Langerhans histiocytosis is a rare multi-systemic disease defined by the accumulation of Langerhans cells in the various organs of the human body, it predominates in children. Different localizations are described, Including the hematological localization characterized by the presence of histiocytes cell in the bone marrow. The aim of this work is to show the interest of the medullogram in the diagnosis of histiocytosis. We report 3 cases of Multifocal langerhanstic histiocytosis diagnosed in the hematology department in the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez. The diagnosis of Langerhans' histiocytosis was retained on clinical, cytological and anatomopathological criteria.

Staphylococcus aureus stays a standout amongst the most much of the time segregated pathogens in both group and hospital practices. The organism form has been observed to be the most widely recognized bacterial agent recuperated from blood circulation system diseases, skin and soft tissue contaminations, pneumonia and healing facility procured post-agent wound diseases. Changes in the example of antimicrobial helplessness of S. aureus and different living beings have been accounted for around the world, particularly in developing countries, making antimicrobial agents progressively less viable in treating bacterial infections. Most strains of the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus are avirulent, anti-infection soft commensals; in any case, in the course of recent decades there have developed various pandemic, harmful, anti-microbial safe strains including methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) strains. This paper presents the review analysis of various studies based on antimicrobial patterns detection of Staphylococcus aureus.

The purpose of the study was to determine anemia prevalence on less than ten years old children patients’ attending Rongo sub-county hospital, Kenya. The country has experienced rapid economic growth over the last few decades, significant health and nutritional problems remain. Unfortunately, because little work has been done to track basic diseases, such as iron-deficiency anemia, the exact problem of these health problems still remain unknown. The study comprise 250 parents, 7 medical laboratory technologists/technicians, 1 medical superintendent 1 hospital administrator.The study adopted hospital based cross sectional survey design.Since the hospital is one, there is one medical superintended and an administrator; purposive sampling was used to select them as they were few. Due to the fact that there are 250 parents of anemic children attending the hospital 30 percent of them was considered hence 75 parents/guardians. The study used questionnaire. The actual data collection, a pilot study was conducted in the same county among the parents of less than ten years old attending Minyenya health centre which was not included in the final study population. From this health centre where 10 parents were be randomly selected for the pilot study, 3 medical laboratory technologists, and their respective hospital administrator and medical superintendent. A minimum correlation coefficient of 0 .65 is recommended and considered reliable.

Macrophage activation syndrome is a rare but a potentially fatal disease. This pathology is defined not only by clinical criteria (fever, splenomegaly), but also by biological criteria (bi or pancytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperferritinemia) and cyto histological ones (hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow, in the spleen or in the peripheral lymph nodes). It may be primary or more often reactive to an infectious or a malignant pathology, an immune deficiency, or an autoimmune systemic disease. Its occurrence imposes a quite exhaustive etiological assessment, as the associated diseases are multiple. We report in this work the case of a patient in whom a macrophage activation syndrome secondary to a bacteraemia was diagnosed in the laboratory of Hematology of the Hassan II University Hospital -Fez, and whose evolution was marked by a good response to antibiotic therapy with a regression of clinical symptoms and an improvement of the biological parameters. However, the prognosis for macrophage activation syndrome remains severe with about 50% mortality in the literature. It is therefore considered as a serious condition, with a severe prognosis and a treatment that is still poorly codified.

Medullary aplasia (MA) is a rare and severe affection. It is much rarer in children. The etiologies are multiple: constitutional, acquired, and idiopathic. In order to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and biological aspects of bone marrow aplasia in a pediatric population, we carried out a retrospective study of 9 cases collected in the hematology department in collaboration with the department of anatomy pathology of the Hassan II CHU in Fez over a four-year period from January 2013 to December 2016. Age ranged between 1 and 14 years, with a sex ratio of 3.5. The anemic, hemorrhagic and infectious syndrome was noted respectively in: 9, 7, and 6 cases. The hemoglobin varied between 3.3 and 7.3 g/dl with an average of 5 g/dl, anemia is normochrome normocytic argenerative in all our patients. Neutropenia was found in 100% of patients, and all patients had thrombocytopenia with platelet counts ranging from 500 to 105000/mm3. The BOM-coupled myelogram was performed in all patients, confirming the diagnosis of AM. For the etiologies, Fanconi Anemia was evoked in 4 cases and idiopathic in 5 patients.

Primary plasma cell leukemia: a rare type of leukemia and plasma cell proliferation Plasma cell leukemia is defined by the presence of more than 20% plasma cells in the peripheral blood or a number of circulating plasma cells greater than 2G/L. The primary form: observed may be de novo, and may reveal a multiple myeloma until then unknown. This has similarities with multiple myeloma and has some special particularities that authors will expose in the light of a case diagnosed in the laboratory hematology Hassan II university Hospital of Fez.

Intraventricular neoplasms of the central nervous system are rare and arise from periventricular structures such as the walls of the ventricular system, the septum pellucidum, and the choroid plexus. Many tumour types arise from, or can bulge into the ventricular system, although there are certain lesions that are relatively restricted to ventricles. A number of factors assist in defining the differential diagnosis, both radiological and clinical, including where the lesion is positioned within the ventricle as well as age and any associated conditions. A total of 30 cases of primary intraventricular tumors were studied. Study included both the left over squash and regular tumor tissue specimen. Duration of the study was 2 years. In this study, the overall incidence of the intraventricular tumors was 5.47 %, 30 cases among the total 548 intracranial lesions. Out of the 30 cases, 19 were males and 11 were females. Most of the cases were seen in the age group of 11 to 20 years and least tumors were seen in the age group 51 to 70 years. Intraventricular tumors are rare tumors and they closely mimic various other tumors of the CNS on imaging. Squash cytology and Histopathological examination (HPE) usually confirms the diagnosis.

This study was conducted to identify any possible association between the different microorganisms within oral cavity of smokers and oral cancer patients. Isolates were collected from 30 volunteers; smokers and oral cancer patients during August and October 2013 in Khartoum Dental Hospital, Sudan. Swabs were obtained from both patients and smokers who were not diagnosed as diabetics or immunosuppressed. Administration of antibiotic, steroid or other treatment were taken in concern as well as age, gender beside smoking history. Each specimen was aseptically cultured on nonselective media under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, then the conventional methods for identification were done. A total number of 45 bacterial isolates were represented by 6 genera of bacteria; (37.7%) Staphylococcus spp, (26.6%) Bacillus spp , (22.2%) Streptococcus spp , (8.8%) Peptococcus spp., Aerococcus spp and Micrococcus spp (2.2%), whereas 25 yeast isolates were represented by Candida albicans. In the smokers group; Peptococcus spp was detected only in subjects who is being smoking. Moreover, the study showed significant(r = 0.563) correlation between oral cancer and smoking. In patients group; Streptococcus spp and C. albicans were detected only in individuals without treatment. Counts of C. albicans were elevated in smokers group than patients, while, Micrococcus spp and Aerococcus spp were detected in patients but not in smokers. Study concludes that both of Micrococcus spp and Aerococcus spp may be considered as diagnostic indicators of oral cancer.

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the commonest presenting symptoms in gynaecology out-patient department. The term dysfunctional uterine bleeding is used to describe abnormal uterine bleeding for which no specific cause has been found. Evaluation of histopathological pattern of endometrium is essential for appropriate management of patient with abnormal uterine bleeding. Endometrial biopsy could be effectively used as the first diagnostic step in DUB. This study was done to evaluate histopathology of endometrium for identifying the endometrial causes of DUB. This is a prospective study, undertaken in the department of pathology. This study consisted of 150 cases of hysterectomy specimens and endometrial scrapings received in the department of Pathology, Bhaskar Medical College and Satya Diagnostic Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana State. Total duration of study was 2 years i.e from June 2014 to November 2016. 150 endometrial lesions diagnosed on histopathology were selected for the final analyses. The most common age group presenting with DUB was 40–49 years (49.3%). The commonest pattern in these patients was proliferative endometrium (29.3%),followed by secretory endometrium (14%) and simple cystic hyperplasia (9.3%). Other patterns identified were endometrial polyp, complex hyperplasia without atypia, endometrial carcinoma, pill endometrium ,complex hyperplasia with atypia , endometritis , atrophic endometrium and adenomatous hyperplasia. Endometrial causes of DUB and age pattern was statistically significant with P value <0.05. Histopathological examination of endometrium should be done generously in women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding especially after the age of 40 years to rule out malignancy. It is useful for diagnosis, to assess therapeutic response and to know the pathological incidence of organic lesions in cases of dysfunctional uterine bleeding prior to surgery.

Lumps in the breast are common especially in women of reproductive age, majority of these lumps which mimic or are suspected to be breast cancers clinically and radiologically are later found to be benign breast diseases histologically. This study therefore aims to determine the prevalence of benign breast diseases in this environment and describe the spectrum of histopathologic pattern of Benign Breast Diseases that is seen in Port Harcourt. A review of benign surgical breast specimen from the university of Port Harcourt teaching hospital was done. A total of 2002 breast specimens were diagnosed as benign between January 2007 and December 2011. 397 paraffin blocks were suitable for this study. No lesions from male patients or congenital lesions were observed in this study. 117 of these lesions (29.5%) were non proliferative breast lesions, 275 (69.3%) were proliferative breast lesions without atypia, and 5 (1.2%) were proliferative breast lesions with atypia. The commonest non proliferative lesion was fibrocystic change while the commonest proliferative lesion was fibroadenoma. The proliferative lesion with atypia was atypical ductal hyperplasia.

Water is one of the most significant or vital resource for humanity and basic human right contamination of water bodies is one of the areas of major concern in the public health. The aim of our study is to determine presumptive coliform count in water samples which are collected from different sites of TMU, Moradabad, U.P., India. Most probable number test was done to detect to the coliform bacteria in drinking water sample. Samples were collected from different sites of TMU and bacterial isolate was identified by culture, morphology and biochemical characterization of bacteria. Out of 50 water sample, 16 (32%) were positive in which coliform bacteria were present whereas 34 (68%) were negative in which coliform bacteria were absent. Positive water samples were contaminated with a multiple coliform (43.75%) and single coliform (56.25%) bacteria isolate. Out of 9 single coliform bacteria Escherichia coli 4 (25%) Pseudomonas 2 (12.5%) Citrobacter 1(6.25%) and Klebsiella 2 (12.5%) we found. Out of 16 positive sample 9 (56.25%) water sample were satisfactory, 4(25%) were suspicious sample, and 3 (18.75%) were unsatisfactory sample. On the basis of the result obtained, some samples from different sites were polluted with coliform and other pathogenic bacteria. So we would like to suggest that all water sources of drinking water should be planned and conducted through the proper sanitation, regular treatment, and supervision of water sources and regular estimation of bacteria.