Background: The aim of this paper is to illustrate the expansion of mandibular arch using Transforce appliance. Case Report: Use of Transforce appliance for arch expansion for severely constricted mandibular arch. The patient is successfully treated with arch expansion. Conclusion: Transforce appliance is a good choice for mandibular arch expansion. Since mandible lacks sutures to open up, light force is required for arch development and Transforce appliance is capable of producing light forces.

Forests ecosystem englobes abundant natural resources in which the world population highly depends on for their existence. Internationally, the 1992 Rio Declaration and the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity amongst others, has categorically prescribed universal legal standards for the protection of the rights of forests communities. In Cameroon, forests with its natural resource endowments (timbers and non-timbers) has been considered by many as the cultural heritage of most local communities and a source of government revenue. Without mincing words, the forestry law and other related laws have given local communities bundles of rights to sustainably use and manage forest resources. However, these rights remain wanting due to ineffective implementation. As a result, local communities are prone to abject poverty, misery and paradox of plenty or rather put it “Tragedy of the Commons”. In this vein, the paper therefore, seeks to address the following worries: What type of rights do these forests communities exercise? Are the provisions of the law with regard to local communities’ rights and interests in the sustainable management of industrial forestry respected and if so, to what extent? What difficulties do local communities encounter in exercising these bundles of rights? Legally, the methodology employed in this article is purely doctrinal which is based on both primary and secondary data. The paper therefore, concludes with some robust recommendations which if effectively implemented and enforced will go a long way to guaranteed the rights of forest communities and thus, enhance sustainable industrial forestry management.

Rehabilitation is important, as are other facets of universal health coverage such efficient illness prevention, treatment, and palliative care. A person who has undergone rehabilitation can participate in school, job, recreation, and important life responsibilities including caring for family members. Rehabilitation enables a child, adult, or senior to be as independent as possible in daily activities. A health issue that could be treated by rehabilitation affects an estimated 2.4 billion individuals worldwide. The need for rehabilitation services is anticipated to increase globally as a result of changes in population health and features. People are living longer but with more chronic illness and incapacity, for instance. Rehabilitation needs are now mostly unmet. More than half of the population does not obtain the necessary rehabilitation services in several low- and middle-income nations. Rehabilitation and other healthcare programs have been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sarcocephalus latifolius and Cnestis ferruginea are shrubs with heights of 5 to 8 m and 3 to 3.6 m, respectively, and are known to be powerful aphrodisiacs. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extracts of their leaves on the body weight and relative weight of some androgen- dependent sex organs of male rats. For this purpose, the rats were subjected to an 8-day treatment. These extracts had no significant effect on either the body weight or the relative weight of the androgen-dependent secondary sex organs of the rats compared to the control over the 8-day treatment period. The leaves of Sarcocephalus latifolius and Cnestis ferruginea did not have any detectable androgenic properties during this period.

The modern education system of the teacher training college shapes responsible enlightened citizens and qualified experts without whom no nation can progress socio-economically, culturally, and politically. Since society is becoming knowledge-based it is higher education that is contributing to a cultural socio-economic and environmentally sustainable improvement of the individual, organization, community, and nation. The Indian education system can neither compete nationally nor globally without a systematic and well-planned curriculum for the betterment of the trainee teachers’. Yogic practice in scientific ways daily basis is known as an influential factor on many physiological parameters of them. Studies have identified that yogic practice affects working efficiency. This study aimed to identify the effect of yogic practice on physiological parameters. College settings had been full of stressors that negatively influence pupils' mental health and academic performance. For solving trainee teacher s' academic performance issues, the yogic practice has been used to improve their academic outcomes. These findings further the knowledge of the role played by yogic practice interventions in reducing pupils' burnout symptoms and cultivating their ability and well-being, in promoting a nurturing classroom climate, and also in promoting the ability and well-being of Trainee teacher s. This study applied information process theory to demonstrate the internal mechanism between yogic practice and academic performance in three pathways with three major sections. This study benefited from the summary of the mechanism of yogic practice and academic performance, promoting the development of yogic practice-related activities and applications, and improving trainee teachers' participation in yogic practice interventions, thereby improving their academic performance. The findings suggest that yogic practice can improve the total personality of an individual. These results suggest that mindfulness-based yoga can be a positive tool for the classroom to reduce trainee teacher s’ anxiety, stress, and depression. Benefiting from the summary of the mechanism of yogic practice and academic performance, promoting the development of yogic practice-related activities and applications, and improving trainee teachers' participation in yogic practice interventions, thereby improving their academic performance.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the UTAUT2 model of interest in using accounting software in MSMEs by using accounting knowledge as a moderating variable. The data collection technique uses simple random sampling through Google Forms in the form of a questionnaire. This study has a total sample of 164 respondents with the criteria of MSME owners. The data processing method in this study is to use smartPLS with the aim of testing the hypothesis. The results of this study indicate that performance expectations, hedonic motivation, and social influence have a positive and significant effect on the intention to use accounting software while accounting knowledge cannot moderately and negatively influence the UTAUT 2 model on interest in using accounting software. The results of this study recommend that to increase interest in using accounting software for MSMEs, it is necessary to socialize the meaning of accounting and procedures for using accounting software for MSMEs in order to improve the management of financial reports.

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Introduction: Globally cervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer in females after breast, colorectal, and lung cancer. In patients with early-stage cervical cancer (stage IB-IIA) who have undergone radical hysterectomy, postoperative histopathologic features along with clinical staging predict prognosis and are used for planning further treatment. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a nonspecific marker to predict prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive values of preoperative values of NLR for high-risk surgical-pathological features identification in patients with early-stage cervical cancer undergoing primary radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Gynaecological Oncology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) between July 2019 and June 2020 to evaluate the relationship of preoperative NLR with surgical-pathological features of cervical cancer stage IB-IIA who underwent primary radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. A total of fifty cervical cancer patients were enrolled in this study. Their clinical and histopathological findings and complete blood count reports were collected and analyzed. Result: The ROC curve revealed NLR was 2.670 (sensitivity 63%; specificity 91.3%; Areas under the curves 0.801). Surgical pathological analysis showed that NLR was linked to lymphovascular space invasion. Sixty-three percent of patients having NLR >2.670 were 17.85 times more likely to have LVSI. Conclusion: The study findings conclude that high pretreatment NLR was linked to lymphovascular space invasion. Thus NLR can be used preoperatively to predict the prognosis of cancer cervix and triage the patients into monovalent treatment- either surgery or chemoradiation.

Introduction: A child is defined as “any human being under the age of 18, unless majority is reached earlier due to the legislation applicable to them. In reality, initial care is also found in multipurpose or adult emergency departments. In France (Seine-Saint-Denis), out of 390 children rescued by the Emergency Medical Assistance Service (SAMU) in 2004, 77% of child deaths were medicalized by the Regional Emergency Medical Service (SMUR). all-rounders of the department. As a result, at the hospital in Mali, many children are referred to the emergency department, while there is no pediatrician in the SAU and the technical platform is not well suited to their care,hence the objective of this work.. Methods and Materials: We conducted a prospective, longitudinal study over a period of 12 months from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 at the emergency department of the hospital in Mali. The study involved patients aged zero (0) to fifteen (15) years The parameters studied were socio- demographic and clinical variables Results: During the study period, we collected 458 children aged 0 to 15 out of 6517 visits to the service, i.e. a frequency of 8.12%. The age group of 10 to 15 years was the most representative with 39% of cases. The male sex represented 58% of cases with a sex ratio of 1.36. The patients were uneducated in 10% of the cases, the workers represented 28.8% among the fathers and 54.8% of the mothers were housewives. Children belonging to families with more than three children accounted for 50.9% of cases and 39.5% of patients lived outside Bamako, the capital. Our study shows that 53.9% of patients were admitted between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m., 54.8% of patients came to the service by taxi, vehicle or motorbike and admissions by referral/evacuation represented 60.3% of case. AVP accounted for 48.7% of cases After the initial examination on admission, 36% of patients were classified as category three according to the Clinical Classification of Emergency Patients (CCMU3). Conclusion: The grounds for recourse of children from 0 to 15 years old to the general-purpose SAU of the Hospital of Mali are multiple. Accidents remain the most frequent reason for recourse in the service.

Background: The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is currently one of the most commonly used approaches to treat high grade cervical squamus intraepithelial lesion confirmed on colposcopic guided biopsy examination. Complications of electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) are rare. But in Bangladesh, we have very limited research-based information regarding this issue. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to assess the complications of loop electrosurgical excision procedure following treatment of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 and 3. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in OPD, Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh during the period of July 2011 to June 2012. In total, 75 patients with CIN 2 and/or 3 were enrolled in this study as study subjects. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the mentioned hospital. Proper informed written consents were taken from all the participants before data collection. The criteria for inclusion were colposcopic guided biopsy revealing CIN 2 or 3 whose lesion remains confined to ectocervix. The least amount of power that will effectively perform the electrosurgery should be used, so as to minimize the risk to the patient’s normal tissues and ensure that the excised specimen is inacceptable condition for pathological assessment. Data analysis was done by using statistical package for social science (SPSS) 16 versions. Results: In analyzing the post procedure complications of the participants, we observed that, 64% participants were from vaginal discharge. Besides this 21%, 9%, 4% and 1% cases were found with pain, bleeding, fever and cervical stenosis consequently. Distributing persistence of vaginal discharge, 44% participants taken 5-10 days which was noticeable. Only 5.33% participants had vaginal discharge in between 21-25 days. In distributing persistence of pain, we observed that, 8% participants had taken 30 days to be cured which was the highest number of patients. Within one week, all the patients become free from fever. Cervical Stenosis occurred as a delayed complication during follow up at 9-12 months after LEEP in only 1(1.3%) case and occurred at 270th day. Conclusion: As per the findings of this study we can mention vaginal discharge as the most common complication for the cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia patients by treating loop electrosurgical excision procedure. Besides these, physicians should be aware about the sufferings of patients from pain and bleeding. Finally, we can conclude that, LEEP as an easy safe and acceptable treatment for high grade CIN with high cure rate.

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The Covid-19 outbreak has deeply affected the entire world population, and therefore education. Education includes activities designed for the learner to acquire higher competence, knowledge and experience, based on the difference between the competence level of the student in the current situation and the competencies required to show the expected performance. The Covid-19 pandemic has seriously damaged formal education. Although methods such as online learning (e-learning), simulation and distance learning are frequently used, sufficient efficiency has not been achieved. The pandemic process has revealed the advantages of face-to-face education; significant decreases were observed in the learning level of students. There is a need to develop new methods that will increase the efficiency of distance education. Motivation of trainers is also an important issue. Education away from school has reduced teacher and student motivation. As a result, there is a new reality of education after the pandemic. The education management unit needs to examine the Covid-19 pandemic process very well and closely follow the changes and developments in education life and better design the effectiveness of schools in new pandemics.

The geological environment includes various monuments, resources, and geoparks built on these natural relics and resources. Geological tourism (Geotourism) teaching is a significant component of the college tourism specialty. Teachers stress that geological environments are non-renewable and guide students to learn Study Tourism and knowledge of geoparks. Study tourism is the combination of research, learning, and tourism experience. The Paleo Marine Geography and Biological Evolution Research Tour of the Sichuan Basin is a good example. China formulates standards for the construction of national geoparks. National Geoparks must have sound geopark planning and geological heritage protection measures. The on-site investigation is functional. Geotourism teaching can combine teacher's lectures and class group discussions.

The successful prosecution of offences, including sexual offences like rape, is sometimes dependent on the framing of the charge or information by the Prosecutor. This takes additional complexity where the offence is committed by two or more suspects. In framing the charge, should the defendants be charged in one count or several counts for the rape of the victim but in the same charge sheet or information? And where two or more persons set out to commit rape but only one of them penetrated the prosecutrix, can all the defendants be charged in one count with rape? Or is it only the defendant who penetrated the victim that can be charged with rape whilst others are charged in different count with kindred offences like sexual assault or attempt to commit rape? This paper examines the rules of drafting of charges within the context of sections 7 of the Criminal Code Act and similar provisions in the Penal Code in relation to the vital ingredients of rape and argues that where two or more suspects are accused of actively participating in the commission of rape in jurisdictions where the Criminal Code Act applies, they should be charged jointly in the same count and in the same charge sheet or information. Whereas in jurisdictions where the Penal Code applies, each person who penetrated the victim should be charged with rape whilst others should be charged with abetting the rape in a separate count but in the same charge sheet. Adopting a doctrinal methodology, a critical examination of the relevant authorities in Nigeria and other jurisdictions will be undertaken. It will be recommended that where more than one defendant is charged in a count for rape, this should not vitiate the charge as such charge is actually technically valid.

Car dealers (tokunbo) in Sokoto metropolis use three strategies namely, extension of meaning, coinage, and borrowing in forming their slang that makes no sense to customers. The central objective of this paper is to study and analyze the aspect of language use to ascertain the existence of this slang. This paper is a product of primary data collection through interviews and direct observation of traders’ utterances. Six various locations (shops) in the Sokoto metropolis were carefully selected and eight traders were also interviewed. The findings of this paper discovered that the traders coin new words and semantically expand some Hausa words to suit their commercial communications. The paper also revealed that traders use slang in their communications, which cannot be understood by other Hausa speakers.