The research is geared towards investigation on one hand the extent to which Hausa is found on the internet, and utilizing the internet for documenting Hausa materials on the other. The most active internet search engines (i.e. AOL, Ask, Baidu, Bing, DuckDuckGo, Google, Internet Archive, WolframAlpha, Yandex. and Yahoo) were utilized to determine the number of existing and functioning Hausa websites. The activities and contents of the websites were studied to ascertain if they help matters by providing the needed materials for the ‘Hausa academic world’. The areas and forms of weaknesses of the sites were studied accordingly. It has been observed that the Hausa websites are dominated by several challenges ranging from socio-political to environmental. Finally, suggestions are offered as panaceas for the observed problems, one of which is the need for a collaborative effort between departments and centers for the studies in the Hausa language and the enthusiastic Hausa bloggers for the attainment of common documentation and improvement goals.

Transformational leadership invites teachers to do the right thing, and motivates them to achieve common goals. So far, teacher discipline has not been optimal, this can be seen from the time discipline, there are still teachers who leave school during working hours for reasons that cannot be accounted for, teachers who arrive late or leave early before time for no apparent reason. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the transformational leadership of school principals on work commitment, motivation, and work discipline of high school teachers in Banjarmasin City. This research is a correlational descriptive. The population referred to in this study were all 135 high school teachers in the city of Banjarmasin from 13 schools. Data collection techniques through questionnaires and documentation, while the data analysis was done descriptively. The results of the frequency description show that 153 respondents or 78.43% of respondents stated that the transformational leadership of the principal of SMAN Banjarmasin City was in the good category, 3 respondents (1.96%) said it was very good and 30 respondents or 19.61% said it was quite good. there is no assessment of the school principal's transformational leadership in the unfavorable, no and not good categories. The majority of principals' transformational leadership at SMAN Kota Banjarmasin is in the high category, while teacher work commitment is in the medium category, teacher work motivation is in the medium category and teacher discipline is included in the high category. 43% of respondents stated that the transformational leadership of the principal of SMAN Kota Banjarmasin was in the good category, 3 respondents (1.96%) said it was very good and 30 respondents or 19.61% said it was quite good. there is no assessment of the school principal's transformational leadership in the unfavorable, no and not good categories. The majority of principals' transformational leadership at SMAN Kota Banjarmasin is in the high category, while teacher work commitment is in the medium category, teacher work motivation is in the medium category and teacher discipline is included in the high category. 43% of respondents stated that the transformational leadership of the principal of SMAN Kota Banjarmasin was in the good category, 3 respondents (1.96%) said it was very good and 30 respondents or 19.61% said it was quite good.

Diabetes is a common chronic metabolic disease that has attracted a lot of attention in the dental community because of its possible effects on peri-implant therapy. Dental implant procedures have grown in popularity as a means of replacing lost teeth. This systematic review aims to investigate the ways in which diabetes impacts different peri-implant therapy aspects. Up until February 2023, electronic databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase were thoroughly searched. Eleven studies in total that complied with the inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. These studies used both prospective and retrospective designs to investigate the impact of diabetes on implant outcomes. An overview of the impact of diabetes on the outcomes of peri-implant therapy, such as implant success, survival, and tissue health around the implants, is given in this abstract. Numerous studies repeatedly show that diabetes adversely affects these crucial facets of implant therapy. Diabetes affects soft tissue health around dental implants, lowers implant survival rates, and increases the risk of peri-implantitis.

Reproductive process cannot be complete without hormone and if these hormones are not in the right proportion, then reproductive process could fail. Hormones are chemical substances produced by the endocrine gland and its physiological action is exerted on a target organ different from the secretion’s site. The aim is this study is to evaluate Effect of aqueous leave extract of D. alba ness (Thorn Apple) on gonadotropic hormones (FSH, LH) and prolactin following administration of MSG and clomid citrate in male wistar rats. The study involves 35 male wistar rats weighing between 130g to 160g. The animals were randomly selected into 7 with five animals per group. Each group received the following: group 1 10mls/kg of distil water, group 2 low dose of extract (1000mg/kg), group 3 high dose of extract(2000mg/kg), group 4 MSG 800mg/kg, group 5 clomid 50mg/kg, group 6 MSG + high dose of extract and group 7 clomid+ high dose of extract. Administration of extract was done through oral gavage for 21 days, thereafter, the animals were sacrificed on the 22nd day, and blood samples were collected for hormonal analysis. The results showed significant increase in serum levels of FSH and LH in the MSG group and decreased in FHS levels in all others treated groups when compared with control. The serum levels of FSH and LH rises when extract was co-administered with MSG. The serum levels of LH slightly increased when extract was co-administered with clomid serum levels of FSH do not increased when extract was co-administered with clomid. The statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.

Background- The writers used a custom-built electronic utmost agreement to examine endodontic analytical and management consequence measurements in patients with and without diabetes. Methods- The medical histories and endodontic management statistics for nonsurgical endodontic patients treated in predoctoral and postgraduate specialty clinics were entered into an electronic record system. A entire of 5,134 cases (including 284 cases in patients with diabetes) were treated, and 150 cases (including 63 cases in patients with diabetes) had follow-up data two years or additional postoperatively. The writers applied and multivariate evaluates to control significant issues touching endodontic analysis and treatment. Results- Patients with diabetes had enlarged periodontal infection of teeth with endodontic connection associated with patients who did not have diabetes. There was a movement near enlarged suggestive peri-radicular illness in patients with diabetes who conventional insulin, as well as flare ups in all patients with diabetes. Two years or longer post-operatively, 58 percent of cases surveyed were effective. Older age, the absence of preoperative lesions, the presence of permanent restorations and longer postoperative evaluation phases all were supplementary with an effective outcome. A multivariate examination displayed that in cases with preoperative peri-radicular lesions, a history of diabetes was supplementary with a meaningfully complete successful outcome. Conclusions- Patients with diabetes have enlarged periodontal disease in teeth involved endodontically and have a reduced likelihood of success of endodontic treatment in cases with preoperative peri-radicular lesions. Clinical Implications- Patients with diabetes who are preserved endodonticaly should be evaluated carefully and be preserved with operative antimicrobial root canal regimens, mainly in cases with preoperative lesions.

Phytomedicine has become popular among and majority of women depends on herbal medicine when seeking healthcare. Several women opted for herbal medicine when looking for fertility and most the women that hormonal imbalance depends on herbal medicine for correction. Hormones is substance that must be required and must be in the right values for reproduction to occur. The aim is this study is to ascertain the Effect of aqueous leave extract of D. alba ness (Thorn Apple) on gonadotropic hormones (FSH, LH) Treated with monosodium glutamate (MSG) and clomiphene citrate in female wistar rats. The animals were randomly selected into 7 with five animals per group. Each group received the following: group 1 10mls/kg of distil water, group 2 low dose of extract (1000mg/kg), group 3 high dose of extract(2000mg/kg), group 4 MSG 800mg/kg, group 5 clomid 50mg/kg, group 6 MSG + high dose of extract and group 7 clomid+ high dose of extract. Administration of extract was done for 21 days, and on the 22nd day, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for hormonal analysis. The results revealed significant decreased in the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormones (FSH) in all the treatment groups (extract 1000mg/kg, extract 2000mg/kg, MSG 800mg/kg, MSG 800mg/kg + extract 2000mg/kg, and clomid 50mg/kg + extract 2000mg/kg) when compared with control and significant increase in serum levels FSH in clomid 50mg/kg treated group. Luteinizing hormone (LH) serum levels significantly decreased in all the treatment groups when compared with the control group. LH levels in the clomid group significantly increased when compared with other treatment groups. The statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.

Manufacturing is an industrial component that is widely regarded as the cornerstone of both social and economic development. This study investigates the drivers of manufacturing export performance in Nigeria for the period 1981-2019. Given the existence of endogeneity problem in the model, the study under a dynamic time series estimation employed GMM estimator. Manufacturing exports performance was measured using growth rate of manufactured exports, percentage of manufacturing export in GDP and manufactured export as percentage of total export. The results show that improvement in the degree of trade openness, increasing manufacturing value added, access to financial services, relative prices and increasing investment level through FDI were found to be the determinant factors that have tendency to enhance manufacturing exports performance in Nigeria. Based on these findings, policy implications include providing adequate financing and increasing credit allocation to the manufacturing sector, as well as implementing policies aimed at promoting access to financial services in order to ensure efficient distribution to the preferred sector. The Nigerian government should implement trade barriers-removal policies while also promoting policies that lead to the country's exceptional advancement. Other policy recommendations derived from the empirical findings are thoroughly discussed in the concluding part of the paper.

Introduction: The prevalence of glaucoma and cataracts has been rising. The crowded anterior segment architecture that results in appositional contact between the trabecular meshwork and the peripheral iris is the cause of primary angle closure. A technique to control intraocular pressure and deepen the anterior chamber is lens extraction. Objectives: To evaluate intraocular pressure changes in narrow angle eyes following phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Methodology: The study was carried out between March 2015 and August 2017 at Department of Ophthalmology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh on patients diagnosed with narrow-angle who also developed cataract. A narrow angle was defined as an anterior chamber angle grading of 2 or less on Shaffer grading in three or more quadrants. In accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a sample from the study population was drawn using the purposive type sampling technique. Participants in this prospective trial had foldable lens implantation after phacoemulsification surgery. Goldman applanation tonometry was done prior to surgery as well as on the tenth and thirtieth postoperative day. Results: The study included thirty eyes from 29 individuals, with a male to female ratio of 1:1 and an overall mean age of 62.03±8.95 years. Preoperative IOP was 13.66±1.69 mm Hg on average. The mean IOP at the 10th and 30th POD was 11.83±2.21 mm Hg and 11.00±2.07 mm Hg, respectively. At the final follow-up, the mean IOP drop was 2.66 mm Hg (p<0.05). Conclusion: In individuals with narrow angles, phacoemulsification combined with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation can lower intraocular pressure. These results support the notion that phacoemulsification combined with foldable IOL implantation is a useful technique for reducing intraocular pressure.

The transformation of terrorism from Al-Qaeda to the Islamic State (IS) has created new security challenges. This article examines the threats posed by these two groups by discussing their ideologies, structures and capabilities. Unlike local terrorist groups like the Afghan Taliban, the Islamic State and Al-Qaeda pose a global threat. The work looked at the origin of Al- Qaeda which cannot be separated from the soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, and the objective of Al- Qaeda which main purpose is unifying and leading the jihad movement and providing its purpose and direction. The organization of Al- Qaeda was also discuss in this work, which is divided into four levels, which include, core Al- Qaeda, affiliated groups, allied groups and motivated persons and network. This work also assessed the impact of Al- Qaeda in global security, where some scholars argued that the group is not viable enough to pose global threat while others argued against it. On the other hand this work examined the origin of IS which started as a result of U.S military intervention in Iraq in 2003. It also examines resource base of IS and its objectives which is the destruction of the asymmetry status- quo existing for a long between Muslim countries and the Western allies. The impact and threat assessment of Al- Qaeda and IS on global security which we found out is that IS initially was fighting the near enemy in Iraqi and Syrian regimes, but latter changed its strategy by equally focusing on the “far enemy” as well, and manifested in its high profile attacks in Europe and other places beyond the Middle East. Lastly the researcher look at the differences between Al- Qaeda and IS in terms of their structure, brutality, popularity, conceptual difference etc. At the end, this paper recommends that a comprehensive global strategy is required to eradicate this growing menace of organized terrorism.

Children's growth, health, and development depend on proper nutrition in infancy and early childhood. Worldwide, nursing is advantageous for both mother and child since breast milk is the best source of baby nourishment. This study examined mothers' knowledge and attitude about exclusive breast feeding’s nutritional benefits. A cross-sectional survey of 384 mothers was conducted in rural Igabi LGA. The data was acquired using structured questionnaires. SPSS 21 was used to enter and evaluate data. Chi-square determined categorical data associations. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. By knowledge score, 13.80% of mothers had adequate knowledge, 51.04% intermediate, and 35.15% deficient. Attitude score: 63.80% of mothers were positive. Most mothers (52.5%) reported breast problems as major issues. A local language campaign to educate women about the nutritional benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and renewing the Baby-Friendly Hospital Policy can reduce child mortality, according to the study.

Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. The present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of 5, 7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Thirty-five adult male Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into seven groups (n = 5 each) which consisted of normal control (group 1) receiving phosphate buffer saline (0.4 ml), positive control (Group 2) received 2mg\kg of doxorubicin (DOX) through an intraperitoneal route once weekly for 21 days, chrysin low dose and chrysin high dose (Group 3 and 4) received oral administration of chrysin 50&100mg/kg for 21 days, chrysin low dose and DOX, chrysin medium dose and DOX and chrysin high dose and DOX(group 5, 6, and 7) received 2mg/kg of DOX once weekly with 50, 100 and 150mg/kg of chrysin for 21 days. Significant elevations in cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and histological lesions, which corresponded with oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptotic indicators, and cardiotoxicity when compared to controls, were indicative of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a sign of oxidative stress, SOD, CPK (creatinine phosphokinase), TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance), and CAT (catalase) were also elevated in the DOX group. The DOX group also had increased levels of cardiac inflammatory markers, including as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the apoptotic marker caspase-3. 5, 7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) significantly mitigated, but did not entirely reverse, the cardiotoxicity caused by DOX by reducing the histopathological scores of cardiomyopathies and lowering cTnI in comparison to the DOX group. Additionally, chrysin reduced MDA to substantially similar levels as the control. Following chrysin administration, significant decreases in IL-1, IL-6, and caspase-3 were also seen in comparison to the DOX-only group. All things considered, these findings point to chrysin's protective action against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, which may have been rendered possible by oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic suppression.

Since 2018, are still disparities in the research results on items, prices, locations, promotions, people, processes, and physical evidence associated with customer loyalty based on the marketing mix and customer or patient loyalty. This study’s compares the theory and practice concerning the effect of marketing mix to outpatients’ loyalty. Hajj Hospital is currently experiencing a drop in the number of patients though numerous promotional efforts have been made, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is anticipated that the marketing mix will enhance consumer views of a product’s quality, as measured by consumers’ evaluations of the product. If the consumer perceives that the hospital provides high-quality services, the hospital’s image will be positive; this condition might boost customer or patient satisfaction. This study aims to determine which element of the marketing mix has the most significant impact on patient loyalty at Hajj Hospital. This study used a quantitative cross-sectional design approach, with 100 outpatient samples, and was analysed using SPSS. It was discovered that additional studies incorporated planning, control, monitoring, and evaluation into the marketing mix, utilising longitudinal studies or interventions for healthcare professionals that provide services to patients.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) report is an effective way to promote the management of social responsibility and strengthen internal and external communication. CEO Statement, as the initial and prominent section in CSR reports, can give readers an overview of the whole reports. This paper selects Huawei and Apple as the data source and downloads the CEO statements in CSR reports from the official websites between 2017 and 2021 and build two corpora. The author uses Fairclough’s three-dimensional critical discourse analysis (CDA) mode as framework to analyze text, discourse practice and social practice of the CEO statements. By comparative analysis of CEO statements in Huawei and Apple CSR reports, we can find different features caused by different cultures. The study will provide practical suggestions for Chinese companies when compiling overseas CSR reports.

Background: Nursing students often struggle to maintain their health due to the rigorous demands of their curriculum, which frequently involves long hours of clinical work and exposure to stressful environments. Objective: This research study sought to investigate the effectiveness of a health promotion program based on Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) for nursing students with chronic illnesses. Methods: The study utilized a quasi-experimental design, including 105 nursing students from several institutions—55 participants belonging to an experimental group and 50 in the control group. To determine the students' quality of well-being prior- and post-treatment/phases, researchers monitored their health behaviors utilizing the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) survey tool. The program included educational activities designed around coping with chronic diseases such as nutritional counseling or exercise planning also practical tools like stress management protocols/particulars along with peer support constructs/frameworks as key components in addressing adverse effects associated with such conditions. Results: Based on the results of the paired t-tests, a significant increase in HPLP-II scores was identified after the intervention in those assigned to the experimental group. Furthermore, an independent t-test highlighted that a significant difference existed between the average HPLP-II score for experimental and control groups. Discussion: These findings were scrutinized within Pender's Health Promotion Model framework to identify which aspects of the intervention contributed most efficiently to improved health behaviors and resultant outcomes. Conclusion: This research study established compelling evidence which supports the utilization of Pender's Health Promotion Model in improving health-promoting behaviors among nursing learners with chronic ailments. This finding could help nursing educators and healthcare professionals to outline interventions for this particular demographic group.

Padayachee and Van Wyk in 1987 first documented the case of Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) and regarded this as ‘sialo-odontogenic cyst’ they published two cases that mimicked botryoid odontogenic cyst and the central mucoepidermoid tumor of jaws. Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is counted as infrequent developmental odontogenic cyst of jaw that has the incidence of 0.012 to 1.3% only GOC is very rare with only 111 cases have been documented in the English literate till date. This case report in unique as this patient presented with the painless swelling in maxillary anterior region.