Study on the Kinematic Characteristics of Different Level Jumpers Squatting and Jumping Under Different Ground
Hua Hewen
Page Numbers : 161-171
DOI : 10.36348/jaspe.2021.v04i07.002
Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the kinematic differences of different level jumping athletes in the process of squatting on different ground, and to reveal the photomechanical mechanism of the effect of squatting on the different ground on training effect. Methods: The subjects were 11 first-class and above jumping athletes (excellent group) and 11 second-class athletes (ordinary group). The kinematic data were photographed by SONYDCRHC52E high-speed camera with a sampling frequency of 50 frames per second, and the data were analyzed by SIMI-Motion three-dimensional motion analysis system. Subjects squatted and jumped on four kinds of ground (force platform, balance pad, gymnastics pad, and sand) with their hands on their hips. Results: In the intra-group analysis, it was found that the athletes of different levels squatted and jumped on four different kinds of ground, but there was no significant difference only on the balance pad and gymnastics mat (excellent group p=0.344, ordinary group p=1). In the inter-group analysis, it was found that there were significant differences between different levels of athletes in balance pad (p=0.043) and sand (p=0.02). In the buffering stage of the squatting jump, there was no significant difference in the buffering angle displacement of lower limb joints of different athletes on different ground. In the stage of pedal and extension, the angular displacement of the ankle on the middle platform of the excellent group was significantly different from that of the balance pad (p=0.014), gymnastics pad (p=0.017), and sand (p=0.013), but in the ordinary group, the ankle angular displacement of the middle platform was only significantly different from that of the gymnastics pad (p= 0.048) and sand (p=0.017), but not significantly different from that of the balance pad (p=0.166). The maximum angular velocity of the hip joint of athletes of different levels was significantly different among different ground groups. The maximum angular velocity of the ankle joint of the common group was significantly different in force platform and sand (p=0.032), gymnastics ma,t and sand (p=0.008), but there was no significant difference in balance pad. Conclusion: Different places have a great influence on the ordinary group, and on the ground with lower elastic coefficient, the maximum angular velocity of the ankle joint in the ordinary group is much smaller than that in the excellent group, which indicates that the rapid contractile ability of ankle muscles in the ordinary group is poor on the ground with low elastic coefficient. When squatting and jumping on the ground with a lower elastic coefficient, the excellent group has better body control and coordination and lower joint energy loss, which makes the jumping effect better, while the ordinary group squats and jumps on the ground with a low elastic coefficient and unstable ground. The jumping effect is poor.
Original Research Article
July 14, 2021
Predictors of Alcohol Abuse among University Students- A Case of a Kenyan University
Oloo Micky Olutende, Martin Sisa Yauma, Prof. Edwin K. Wamukoya
Page Numbers : 151-160
DOI : 10.36348/jaspe.2021.v04i07.001
Problem: Despite the growing problems of global alcohol abuse, accurate information on the prevalence of alcohol abuse among university students in Kenya is still inadequate. Objective: The study therefore aimed to determine the prevalence and socio demographic determinants of alcohol abuse among university students Design. The study design was a cross-sectional analytical, that utilized quantitative methods. Setting: The study was conducted in Kakamega County, located in Western Kenya. Sample: Stratified random sampling was utilized to select the study group. Analysis: Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Data presentation was done using frequency tables, charts and in narratives. The alpha level for all the computations was considered significant at an α <0.05. Main outcome measures: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test questionnaire (AUDIT) was used to assess the prevalence of alcohol abuse Results. The participants included 112 students in year 1, 101 students in year 2, 80 students in year 3 and 162 students in year 4. Prevalence results showed that majority of the respondents (78.9%) claimed to have never taken a drink containing alcohol and most of the respondents (86.5%) were at low risk level of alcohol abuse with scores of between 0-7 in the AUDIT. The study found significant association between the prevalence of alcohol abuse and the year of study, marital status, family's economic status and the living arrangements (with whom). There was no significant association between the prevalence of alcohol abuse and age, course of study undertaken and place of residence. Conclusion: It was concluded that alcohol abuse is generally less prevalent among university students and is associated with year of study, marital status, family economic status and living arrangement. Recommendation: Based on the findings of this study, there is need to detect, strengthen various policies and programs and accordingly make changes to address the factors that contribute to alcohol abuse in the institutions of higher learning in Kenyan.
Original Research Article
June 25, 2021
Attenuated Kinetic and Kinematic Properties During Very Slow Tempo Versus Maximal Velocity Resistance Exercise
Patricia R. Dietz Parsons, Andrew C. Fry, Trent J. Herda, Dimitrije Cabarkapa, Michael T. Lane, Matthew J. Andre
Page Numbers : 143-150
DOI : 10.36348/jaspe.2021.v04i06.002
Purposely slow velocity resistance exercise (i.e., 10 sec concentric and 10 sec eccentric), sometimes called slow tempo, is a popular training method, but limits the loads that can be lifted (e.g., <50% 1RM). This study compared the biomechanical properties of slow tempo (SLOW) and maximal velocity (MAX) resistance exercise. Healthy resistance-trained men (n=5) performed two testing sessions (barbell squat and bench press) in random-order; a SLOW session (1 set x 10 repetitions at 28% 1RM, 10 sec concentric and 10 sec eccentric), and a MAX session (3 x 10 at 70% 1RM, volitionally controlled eccentric and maximal concentric velocities). A force plate and linear position transducer were used to collect kinetic and kinematic data for every repetition of both protocols. Statistical significance was set at α=0.05. For both exercises, both concentric and eccentric mean force (N) and power (W) for each repetition were greater for MAX. When the entire training session (barbell squat and bench press) was examined, SLOW exhibited greater time under tension, while MAX produced greater work (J) and impulse (N•s). Contrary to suggestions in both the lay and scientific literature, SLOW resistance exercise produced less force, power, and work than MAX resistance exercise.
Original Research Article
June 17, 2021
Research and Contruct Morphological and Functional Models for Vietnamese Premium Shooting Athletes with Content of 10 Meters - Air Pistols
Linh Thi My Nguyen, Hien Thi Pham, Phuong Quy Le
Page Numbers : 138-142
DOI : 10.36348/jaspe.2021.v04i06.001
Built a morphological and functional model for high-level Vietnamese shooting athletes with content of 10m pistols, including: 23 morphological indicators: Height (cm), Weight (kg), Quetelet Index (g / cm), Hand length (cm), Arm span (cm), index finger length (cm), Foot length H (cm), Hand width (cm), Shoulder width (cm), Width Elbow (cm), Knee Width (cm), Chest Width (cm), Chest Thickness (cm), Bust (cm), Arm Ring (cm), Stretched Arm Ring (cm), Forearm Ring (cm), Leg Ring (cm), Fat Under of Shoulderblade (cm), Fat under Subcutaneous of Triceps (cm), Abdominal Fat (cm), Leg Fat (cm), Somatype and 10 functional indicators: Cardiac performance index, Blood pressure (HA) max/min, Vital capacity (liters), EEG, Testorteron, Cortisol, Number of red blood cells (RBC), Hemoglobin concentration in the blood (Hb). Eye field, Heart rate. Test results of morphological and functional indicators of athlete H.X.V. has affirmed the objectivity, science and many indicators equivalent to high-class shooters in Asia and the world.
Original Research Article
May 30, 2021
The Effect of Game on Cognitive Functions and Agility in a Football Cycle in Children Aged 11 to 12 Years
Anis Ben Chikha, Aymen Hawani, Alaa khanfir
Page Numbers : 131-137
DOI : 10.36348/jaspe.2021.v04i05.008
Motor and cognitive in children growth can be influenced by the practice of football. This study was enhanced with a 10-week game program at three sessions per week, which improved children's performance in motor and cognitive functions. We chose as variables for our study; agility as motor skill and mental flexibility, inhibition and visuospatial memory as cognitive functions. The participants (N = 33) were students in a football promotion center with an average age of 11.5. They were divided into two groups, 16 students from the experimental group who performed a play program and 17 students from the control group who had a regular program. The experimental post-test group showed significantly greater gains than the control group on agility measurements, visuospatial memory, mental flexibility and inhibition. In addition, our results were revealed only a correlation between mental flexibility and agility.
Original Research Article
May 26, 2021
Effects of Four Weeks Intervention of Yogic Practices on Cricket Specific Motor Fitness
The potentiality of yogic practices to improve physical and mental ability is well-known. The inclusion of yogic practice in cricket training protocol is a controversial topic. Plenty of research literature suggested that yogic asana improves physical fitness and controls competition pressure as well as match stress. So, the study was carried out to find out the effect of yogic practice schedule on cricket specific motor fitness. Thirty male district level cricketers with a mean age of 17.8 ± 1.6 years were selected and randomly divided into two equal groups. One group underwent through selected yogic asana practices along with their regular training and another group did not include yogic asana practice in their training schedule. Basic physical and physiological parameters along with some cricket specific motor fitness components were measured before and after four weeks of yogic practices. The basic physical appearances of two groups were merely similar and a low resting heart rate has been observed among cricketers. Four weeks of yogic practice significantly improved the muscle endurance, agility and balance. A positive effect has also been observed in the predicted V̇O2 max. The study revealed inclusion of yogic practice in training sessions for cricketers plays an important role to improve motor fitness which is a key factor of performance.
Original Research Article
May 21, 2021
CrossFit: A Tool for Developing Social Capital in Post-Violent Conflict Nations?
Vedran Maslic
Page Numbers : 106-124
DOI : 10.36348/jaspe.2021.v04i05.006
More than twenty years since the war, Bosnia and Herzegovina remains a nation divided. Critically deficient in social trust, the country is experiencing an imbalance in the various forms of social capital precluding development of diverse horizontal and vertical relationships. Grassroots organisations, in particular sporting ones, have proven a useful avenue in helping build such relationships by uniting diverse groups over a common point of interest. However, one sport remains hereto explored for this potential—CrossFit. Remedying this deficiency, this project relies on CrossFit Sarajevo as a case study and seeks to explore whether this community has generated social capital and if so, what types. Relying on semi-structured interviews with thirteen of the club’s members, it shows that CrossFit can indeed build high levels of social capital and thereby contribute to development of diverse relationships in post-violence contexts. It also highlights the importance of encouraging behavior conducive to the development of inclusive norms and the need for vigilance against a recurring slide towards imbalance in social capital. Ultimately, these findings suggest further studies of grassroots organisations harboring potential for social capital generation—such as CrossFit clubs—and urge more-robust exploration of their permeability and influence across post-violent conflict societies.
