There is uncertainty as to the comparative prognostic value between cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and CK-MB in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The objective is to compare the prognostic value between cTnI and CK-MB mass in patients with ACS without ST-segment elevation. Total 127 patients were analyzed in a prospective way in a tertiary cardiology center. Combinations of biomarkers were examined: normal cTnI, normal CK-MB mass (65.5%), normal cTnI, elevated CK-MB mass (3.9%), elevated cTnI, normal CK-MB mass (8.8%), elevated cTnI, elevated CK-MB mass (20.7%). A multivariate analysis of clinical, electrocardiographic and laboratory variables determined the independent prognostic value of biomarkers for the event of death or (re)infarction within 30 days. Patients with at least one elevated biomarker were older (p = 0.02) and males (p < 0.001). The previous use of aspirin (p = 0.001), betablockers (p = 0.003) or statin (p = 0.013) was most frequent among those without elevated cTnI. Patients with both biomarkers elevated had more ST-segment depression (p < 0.001) or elevated creatinine (p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis with the inclusion of cTnI, the CK-MB mass was not an independent variable for the event of death or (re) infarction within 30 days (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, p = 0.71). When cTnI was not included, we had the following values: age (OR 1.07; p < 0.001); male (OR 1.09; p = 0.77); diabetes mellitus (OR 1.95; p = 0.02); previous stroke (OR 3.21; p =0.008); creatinine level (OR 1.63; p = 0.002); CK-MB mass (OR 1.96; p = 0.03). C-statistic 0.77 (p < 0.001). With a dose of cTnI, CK-MB mass may be dispensable for prognostic evaluation. If cTnI is unavailable, CK- MB mass is acceptable for making a decision on treatment options.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes a wide spectrum of clinical disorders with pathogenic factors such as various toxins. The aims of this study were analysis of the prevalence of pvl gene among MSSA, MRSA, HA-MRSA, CA-MRSA and MSSA+MRSA groups in Iran. The prevalence of Panton-valentine leukocidin in Iran was searched from searching engines such as Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sciverse and so on. The terms PVL, MRSA, MSSA, Iran were investigated. Data was entered in Excel and Graph Pad Prism 6 for the analysis. Both children and adults were included in the study. Twenty-one previous publications on pvl gene prevalence were found. According to the results, the most prevalence of pvl gene was in MRSA, particularly in CA-MRSA group. However, the prevalence among HAMRSA and MSSA groups was 17 and 25 percent respectively, showing a growing number of these strains encoding Panton valentine leukocidin toxin. The highest prevalence of pvl gene among previous publications was detected in CAMRSA (74%), followed by 66.26% in HA-MRSA, 60% in HA+CA MRSA, 50% in MSSA+MRSA and 40.9% in MSSA+MRSA. On the other hand, the lowest prevalence was found in MSSA (3.3%) and 6% in MSSA+MRSA. Furthermore, previous hospitalization, carrier subjects, and age of them were possible risk factors in this case. The prevalence of pvl gene is significantly higher in MRSA than MSSA (p<0.05) and likewise higher in CA-MRSA than HAMRSA strains. There is an increasing rate of presence of pvl gene in MSSA and HA-MRSA, showing transmission of related SAG prophage to methicillin susceptible and also healthcare associated strains. Previous hospitalization, carrier subjects, and age of them were possible risk factors in this case.

Plasma cell leukemia (LP) is a rare ailment that is defined by the presence in the peripheral blood smear of 20% plasma cells or circulating plasma cells that is greater than 2 G / L. There are two variants: the primary form occurring de novo, diagnosed directly in the leukemic phase and the secondary form complicating an already known multiple myeloma. We report in this work a case diagnosed in the laboratory of hematology of the CHU Hassan II of Fez of a multiple myeloma transformed into plasma cell leukemia. It is a rare entity but should not be neglected. Secondary plasma cell leukemia maintains most of the characteristics of multiple myeloma in contrast to primitive plasma cell leukemia. Our work aims to show the common characteristics of the primitive and secondary forms of this leukemia and to discuss the peculiarities of each one.

To estimate the prevalence of Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], Hepatitis B virus [HBV] and Hepatitis C virus[HCV] among patients attending a tertiary care hospital, South India. A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2015 and August 2016. A total of 71,703 samples [HIV-319, HBV-455, HCV- 157] were tested for anti-HIV, HBS Ag and anti-HCV using standard serological tests. The prevalence of HIV was 319[1.44%], HBV 455 [1.78%] and HCV was 157[0.65%]. ‘Z’ test was used for statistical analysis. It was found that there was statistically significant difference between proportions of all the three. The proportion of HBV was more when compared with HIV [P=0.0019] and HCV [P=0.00001]. The proportion of HIV was more when compared with HCV [P=0.00001]. The study revealed high prevalence of HBV, intermediate prevalence of HIV and low prevalence of HCV. The study emphasises the need for early screening of all the three infections, and the results highlight the importance of relevant targeted interventions in these populations.

Pemphigus vulgaris and mucous membrane pemphigoid are uncommon dermatological disorders which also involves the mucosae of the oral cavity. Both the conditions differ in microscopy and prognosis. Thus the aim of the present paper is to present one case each of pemphigus vulgaris and mucous membrane pemphigoid with oral involvement. Special attention has been made on the clinical tests to evaluate these disorders and cytological pitfalls, which may be helpful for both clinicians and pathologists.