Mousetrap appliance is an effective treatment modality for anterior open bite that utilizes implants inserted into the anterior palate and brings about open bite correction by intruding the maxillary molars. This is a finite element study that assesses the stress contours at the bone mini-screw interface, when the maxillary molars are intruded by a mousetrap appliance. Materials and Methods: A finite element model of the maxilla and the mousetrap appliance made of 288332 elements and 64771 nodes was generated using software tools like MIMICS and HYPERMESH. A simulated force of 100 grams was applied to the maxillary molar through the appliance and the stress contours were assessed. Results: In the cortical bone Von-mises stress at the bone mini-screw interface was around 13.2MPa whereas in the cancellous bone it was around 0.198MPa. Conclusion: It is therefore concluded that the mousetrap appliance which exerts a force within the range of recommended force for molar intrusion generates stress contours at the bone mini-screw interface in cortical as well as cancellous bone. More stress is generated in the cortical bone.

Oro-antral communication is an abnormal connection between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity. This communication can occur due to pathological or non-pathological reasons. However, it is more common after the extraction of the maxillary posterior teeth which have their root tips close or attached to the maxillary sinus. Spontaneous healing is usually seen in OAC with less than 2mm in diameter. However, in case the OAC is more than 3mm a surgical treatment is usually considered to avoid further complications such as sinusitis. In this review, we will illustrate the appropriate diagnosis of the OAC and discuss all the surgical options for the closure of the OAC including the local flaps with the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.

Wound healing involves a complex cascade of events, ordered and complex, involving many types of cells, which are driven by the release of soluble mediators and signals able to influence these circulating cells and cause them to home back to damaged tissues. Platelets proved themselves to be an important cells regulating haemostasis phases through the vascular occlusion and facilitating fibrin clot formation. This fibrin scaffold, devoid of any cytotoxic property, is obtained from 9ml of patient’s blood, after centrifugation performed with a centrifuge and the use of gel-free vials; it contains a variety of blood cells- including platelet, B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, stem cells and neutrophilic granulocytes- other than growth factors. L- PRF (leukocyte-PRF) and its derivatives (A-PRF, i- PRF and so on). There is an abundance of literature on the use of injectable PRF (i-PRF) on dental implants with successful results. Therefore, in this case report i-PRF was used as regenerative alloplastic material for an infrabony defect. At 9 months follow-up, there was a reduction in pocket depth and radiographic evidence of bone fill was also noted.

Parotid gland sialolith is a very rare condition with symptoms of pain and infection in affected individuals (4- 10%) caused due to any systemic diseases, bacterial infections, medications, abnormality in the secretion of gland etc. Here reporting a case of 28 year old male patient having calculi in his left parotid gland. Routine radiographic procedures and advanced modalities like ultrasonography, cone beam tomography confirmed the diagnosis then it is removed surgically without major complications.

Oral lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous disorder affecting skin and mucosa of various parts of the body which is of an unspecific cause purpose of this study is to assess the role of vitamin D, which is now considered to be a causative factor in the development of the disease. The assessment is done through analysing various studies that were done and proven the association of vitamin D and lichen planus. In this review study, articles were collected from google scholar, pubmed, scopus and science direct. Out of data screening, 13 articles were found to be eligible for including in our study. According to our study vitamin D is found to be a risk factor in oral lichen planus.

The third molars are the toughest, far-most and wide when compared to the other teeth and helps in grinding of food inside the oral cavity of the individual he most commonly impacted teeth in the human dentition is the third molars. Due to the impaction of the third molars, the oral and maxillofacial surgeons often extract the third molars by a surgical procedure. A planned surgical procedure is to be followed by the surgeons to minimize any complications related to the third molar extraction. The primary goal of this research was to review the literature related to complications after the third molar surgery. Data was extracted from the online databases like Medline and Pub Med Central, and tabulated using the pre-designed data extraction forms. Commonly the extractions are done by the general dentists using the forceps and elevator. In case of the tooth that is near a major nerve, with large or curved roots, in fusion with the jawbone or if it’s nearby a crown or fillings the Dento alveolar surgery is recommended. These complications can affect the quality of life of the patient. In present time the knowledge and awareness about oral health and its impact on the quality of life is understood and maintained. The patient should be made aware about all the possible complications before the surgery.

‘Endodontics’ is the branch of dentistry that deals with the tissues around the pulp and roots of a tooth. The treatment of the soft pulp tissue inside the tooth are included in the Endodontic treatment commonly called as the root canal treatment. The exposure of the pulp caused due to caries or dental trauma may result in bacterial colonization in the pulp tissue resulting in Endodontic infection. The dental procedures like the endodontic treatment (root canal treatment), tooth extraction, root scaling, bilateral tonsillectomy and periodontal surgery may cause Bacteremia and is well documented in the literature. The Bacteremia can cause many fatal problems like Heart valve deformity, Endothelial cell damage to valve, Platelet aggregation on valve, Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), Bacterial adherence to NBTE, Bacterial colonization of valve NBTE, Bacterial endocarditis. The main aim of this research was to review the literature related to the relationship between the systemic diseases and endodontics. The principal investigator of this research conducted a systemic comprehensive literature review independently using Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed Central, Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane web databases. The 16 articles that followed all the required criteria were selected, studied and evaluated. In the current study, the literature related to the association of chronic systemic disease and endodontic diseases were studied. With this we can conclude that a probable co-relation occurs between the chronic systemic diseases and the endodontic diseases.

The study aimed to explore the prevalence of bruxism in pregnant patients in public dental hospital of Lahore. This survey research was conducted in Public sector dental hospital by collecting data from 75 pregnant patients. Percentages were calculated to explore the prevalence of bruxism among pregnant patients. From data analysis, it was revealed that patients coming to the public dental hospital who had the history of bruxism before pregnancy were 50.7% whereas it rose to 67% who experience bruxism during pregnancy. In conclusion, this showed that pregnancy changes also elevate the bruxism experiences.

This study aimed to explore the difference of teeth hypersensitivity and attrition among young and elderly patients of bruxism in Lahore. Data of 80 participants was collected using convenient sampling technique for this crossectional study. Chi-square test was used to explore the difference teeth hypersensitivity and attrition among young and elderly patients of bruxism. The results of chi-square revealed a significant difference of teeth hypersensitivity among young and elderly patients with bruxism (X2= 13.653, P<.001). Among young patients with bruxism, 34% had teeth hypersensitivity as compared to the elderly patients with bruxism which were 66%. Age wise significant difference was also found among patients of bruxism in terms of attrition (X2= 30.0, P<.001). Tooth attrition was found in 12.5% young patients with bruxism whereas in elderly patients, 87.5% of the sample was having teeth attrition. In conclusion, the age wise difference of teeth attrition and teeth hypersensitivity among patients of bruxism was to be significantly different.

Background: Prosthodontics is the branch of dentistry that deals with the replacement of missing teeth and other orofacial structures with artificial substitute. In prosthodontics, implants, removable and fixed dentures can be used to replace missing teeth. Digital dentistry is the new trend that is evolving globally among the dental professionals and the dental students. Interactive learning concepts and objective evaluation in this digital Technologies with 24/7 access to the dental undergraduates and post graduates in providing education and training about prosthodontics is highly valuable. Aim: The aim of this study is to do the systematic review of the online Data available for educational applications for Prosthodontics. Materials and Methods: In order to conduct a systematic review of the online data available for educational applications in prosthodontics, the rules and guidelines of preferred reporting items of systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) were followed. Results: Of the total 453 articles only about 11 articles ware included in the systematic review that reported the online data available for educational applications in prosthodontics. Conclusion: The dental education of prosthodontics can be revolutionized, using the online available data to create educational applications.