Background: Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is a rare, delayed complication of cranial irradiation characterized by subacute, potentially reversible neurological deficits and distinctive imaging features. Its diagnosis is particularly challenging in patients with metastatic brain disease, where clinical and radiological findings overlap with tumor progression, radiation necrosis, and seizure-related phenomena. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 43-year-old male with stage IV ALK-positive non-small-cell lung adenocarcinoma with extensive brain metastases who developed acute global aphasia and altered mental status following multiple courses of cranial irradiation, including stereotactic radiosurgery, and whole-brain radiation therapy in addition to subtotal resection of a frontal brain lesion. The patient had prolonged systemic disease control with sequential ALK inhibitors but experienced repeated intracranial progression requiring multimodal local therapies. During an acute neurological deterioration in November 2025, neuroimaging demonstrated extensive post-radiation and metastatic changes, and the differential diagnosis included tumor progression, radiation necrosis, and focal status epilepticus. Given the clinical context and imaging limitations, SMART syndrome was suspected. High-dose intravenous corticosteroids led to partial neurological improvement, supporting the diagnosis of radiation-induced cortical dysfunction. Conclusion: This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of SMART syndrome in patients with advanced metastatic brain disease and cumulative radiation exposure.

The study seeks to explore the olden days and contemporary tricks deployed by fraudlers in rubbing off their victims of their valuable possessions, money, food items etc. The study used both primary and secondary means in collecting its data and descriptive survey data analysis was used in order to analyses the study’s data. The study revealed among other things that the fraudulent activities via tricking has negative effects on both the victims as well as their communities. The study also recommends that fraudlers be exposed among the communities and people should morally upright as there is no short-cut to richness.

The purpose of this study is to explore the intricate relationships between Value-Based Care (VBC) and various organizational and leadership factors within healthcare settings. The research question concerns what is the impact of those factors on the implementation of VBC. The research adopts an explanatory approach and utilizes a quantitative method by employing a questionnaire to reach a sample of 376 respondents. The research was exclusively carried out in the eastern health cluster hospitals of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The findings revealed that effective nursing leadership, employee engagement, change management skills, and organizational culture significantly contribute to the successful implementation of VBC. The findings underscore the critical role of nursing leadership in driving improvements in patient care quality and operational efficiency. This research also highlights the importance of fostering a positive organizational culture and robust change management capabilities to enhance VBC practices. By identifying these key factors, the study provides actionable insights for healthcare administrators and policymakers aimed at improving patient outcomes and achieving cost-efficiency through the adoption of VBC models. Despite its contributions, the study acknowledges certain limitations and suggests avenues for future research to further validate and expand upon these findings.

Background: Healthcare workers in resource-constrained settings experience significant occupational stressors that may influence coping behaviours and psychological wellbeing. Objective: To examine the relationship between frustration, sociodemographic characteristics, and coping styles among healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital in North-Central Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 385 healthcare workers using stratified sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS), and the Brief COPE inventory. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics and workplace stressors. Pearson and partial correlation analyses assessed relationships between frustration and coping styles. Multiple linear regression identified independent predictors of maladaptive coping. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Workplace frustration was highly prevalent, driven by workload, inadequate equipment, and poor remuneration. Adaptive coping strategies predominated, particularly active coping, planning, and religious coping. Frustration was not associated with adaptive coping (r = –0.017, p = 0.737) but was significantly associated with maladaptive coping (r = 0.266, p < 0.001). This relationship remained significant after adjusting for sociodemographic variables (r = 0.241, p < 0.01). Regression analysis showed that frustration independently predicted maladaptive coping (β = 0.266, p < 0.001), while longer professional experience was protective. Conclusion: Healthcare workers demonstrated resilience through adaptive coping strategies; however, increased frustration is associated with greater reliance on maladaptive coping. Addressing structural stressors is essential to improve coping and wellbeing.

Determining the fetal weight accurately is essential for prenatal treatment and decision-making. The purpose of this study was to estimate the weight of the fetus in Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria between 20 and 40 weeks of gestation by developing a fetal anthropometric model using ultrasound measures. A longitudinal study of 300 pregnant women was conducted, with obstetric ultrasound scans images. Fetal biometric parameters (abdominal circumference and femur length) were measured and correlated to estimate fetal weight using Hadlock’s formula. A predictive model for fetal weight estimation was created using regression analysis. From the results, fetal biometric measurements are connected. When one goes up, the other goes down. This means that there is a relationship between fetal biometric measurements and estimated fetal weight (EFW). Hence, the size of a fetus can help us estimate how much it weighs. This shows that fetal measurements are helpful in predicting fetal weight.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a premalignant condition of insidious onset which affects the oral mucosa, pharynx, and oesophagus. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a well-known precancerous oral lesion, characterized by scarring, tissue fibrosis, and premalignant lesions. The goal of clinical treatment is to reduce inflammation and improve patients' quality of life by enhancing mouth opening among others. The muscles of mastication are known to be affected resulting in limited mouth opening. Despite numerous therapeutic approaches, an ideal and universally accepted treatment modality remains elusive. Numerous treatment approaches for Oral Submucous Fibrosis exist, but there is limited robust evidence confirming their individual or collective effectiveness. While these treatments can alleviate the signs and symptoms of OSMF, a definitive cure remains elusive. This systematic review aims to assess and compare these various treatment modalities, focusing on their impact on clinical symptoms, functional outcomes, and disease progression. To achieve this, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and COCHRANE Library, limited to English-language publications. The search utilized incorporating the published literature till 2025 using the MeSH terms and keywords such as 'treatment modalities', 'Oral submucous fibrosis', ‘Mouth opening’, 'Diagnostic', and 'Therapeutic'. This review underscores the significance of habit control, physical therapy, intraoral appliances, as well as medicinal and surgical interventions in managing OSMF. Furthermore, it identifies areas where current knowledge is lacking, encouraging further research to develop more targeted therapies.

Artificial intelligence (AI), coupled with machine learning (ML) has been rapidly incorporated into pharmaceutical discovery and development. We reviewed 53 publications from 2018-2026 to summarize current applications of AI/ML in drug discovery. AI and ML have potential to impact every step of the drug development pipeline and have already shown to drastically reduce time frames for developing therapeutics. Specific deep learning models such as graph neural networks and transformers have shown promise in de novo molecular generation, molecular property prediction, and target recognition. Accurate protein structure prediction using AlphaFold allows for exploration of drug-target binding. De novo drug design with reinforcement learning allows for targeted design of molecules with desired properties. Machine learning models for QSAR provide more accurate toxicity predictions and ADMET profiling to avoid potential failures during drug development. However, current limitations include lack of interpretability, data limitations, and lack of regulatory approval. According to a review of recent literature, AI has the potential to decrease the time required for drug discovery from years to months and lower the cost of drug development. This review discusses recent advances, successful clinical examples, and opportunities for artificial intelligence/machine learning in drug discovery.

Cancer continues to be a leading cause of death globally, with almost 10 million people dying from the disease annually, presenting a significant global health challenge. While traditional therapies - surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy - have extended survival rates, they are often compromised due to systemic toxicity, inadequate pharmacokinetics, lack of selectivity, and drug resistance. Innovative drug delivery systems (DDS), especially nanotechnology-based DDS, have recently gained attention as potential methods to improve therapeutic outcomes and outcomes. This review critically examines the advances in drug delivery for cancer treatment, with particular emphasis on nanotechnology-based systems such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, inorganic nanoparticles, exosomes, and antibody–drug conjugates. Various features such as passive and active targeting strategies, drug release in response to stimuli, internalization and intracellular trafficking, administration routes, and in vivo considerations are thoroughly reviewed. Further, the review outlines the current clinical translation, regulatory advances, and key challenges, such as biological barriers, protein corona, scalability and tumor heterogeneity. The review also outlines future perspectives - such as artificial intelligence-driven formulation development, multi-omics integration, organoid-based systems for drug validation and precision nanomedicine - are also discussed as key factors for next-generation cancer treatment. In general, advanced DDS are helping to transform non-specific, conventional chemotherapy into targeted, efficient and individualized cancer therapies.

Much recent studies in trying to discover a more accurate and reliable method in age estimation have been ongoing. The study aimed at estimating age using the metrical parameters of the tibia bone. Long bones adjudged to be reliable also offer researchers an easy-to-use approach for its robustness and uniqueness. The cadaveric samples included bones of the right tibia of 78 males (53 profiled and 25 non-profiled for age) who are within the age range of 21 and 60 years. A convenience sampling technique was utilized for the bone collection. Two to three bone sections were collected from the mid-shaft of the right tibia using a hacksaw. The data was analyzed with SPSS 25. The findings showed that the mean of the marrow cavity diameter (MCD), marrow area (MA), radius, and area of cortex were 2.15 ± 0.07, 4.10 ± 0.27, 0.36 ± 0.01, and 0.45 ± 0.04, respectively. ANOVA test for variation shows a statistically significant (P=0) variation in the MCD and MA between the different age groups studied. The variation in the area of cortex was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The MCD, MA, and the radius of the cortex show weak correlation with age (r= 0.264, 0.363, and 0.031), and are hence poor assessors of age in males using the tibia.

Foreign body ingestion of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a frequent cause of emergency endoscopy. Although most ingested foreign bodies pass spontaneously, some require urgent intervention to prevent serious complications. We conducted a retrospective monocentric study over three years (May 2022–July 2025) including all patients admitted for emergency upper GI endoscopy for foreign body ingestion at CHU Ibn Sina Rabat. Among 506 emergency endoscopies, 42 cases (8.3%) were performed for foreign body extraction. The mean age was 39 years, with a male predominance. Food impaction was the most common cause. The esophagus was the most frequent location. Endoscopic extraction was successful in most cases, while a minority required surgical intervention. Early endoscopic management adapted to the type and location of the foreign body ensures high success rates and reduces complications.

With the acceleration of the “Going Global” strategy in Hebei Province, this study aimed to examine the foreign-related communication competence of non-English major undergraduates and its alignment with local enterprise demands. A total of 308 undergraduates from a local application-oriented university in Hebei Province were investigated using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, with data analyzed via SPSS 26.0. Results showed that participants’ overall competence was moderately low, with workplace English reading and writing as the core shortcoming, and structural mismatch with job requirements in equipment manufacturing, infrastructure and new energy industries. Self-rated English proficiency, gender and CET performance significantly affected the competence, while exam-oriented learning contributed little to intercultural literacy. Students had strong improvement motivation but cognitive misperception of job demands and heavy reliance on translation tools. This study provides empirical evidence for optimizing college English teaching to cultivate talents for Hebei’s internationalized enterprises.

The purpose of study was to find out the effect of concurrent complex training and aerobic training on anaerobic power of college handball players. To achieve this purpose of the study, forty five collegiate men handball players from affiliated colleges of Alagappa University, Karaikudi, were randomly selected as subjects. The age of the subjects ranged between 18 and 25 years. They were divided into three equal groups. The experimental group-1 (n=15, COM.T (a) AT, underwent complex training after aerobic training, the experimental group-2 (n=15, COM.T (b) AT) underwent complex training before aerobic training, and group 3 served as control group (n=10, CG) did not undergo any specific training. The anaerobic power was selected as criterion variable and the measurement was recorded in watts. The selected two treatments were performed 3 days in a week for the period of twelve weeks, as per the stipulated training program. The collected pre and post data was critically analysed with apt statistical tool of one-way analysis of co-variance, for observed the significant adjusted post-test mean difference of three groups. The Scheffe’s post hoc test was used to find out pair-wise comparisons between groups with. To test the hypothesis 0.05 level of significant was fixed in this study.

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has significantly transformed digital communication while simultaneously enabling sophisticated cyber threats, particularly AI-powered scams and deepfake-based deception. Deepfake technologies, which involve the generation of highly realistic synthetic audio-visual content, are increasingly exploited for impersonation, fraud, and misinformation, thereby posing serious risks to digital trust and cybersecurity. In Nigeria, the widespread adoption of digital platforms among tertiary institution students has heightened their exposure to such threats. This study examined the roles of cybersecurity awareness, digital literacy, and media literacy in shaping students’ preparedness to detect AI-powered scams and deepfakes in tertiary institutions in Enugu State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted, involving 469 students selected through a multistage sampling technique from universities, polytechnics, and colleges of education. Data were collected using a structured Google Forms questionnaire and analysed using mean, standard deviation, and independent samples t-test at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that students possessed cybersecurity awareness, digital literacy, and media literacy to a great extent (Grand Mean = 3.34), and demonstrated preparedness against AI-powered scams and deepfakes to a great extent (Grand Mean = 3.21). However, their ability to detect manipulated media remained relatively weak. No significant difference was found between male and female students in both awareness and preparedness. The study concludes that while students demonstrate reasonable awareness, targeted educational interventions are required to improve their ability to detect sophisticated AI-driven threats. It recommends the integration of deepfake awareness and AI fraud detection strategies into tertiary institution curricula.

The purpose of study was to find out the effect of varied neuro mucular training on muscular endurance of school athletes. To achieve this purpose of the study, forty five school boys athletes from St.Marys school Nagerkiol, were randomly selected as subjects. The age of the subjects ranged between 12 and 13 years. They were divided into three equal groups. The experimental group-1, underwent jump rope training the experimental group-2 underwent ladder training and group 3 served as control group and did not do any specific training. The muscular endurance was selected as criterion variable and the measurement was recorded in counts. The selected two treatments were performed 3 days in a week for the period of twelve weeks, as per the stipulated training program. The collected pre and post data was critically analysed with apt statistical tool of one-way analysis of co-variance, for observed the significant adjusted post-test mean difference of three groups. The Scheffe’s post hoc test was used to find out pair-wise comparisons between groups with. To test the hypothesis 0.05 level of significant was fixed in this study.

The overall objective of this study was to assess the hygienic quality of food sold on the streets of Kisangani and to identify alternative solutions to combat the pathogenic bacteria contaminating these foods. Bacteriological analyses of the samples (isolation and enumeration) revealed high bacterial loads of FMAT, Enterobacteria, and Salmonella, indicating significant food contamination. Thus, the average bacterial counts ranged from 13,209.09 to 648,272.42 CFU/g for FMAT; 30 to 809.09 CFU/g for Enterobacteria; and 0 to 1,663.64 CFU/g for Salmonella. Furthermore, Staphylococci were not detected at any of the sites. High levels of FMAT, Enterobacteria, and Salmonella were observed in the municipalities of Makiso, Kisangani, and Kabondo, respectively.