Class II Division 1 malocclusion. In the initial phase, the patient underwent growth modification and correction of overjet, overbite, and profile using the Andresen activator. Subsequently, a fixed orthodontic appliance was utilized in the second phase to achieve well-aligned arches and enhance both aesthetics and functionality.

Inflation targeting (IT) is practised in many countries and the real effects of strict inflation targeting were investigated on several occasions and less on other variants of IT. The study investigates the effects of inflation targeting lite on output. In particular, the compatibility of inflation targeting lite with managed exchange rate regime on output stabilization. The inflation targeting regime, the operating environment and exchange rate regimes were reviewed for Zimbabwe. An ARDL model was adopted as the empirical strategy to investigate the compatibility problem and the real effects of IT lite. Modelling output as output gap, inflation targeting lite and the exchange rate regimes were found to be inconsistent with output stabilization. IT lite and exchange rate premium increased the output gap, however the interaction between IT lite and exchange rate premium had negative effects on output. These results hold for both the short run and long run. However, considering the official rate and parallel rate separately, parallel rate has a negative effect but its interaction with IT has positive effects. The study recommends that developing countries should consider the exchange rate systems before the adoption of IT as a monetary policy framework. A floating exchange rate seemed to be compatible with IT lite.

The continuing spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most urgent and difficult challenges facing global TB control. Patients who are infected with strains resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, called multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB, are practically incurable by standard first-line treatment. In 2012, there were approximately 450,000 new cases and 170,000 deaths because of MDR-TB. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB refers to MDR-TB strains that are resistant to fluoroquinolones and second-line injectable drugs. The main causes of the spread of resistant TB are weak medical systems, amplification of resistance patterns through incorrect treatment, and transmission in communities and facilities. Although patients harboring MDR and XDR strains present a formidable challenge for treatment, cure is often possible with early identification of resistance and use of a properly designed regimen.

Rungia repens is a common Acanthaceae member growing mostly in agricultural wastelands. This plant is noted to have febrifuge, antitussive, and vermifuge properties. The qualitative phytochemical study of the leaves and stem of R. repens showed that the plant is rich in phytochemical composition. The chemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, cardiac glycosides, and steroids in the methanolic extract of this plant. The DPPH and FRAP assay showed that the plant parts have significant antioxidant potential. The disc diffusion of the methanolic extract of this plant reveals its antimicrobial activity. Thus, it is stated that the plant has significant antioxidant and antimicrobial potential.

This study examines and presents gender analysis model on the influence of tax audits, tax amnesty and e-filling implementation on individual taxpayer compliance (an empirical study on MSMEs DKI Jakarta). This study uses multiple linear regression analysis using a quantitative approach to the method of collecting data using primary data. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires in online form via Google form to individual taxpayers of MSMEs in DKI Jakarta using the convenience sampling method, so the total data in this study were 400. The results of this study indicate Tax Audit, Tax Amnesty and Implementation of E-Filling have a significant positive effect on Taxpayer Compliance. Male respondents thought that tax audit and implementation of e-filling had more effect on their tax compliance than according to female respondents, while female respondents thought that tax amnesty had more effect on their tax compliance than according to male respondents.

The objective of this investigation was to analyse soccer player’s perception of coaching behavior in Timor-Leste, comparing coaching experience (experienced vs inexperienced coaches) and age-categories (under-10 vs under-14 male). Data was collected using the Coach Behavior Assessment System questionnaire. Two experienced coaches and three inexperienced coaches from five different soccer clubs were subjects of the investigation. Seventy-five under-10 and one hundred and forty-two under-14 players responded the questionnaire. A Kruskal-Wallis test was completed to evaluate differences between the two scenarios. Statistical differences were observed in inexperienced coaches for mistakes/errors and misbehaviors as rated by the players, and in experienced coaches for general technical instruction. Under-14 players revealed significantly higher scores to the opposing age group for all spontaneous behaviors and for positive reinforcement, mistake-contingent encouragement, and mistake-contingent technical instruction, while Under-10s rated higher behaviors for keeping control. Timorese’s soccer coaches should promote a positive and reinforced training environment that can be focused on player’s progress. It is recommended a more holistic approach to coach educational programs.

Globally, undernutrition is the single biggest contributor to disease. Undernutrition is of particular concern in young children as it can compromise their physical and intellectual development. Current study formulated and evaluation of supplementary food from tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus), date palm (Phoenix dactylifera), moringa (Moringa oleifera), groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and milk. The formulated supplementary food were designated S1, S2 and S3. Nutritional composition, selected minerals and anti-nutritional factors were investigated using standard analytical methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Data was analyzed by ANOVA and results expressed as mean and standard deviation. Result of proximate composition indicates that ash ranged from (4.0 - 7.5), moisture (2.5 - 5.5) and protein (9.3 - 15.0). The result also revealed that the formulations contain appreciable amount of all essential amino acids. Anti- nutritional factor indicate that oxalate ranged from (7.0 - 14.0) and phytate (6.5 - 7.0). Selected micro-nutrient estimated suggested that the composite blends are good sources of minerals like Zn, Ca and Fe which are of public health importance. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that with proper blending of local foodstuff, it is possible to prepare nutritionally adequate supplementary food.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare sarcoma, typically starts in the cells that line the gastrointestinal tract’s (GIT) wall. While certain GISTs may develop slowly over time, others might spread drastically. However, it will indicate recurrence for certain people. Patients with locally resectable gastro intestinal stromal tumours continue to be treated primarily with radical surgery, which, in more than 50% of instances, results in a long-term remission of this disease. The first targeted medication for the GISTs treatment was the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib, and is now the preferred option for treating advanced gastro intestinal stromal tumours. This case highlights recurrence of GIST for two times even after laparotomy which provides an information, that the hazards associated with this type of tumour must be reduced by receiving appropriate therapy because it can recur.

Tax compliance in Indonesia is very important because taxes are the main contribution to state revenue, so an increase in tax revenue is needed. Efforts made by the government throughout the law on the harmonization of tax regulations with the Voluntary Disclosure Program (VDP). This research aims to find empirical evidence of the influence of external factors on taxpayer compliance to follow VDP. The research was conducted using a survey method (questionnaire) for individual taxpayers throughout DKI Jakarta and a total of 335 samples (40,9% VDP participants and 59,1% VDP non-participants) were collected using non-probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The data is evaluated using the Smart PLS 4.0 Software. The results of this research indicate that tax audits and tax sanctions have a significant positive effect on VDP, while the quality of tax services has no significant effect on VDP. Tax audits and VDP have a significant positive effect on tax compliance, while tax sanctions and the quality of tax services have no significant effect on tax compliance. Tax audits and tax sanctions mediated by VDP have a significant positive effect on tax compliance, while the quality of tax services mediated by VDP has no significant effect on tax compliance. Every increase in tax audits and tax sanctions can increase taxpayers to follow VDP, while every increase in the quality of tax services cannot increase taxpayers to follow VDP. Every increase in tax audits and VDP can increase tax compliance, while every increase in tax sanctions and the quality of tax services cannot increase tax compliance. Every increase in tax audits and tax sanctions in VDP mediation can increase tax compliance, while every increase in the quality of tax services in VDP mediation cannot increase tax compliance.

The aims of this research are to analyze the weaknesses that exist in evidentiary regulations in civil courts and how to reconstruct evidentiary constraints in civil justice based on the value of justice. This research uses a constructivist paradigm, with a social legal research approach that uses primary data. Methods of data collection using interviews, observation, and field systems. The results of this research show that in evidentiary regulations in civil courts in Indonesia, judges are bound by valid evidence, which means that judges are only allowed to make decisions (impose decisions) based on evidence determined by law only, and From a formal juridical point of view, electronic document law has not been strictly regulated in the Civil Procedure Code so that it has not had the value of justice, namely the normalization of Articles 163 and 164 HIR and Articles 283 and 284 RBg., has not provided justice values in the evidentiary system. Current weaknesses in evidentiary regulations in civil court include weaknesses in the context of legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture, therefore it is necessary to reconstruct the provisions in Article 164 HIR or 284 RBg with the need for arrangements regarding electronic evidence, which has been validated and the strength is the same as documentary evidence. Then in Article 163 HIR/Article 283 RBg there needs to be an arrangement so that Electronic Information and Electronic Documents submitted by litigants must come from an Electronic System that meets the requirements based on Legislation In contrast, where the implication is to provide a new idea related to evidentiary regulations in civil courts based on the value of justice.

The study is premised upon the enormity and relevance of African myths and legends as congenial substance for the continuity of African culture and writing tradition. Existing literary engagements have focused on the usage of myths and legends in African literature, their consistent usage in fictional writings is aesthetically commendable, however, the modern days African writers appear to be delusive in this literary endeavor. This is the lacuna this paper seeks to fill by advocating for the reinventing and entrenching of mythical and legendary characters in contemporary and future African writings. The paper investigates the extent of import, inculcation and exploration of myths and legends in some extant African writings, it pontificates their literary aestheticism, cultural beautification and prognostic values in African society. Significantly, the paper elucidates the pedagogical didactics that are intrinsically inherent in the myths and legends in spite of the seemingly archaic existence attributed to them. African writers that have creatively used mythical and legendary sources are highly commended and appreciated and passionate appeals have been made through this paper to the contemporary and future African writers to effectuate the representation and entrenchment of the continental cultural myths and legends in subsequent creative writing for the purpose of cultural integration and propagation, rejuvenation of cultural material and dispersal of moral values.

Our judicial structure owes to the colonial administration for its evolution & is still bearing the remnants of the system it inherited from its predecessor. Our judiciary is still following the adversarial trial system. Though the British legal system has developed to a standard for others we are still on the same footing where they left us. We could not overcome the obstacles associated with the civil justice system. The main problems facing our judiciary are the cost, delay & complexity. Several steps have been taken to solve the problems but deserved success cannot be achieved. The main problem lies probably in the identification of the real problems & providing pragmatic solutions. In this research I have tried to identify the real problems by interviewing different legal persons & litigants, by analyzing the opinions of different scholars & taking into account the attitude of the society towards the civil litigation social aspects & applying my own reason & experience. I have evaluated the reforms made in some foreign legal systems to compare with our system specially the Woolf’s reform in England. Lastly, I have provided some reform & amendment proposals based on the findings.