Objectives: To assess oral health status and prevalence of obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus and sleep related disorders in bus conductors and drivers. Method: Cross-sectional survey was conducted at interstate bus terminal of Lucknow district. Total 156 bus conductors and drivers were enrolled in this study. Oral health status was assessed by WHO oral health questionnaire and prevalence of obesity, hypertension, diabetes and sleep related disorders were recorded using standardized questionnaire and biochemical investigations. Data was analysed using SPSS version 25.0 at significance level of 0.05. Result: The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was found 127.1 and 85.3 respectively for all the subjects. Mean value was observed 36.9 cm for neck circumference, a mean score of 3.1 was found for mallampati grading and a mean score of 5.9 was observed for Epworth sleepiness score for all the studied subjects. The mean value for Serum Cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-C were found 174.7, 153.8 and 54.5 mg /dl respectively. Mean value of serum uric acid were found 5.4 mg/dl and Plasma glucose (fasting) was found 100.3mg/dl in the given subjects. Conclusion: As bus drivers and conductors belong to lower socio economic status, thus free health checkup camps should be organized so that they can seek medical aid. Awareness must be created and Psychological counseling must be provided so that they adopt a healthy lifestyle and learn to cope up with the stress. Implementation of strict laws and rules are also advised so that safety of drivers and public is maintained.

Objective: To analyze the level of parents’ perception, attitude and awareness about care of primary teeth. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in general population with non-probability purposive sampling technique. Validated questionnaire was used consisting of 30 close ended questions. Total of one hundred and forty nine questionnaires (n=149) were selected for the study. Questionnaire was divided into five domains: : 1) knowledge of parents, 2) attitude of parents towards care of primary teeth, 3) oral health practice of parents, 4) oral health practice of children and 5) psychosocial effects of poor oral hygiene of children. Result: The results revealed that the parents have minimal knowledge regarding the care of deciduous teeth. But parents are concerned about the oral hygiene of their children and early childhood caries as majority of them surmise that having an unpleasant appearance makes the child feel inferior and also affects the school performance. Conclusion: Improvement in the dental awareness of the parents as well as update the knowledge of the general dental practitioners is essential so that they can inculcate a positive dental attitude in the patients and parents. There is an urgent need to enhance the knowledge and train the parents to promote lifelong oral hygiene habits.

Class II malocclusions are particular of utmost familiar complications in orthodontic management. Around is an assortment of effectual and effortless managements to accurate them, for instance fixed orthodontics appliances and headgear. These appliances are largely planned for management of class II deformities through lower arch defect. Accomplishment of management using a functional appliance depend on the patient’s collaboration and favorable lower arch expansion. Subsequent period of management with full-fixed appliances frequently essential to accomplish accurate alignment and excellent interdigitating of the dentition. In the current case, a pre-pubertal 12 year female through a class II malocclusion and retrusive lower arch was cured first using a headgear aimed at 18 months. Headgear productively determined the predicament of retrusive lower arch with encouraging mandible development. It was subsequently nine months of fixed orthodontic management to conclude the occlusion restricted of extractions. Two stage treatment generated a gratifying shape as well as decent occlusion in particular patient.

Background: Functional appliance therapy has gained popularity and has been used with substantial amount of success in the management of skeletal class II malocclusion. Generally, functional appliances are utilized for the correction of retruded mandible in growing individuals. This study was used to compare and plot the skeletal and dental changes using fixed and removable functional appliance therapy in the treatment of class II malocclusion. Materials and methods: The study population consist of 50 growing individuals who have undergone treatment for skeletal class II malocclusion. The group are divided in to herbst group (n=25) and twin block group (n=25).The lateral cephalograms obtained from these patients and changes analyzed using students paired t –test. Results: The skeletal and dental changes showed statistically significant improvement in antero-posterior maxillomandibular measurement in both groups and but herbst unlike twinblock produce greater dental effects. Although treatment duration was faster in fixed appliance group, both studies showed improved facial profile. Conclusion: The treatment effects of both the functional appliances used in this study for skeletal class II cases are satisfactory and can effectively use for correction of retrognathic mandible in adolescents.