Functional dyspepsia (FD), a commonly prevalent multifactorial disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), is encountered and managed in family practice and gastroenterology clinics. The diagnosis is solely clinical based on Rome-IV criteria, excluding the organic, systemic, or metabolic causes. Management is often challenging ranging from lifestyle modifications, H-pylori eradication, H2-receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, and prokinetics (1st-line) to antidepressants, and antipsychotics (2nd line) of therapy, once the patient shows no response to 1st line. In severe cases, refractory to 1st & the 2nd line of treatment needs a team approach and gut-brain behavioral therapy. Herein, we present a young female patient diagnosed with FD, managed well with 2nd-line treatment (Sulpiride), an atypical antipsychotic medication, as the patient's symptoms showed no improvement with first-line treatment.

Introduction: The relationship between Apgar scores and perinatal outcomes is a critical area of study in neonatal health, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh. This study aims to explore the impact of lower Apgar scores on perinatal outcomes, providing valuable insights into neonatal health and the effectiveness of prenatal assessments. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 150 pregnant women from a medical facility in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Participants were assessed using the Biophysical Profile (BPP) score and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes post-delivery. The study focused on the association between these scores and perinatal outcomes, including birth asphyxia, neonatal death, and INCU admissions. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the significance of these associations. Result: The majority of the study population were young, with 62% aged between 18-25 years. A significant correlation was found between lower Apgar scores at 1 minute and adverse perinatal outcomes. Specifically, 100% of neonates with a BPP score of 6 had an Apgar score of less than 7 at 1 minute, compared to only 2.65% in the BPP score 10 group. Additionally, 52% of neonates with an Apgar score of less than 7 at 1 minute experienced birth asphyxia, and 48% required INCU admission. Conclusion: The study highlights the critical role of Apgar and BPP scores in predicting adverse perinatal outcomes. Lower Apgar scores at 1 minute post-delivery are significantly associated with negative neonatal health outcomes, emphasizing the need for vigilant prenatal monitoring and preparedness for immediate neonatal care, particularly in resource-limited settings like Bangladesh. This research contributes to the understanding of neonatal health in such contexts and underscores the importance of predictive assessments in improving perinatal health outcomes.

The use of smartphones and apps has helped this new generation in every aspect of life. So, the concept of introduction of smartphone apps in dental education and treatment might provide an innovative way of modern dental practise both for clinicians and for the patients as well. This review literature enumerates the knowledge and purpose of all the important smartphone apps available on the Indian server. Clinical Relevance Statement: This review article provides a platform and description of available smartphone dental apps which makes convenient for the patient to have a knowledge regarding dental treatment. Objective: To educate dental professionals and patients about available smartphone dental apps and its applications in dentistry.

Wheat is one of the most important crop. Which is cultivated in whole world. It belongs to Poaceae family. An experiment was performed to check the effect of foliar application of benzoic acid on growth and production of wheat. This experiment was conducted according to complete randomized design. Three treatments of benzoic acid (100 ml/L, 200 ml/L and 400 ml/L) were used. Data was recorded for plant height, number of tillers/m2, flag leaf area, spike length, number of grains/spike and plant dry weight/m2. Then data was analyzed by ANOVA and mean values of each treatment were compared by using Fisher’s LSD. The results showed that foliar use of benzoic acid at 200 ml/L provided the best results for all traits (number of tillers/m2, flag leaf area, spike length, number of grains/spike and plant dry weight/m2) except plant height. Foliar application of benzoic acid at 200 ml/L greatly enhance the growth and yield in wheat. This was because of increase in auxin production or increase in cell division. While height was the only trait which was gradually decreased with the increase of benzoic acid level.

Quality management systems (QMS) have been increasingly implemented in healthcare settings to improve patient care and safety. This study aims to explore the implementation of QMS in laboratory, nursing, and radiology departments and their impact on patient care and safety. The implementation of QMS in the laboratory involves the establishment of quality control measures, standard operating procedures, and continuous monitoring of processes to ensure accuracy and reliability of test results. Nursing is at the forefront of patient care, and the implementation of QMS in nursing departments focuses on standardizing care processes, improving communication and collaboration among healthcare teams, and ensuring patient safety through the use of evidence-based practices. Radiology departments also benefit from the implementation of QMS, as it helps to standardize imaging protocols, ensure equipment maintenance and calibration, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of diagnostic reports. The impact of QMS implementation on patient care and safety is significant. Studies have shown that healthcare organizations with robust QMS in place have lower rates of medical errors, reduced patient complications, and improved patient outcomes. Furthermore, QMS implementation can also lead to cost savings by reducing waste, improving efficiency, and minimizing the need for rework.

Since time immemorial medicinal tree plants have been harvested for use in traditional remedies for treating not only common ailments but also serious diseases like diabetes and cancer besides heart diseases. In advanced countries, however, plant-based medicines are purified and modified to use with increased awareness of their medicinal value. Of 65 tree species of medicinal importance reported in Oman, Moringa peregrina (Forssk) Fiori. is often found in either hilly or mountainous areas of Oman on rocky slopes amongst stones and wadi beds and is known for its medicinal use among ethnomedicine practitioners. The present investigations explore indigenous Moringa peregrina of Oman in terms of physical characteristics of seed and kernel, proximate, mineral, and fatty acid composition for plausible nutritional and nutraceutical applications. The soil and plant features, physical characteristics of mature seeds, and proximate and fatty acid composition of mature and immature seeds were recorded following standard procedures. The results indicated that indigenous wild Moringa peregrina trees were 6.8m tall occupying an area of 59.16 m2 with satisfactory chlorophyll content (57.5 at LEAF value). Mature seeds were trigonous and grayish brown and able to give 68.91% of the milky white kernel. Seeds were highest in carbohydrates (36.05%), followed by total fat (33.52%) and proteins (22.21%), and contain more than 10% each of Oleic acid, Palmitic acid, Behenic acid, Eicisenoic acid, Palmitoleic acid, and Stearic acid. Moringa peregrina has been suggested for use for human consumption with caution until after the exclusion of the detrimental effects of phytotoxins possibly present in its products.

Lagos, Nigeria, renowned for its multicultural history, is explored in this article within the context of Nigerian cinema and sociological perspectives. This article investigates how Nollywood films depict Lagos using sociological theory that emphasizes representing society as it is. It begins with the city's historical evolution, emphasizing its role as Nigeria's entertainment capital and its impact on the film industry. The article underlines how Nollywood films influence perceptions of Lagos, advocating for balanced portrayals. It analyzes three Nollywood films to illustrate the city's diverse character. These films represent different facets of Lagos, showcasing its dynamic and diverse character. Findings from the study reveal that while some filmmakers aim to promote Lagos as an attractive and vibrant city, there is a need for a balanced representation of the city's various aspects. The article also addresses the ethical responsibility of filmmakers to inform viewers when a film is purely fictional or contains elements of reality. In conclusion, this article offers valuable insights into the sociological portrayal of Lagos in Nigerian cinema, highlighting the need for a more balanced and responsible depiction of this multicultural city. Ultimately, the article emphasizes the influence of film on society and calls for thoughtful storytelling in a city with a dynamic, multicultural identity.

Farm animal growth boosters, which are non-essential chemicals, have long been used by veterinarians and animal producers as feed additives or implants. These substances, which have anabolic action and enhance animal performance in many meat-exporting nations, include beta-agonists, anabolic hormones, and bovine somatotropin. Additionally, as the animal's nutritional status influences the availability of nutrients needed for the advancement of development and growth, the development of multiple and individual organs depends on it. Since the sources and accessibility of nutrients vary depending on the animal's developmental stage, changes in the animal's nutritional status are normal. Furthermore, obstacles from the external environment also drastically alter extrinsic nutritional conditions. Despite tremendous advances in animal science and related technologies, there are still a lot of unanswered questions about how hormones impact the welfare and productivity of food animals as well as the public's perception of their usage. Bridging these gaps through translational and transformational research progress both basic and applied animal science, with the goal of feeding an expanding population.

Globally, several efforts have been made to promote the rights and inclusion of vulnerable members of society, however, persons with disabilities (PWDs) in Nigeria are constantly faced with several barriers to their full participation in social, economic, political, and environmental circles. These challenges which have been discovered to be a result of societal prejudice/misconceptions, limited resources, inability to access necessary facilities/resources, educational discrimination/limitations, employment discrimination, and policy gaps can present significant obstacles to their abilities to acquire and execute skills that will make them self-sustainable and contribute meaningfully to society, ultimately hindering collective national sustainable development. This study adopts a comprehensive study of relevant literature, observation, and interview at centres for PWDs to address the societal attitudes, discriminatory practices, and specific obstacles faced by PWDs in Nigeria. A comparison of inclusive practices in other developing and developed nations were made to show the progress Nigeria has made and the gaps that need to be filled. The study further explores the negative impacts of exclusion on national sustainability, and the implications of disability inclusion on the promotion of economic, social, political, and environmental sustainability in Nigeria. Conclusively, this research proposes some recommendations to address the barriers limiting disability inclusion in Nigeria, through the employment of specific strategies such as creating awareness of disability issues, providing accommodations, promoting inclusive policies, and engaging in community-based rehabilitation programs which when implemented will improve the quality of life of PWDs, thus promoting their contribution to national sustainable development.

Nursing interventions cover a wide range of actions, including physical care, emotional support, patient education, prescription delivery, and coordination of healthcare services. They play a vital effect on patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions in educating patients about the importance of adhering to medication regimens. The research will focus on assessing the impact of nurse-led education on patient understanding and compliance with medication regimens. The study will utilize a mixed-methods approach. The findings will provide valuable insights into the role of nursing interventions in promoting medication adherence and improving patient outcomes. Nurse care, medication adherence, and importance of following medication regimens post-procedures will also be discussed in this review. The review concluded that, nursing interventions are essential in informing patients about the need of sticking to prescription schedules after X-ray and laboratory procedures. Nurses may help patients realize the importance of adhering to their prescribed drug regimens by giving them clear and thorough information, which will eventually enhance their health outcomes. Nurses may enable patients to actively participate in their own health and well-being management by using effective communication techniques and patient education. This emphasizes how critical nursing interventions are to encouraging drug compliance and guaranteeing the efficacy of medical procedures.

In the context of the pervasive global pandemic, this research article meticulously investigates the detrimental repercussions inflicted upon Bangladesh's small and medium-sized garment industry by the relentless onslaught of COVID-19. Through a comprehensive lens, it scrutinizes the intricate challenges faced by manufacturers and suppliers, ranging from disrupted supply chains and diminished consumer demand to financial strain and workforce implications. Delving into the nuanced layers of this crisis, the research articulates the profound impact on the economic landscape and social fabric of the nation. The article not only highlights the adversities but also serves as a beacon of resilience, presenting an array of potential solutions to navigate and transcend the challenges posed by the pandemic. These solutions encompass strategic adaptations in business models, leveraging technology for operational efficiency, policy recommendations for industry support, and fostering international collaborations to bolster recovery efforts. This research article thoroughly examines the adverse repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on Bangladesh's small and medium-sized garment industry, specifically focusing on manufacturers and suppliers. The detailed abstract delves into the multifaceted challenges faced by these entities, ranging from disrupted supply chains to decreased consumer demand. The article also provides a comprehensive analysis of potential solutions, proposing strategies and interventions aimed at helping the industry recover and thrive despite the ongoing outbreak.

Background: NAFLD is a spectrum of liver disease ranging from fatty liver to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Due to the epidemic proportion of individuals with NAFLD worldwide, liver biopsy evaluation is impractical, and noninvasive assessment for the diagnosis of NASH and fibrosis is needed. In this study we aimed to compare FIB-4, APRI, and NFS score to FibroScan for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Methods: This prospective study included 103 patients with NAFLD and was conducted in the Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit of Functional Digestive Explorations at CHU Ibn SINA in RABAT MOROCCO and covers the period from 01/2016 to 04/2023. A checklist was used to record the demographic features and biological data of the patients. Then, all patients underwent FibroScan using the FibroScan compact 530 device (Echosens, France). Results: Of the 103 patients with NAFLD included in this study, with a mean age of 54.4 ± 11.4 years, 35(34%) were male and 68 (66%) were female. Based on FibroScan results, 58 patients (56.3%) were classified as F1, 13 (12.6%) as F2, 5 (4.9 %) as F3, and 27 (26.2 %) as F4. A significant correlation was found between FibroScan and FIB-4 (r = 0.365), APRI (r = 0.376), and NFS score (r = 0.356) (P < 0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of APRI at the 0.64 cut-off for the differentiation of F3F4 from F2F1 were 59.4, 84.5, 63.3, 82.2 and 76.7%. FIB-4 at the 1.8 cut-off 68.8, 83.1, 64.7, 85.5, 78.6% and NFS at the 0.89 cut-off 71.9, 69, 51.1, 84.5 and 69.9% respectively. Moreover, the area under the receiver operating curve of APRI, FIB-4, and NFS for the differentiation of F3F4 from F1F2 was 0.782, 0.779, and 0.723, respectively. Conclusions: Based on these results, APRI appears to be the most appropriate substitute of FibroScan for the detection of significant fibrosis in NAFLD patients.

The thematic translation of the Holy Quran has been attempted long ago by various translators. And due to the fact that the requirements of the translator of Islamic texts are a bit more complicated, the translation of some Arabic grammatical and rhetorical forms might pose a real challenge for non-native speakers of Arabic. Mastering the Arabic language, being it the Source Language of Islamic texts to be translated into any Target Language, is inevitable for any translator of such text types. The thematic translation of the Holy Quran by some translators having neither the SL nor the TL as their L1, makes their attempt even more challenging. Indeed, Arabic language is the mother tongue of Hilali; yet, not of Khan. This study highlights their rendering into English the definite article “al ال” modifying the Islam-Specific Nouns in selected Surahs: Al-Baqara (2:2), (2:3), (2: 43-45), (2:57), (2:198), al-Imran (3:3), Al-Maida (5: 2), At-Tauba (9:60), and Al-Furqan (25 :38).

The production of discrete guard cells without plasmodesmata, in addition to its highly specialised division and differentiation processes, makes the stomate an intriguing model for developmental biology. Most comparisons of the leaf nutritional properties of different plant forms are focused on the species scale or local scale. Understanding the intercellular communication, asymmetric cell division, and stomatal state transitions that underlie stomatal development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Pathogens affect animal populations, but population status, size, and density affect the rate and effectiveness of disease transmission and dissemination. There is an instantaneous effect of lessening the impact effect of precipitation by direct interception that slows the outflow because of the presence of trees, bushes, and lawn areas. Drought stress and pathogen infection can interact in both antagonistic and additive ways. Given how often drought stress occurs and how many plant diseases have been reported to be affected by it, this combination of stresses may be considered one of the most important combinations affecting crop yields. Physical stressors such as excessive moisture content preventing oxygen from diffusing to the root tip, hypoxia resulting from insufficient water availability, a negative matric potential, compaction, or soil drying can all limit the amount of root elongation.

Most of the molecular targets are genes involved in carbohydrate and sugar metabolism. The jasmonic acid signaling regulation controls a range of plant developmental processes and responses to biotic and abiotic stressors; this regulation most likely involves the photosynthetic apparatus. Proteases and peptidases that are specialized to certain compartments, their number, location, and turnover, protein interactors, and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, nitrosylation, and carbonylation are among these activities. The adding pure natural components and plant extracts to food may help prevent botulism. Furthermore, given the lack of apparent pharmacological treatment, whole foods high in polyphenols and the bioactive substances contain have to be assessed for potential medical benefits. The food chain is seriously endangered by fusarium species and other fungal species that infect food, particularly grain. Mycotoxins' harmful effects on people are limited by the highest amounts that are allowed in food. Several nations have placed restrictions on the number of mycotoxins that can be found in food items.