Endodontic treatment may sometimes fail because morphological features of the tooth adversely affect the treatment procedures. Many investigators have reported the anatomical variations associated with mandibular canines. The majority of mandibular canines have one root and root canal, but 15% may have two canals, and a smaller number may have two distinct roots. The present case describes clinical case of mandibular canine with two roots and two canals.

According to World health organization (WHO), the oral health is considered as an integral part of the general health of an individual. In India, oral health care services have limited access in rural as well as urban population with vast differences in oral health status. The knowledge of oral health in medical graduates has more opportunities to spread in our rural and urban community. Present study was conducted with an aim to evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practice of oral health among first professional under graduate medical students of tertiary care teaching hospital in India. An observational, descriptive, cross- sectional study was conducted at GMERS medical college, Dharpur, Patan, Gujarat among first professional medical students. A self-structured, pre validated, close ended questionnaire consists of total 15 multiple choice questions. Out of this total, 6 questions are on knowledge of oral health, 5 questions on attitude of oral health and 4 questions on practice of oral health was used for this study. A total of 62.16% of first professional students knew the different techniques for teeth brushing. A total of 8.78 % of students knew about halitosis. A total of 97.97 % of students believed that brushing teeth in morning and night to keep them healthy. A total of 73.65% of students believed that using fluoride toothpaste strengthen the teeth. A total of 56.08% of students brush their teeth once daily. A total of 15.45 % of students had visited dentist at least once in a year. There is need of further exposure of dental knowledge among first professional medical students, so they can serve community in better ways.

The accuracy of clinical diagnosis and clinical examinations can have a profound impact on the early detection of potentially malignant lesions. Currently, the standard of care is clinical confirmation of the clinical impression for all medical conditions. Although encouraging early diagnosis through examination and prompt treatment to detect cause is important, it can result in an abundance of correct procedures and patient worry. A little discrepancy between clinical diagnoses can lead to the fatality. An improved understanding of the accuracy of medical conditions of patients is necessary to inform evidence-based treatment recommendations for examination and clinical care. In oral and maxillofacial surgery it is very important to understand and diagnose the underlying medical conditions with the patient chief complaint. An overall general and systemic examination is compulsory needed.

Necrotizing fasciitis is an infrequent infection characterized by rapid progression and potential fatal affecting subcutaneous tissue and fascia. The underlying predisposing systemic conditions are diabetes mellitus, old age, chronic renal failure, peripheral vascular disease. Patients associated with these infections often have history of trauma like insect bite, abrasion, burns and it slightly occurs more in male patients. It is one of the most challenging infections encountered by the surgeon. Due to difficulty in diagnosis as it is polymicrobial infection and its late management makes this condition more fatal.

The periodontal clinical measures of the effects of surgical and non-surgical techniques have been widely described, but the subjective parameters after the procedures need to be well investigated, focusing their direct influence on the quality of life of these individuals. This observational study aims to evaluate the impact of periodontal disease on the quality of life of individuals submitted to surgical and non-surgical periodontal treatment through the application of the OHIP-14 questionnaire. Sixty patients were interviewed, of which 30 were from the surgical treatment group and 30 were from the non-surgical treatment group. The subjects included in the study underwent surgical periodontal treatment with flap for access to scaling and non-surgical periodontal treatment with scaling and root straightening. The OHIP-14 questionnaire was applied at two times, 7 days and 30 days after treatment. The results of the surgical periodontal treatment group after 7 days showed a significant impact on quality of life, after 30 days did not show improvement in the quality of life, affecting the subgroup, and the results of non-surgical periodontal treatment after 7 days showed a small impact in quality of life after 30 days revealed an increase in quality of life. We concluded that the surgical periodontal treatment did not show benefits to the quality of life of the individuals, affecting more subgroup already the non-surgical periodontal treatment showed significant improvement in the quality of life of the individuals included in this study. Being the non-surgical treatment, the periodontal treatment of first choice more indicated and with greater chances of success.

Background: Basic Life Support (BLS) / Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) are an important part of emergency Medical care. Aims and objective: This study was done among Dental practitioners, to know their knowledge and perceptions about BLS, as they are going to face such situations in future, as Doctors. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among Dental Practitioners. The awareness about recent guidelines of American heart association (AHA), BLS, and factors associated which include Profession, gender, previous BLS training and updated with Highlights of 2015 were assessed by using a self-administered structured MCQ questionnaire. Statistical Analysis: The descriptive analysis was run to find the proportions of various parameters. Significant results were considered at 5% level of significance. Results: Our participants were aware of BLS, showed positive knowledge and attitude toward it, with the statistically significant p value.Conclusion: By introducing BLS regularly in the Academic curriculum and by routine hands-on workshops, all the health-care providers should be well versed with the BLS skills for effectively managing the life threatening emergencies. Repeated training would increase their confidence.