Traumatic dental injuries are very common and mainly affect children and adolescents. Maxillary incisors are more prone to fracture. It affects the facial appearance of the patient. This case report described the management of avulsed maxillary right lateral incisor with longer extra alveolar dry time in a 15 year old healthy boy. Replantation is the only treatment of the choice. Before replantation, root surface was cleaned with scaler and then placed in sodium fluoride for 20 minutes. Extra oral root canal treatment was done. The replanted tooth was secured with wire-composite splint for 4 weeks. After one year follow-up, the tooth was asymptomatic, normal mobility, normal percussion sound, no radiographic evidence of resorption, bone loss and periapical pathology.

Ameloblastoma is the most frequent odontogenic tumor ascending from dental epithelium, and is branded by its histological resemblance to the enamel organ of the developing tooth germ. Although defined as a benign neoplasm, ameloblastomas are locally disparaging and a high recurrence rate is observed if the lesions are not entirely expurgated. Management should be built on precise clinical details, radiographs, special imaging and a illustrative biopsy, followed and reviewed by an oral pathologist and a maxillofacial surgeon. Each case is distinctive and has to be considered in the clinical context and the relationship of the lesion to its surrounding tissues, histological type, and recurrence rate. The present article is a review of the existing literature concerning management of ameloblastoma.

Rehabilitation of Maxillo-facial defects is a complex task, requiring an individualized approach and modification of existing techniques to suit the needs of each patient. A removable, suitably retained prosthesis that reduces the patient’s discomfort and involves a minimal amount of manual dexterity in its handling is the key to successful prosthetic rehabilitation in such cases. This paper describes a novel technique of the restoration of a complex orbital defect with a removable silicone prosthesis that is retained with the help of magnets incorporated in the prosthesis itself and the spectacle frame.

The twin-block appliance, described by Dr. Clark in the year 1977, is frequently used functional appliance. Contemporary studies suggest that, in growing patients, skeletal Class II malocclusion can be treated with this appliance. During the active phase, it guides molar eruption, and helps in reduction of posterior open bite by eruption of buccal teeth into occlusion. After which, an anterior inclined bite plane is used to maintain corrected occlusion. This is a case report of growing skeletal Class II patient who was successfully treated by twin block appliance.

Complete cleaning of the root canal system requires the elimination of organic and inorganic debris including the smear layer. Endodontic irrigation alone is unable to ensure adequate removal of deeply entrenched bacteria in the dentinal tubules. Use of a chelating agent in conjunction with endodontic irrigants is necessary. The most commonly used chelating agent is EDTA. However, it has certain disadvantages when used with Sodium hypochlorite like reduction in dentin microhardness and lesser antimicrobial activity. The search for alternatives to EDTA has brought up newer alternatives like Etidronic acid and Chitosan solution. Clinical studies have proved that these are equivalent to EDTA in certain actions during endodontic treatment. This study aims to compare the changes in dentin microhardness seen when cleaning and shaping of the root canal system is done using EDTA, Etidronic acid and 0.2% Chitosan solution. Results of this study showed that both Etidronic acid and 0.2% Chitosan had comparable effects on dentin microhardness which were similar to EDTA.

Orthodontic camouflage treatment is an acceptable option for mild to moderate skeletal discrepancies for correcting the malocclusion as well as the skeletal problem. Surgical treatment is the preferred and most stable treatment for adult patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion. Patients with borderline dentoalveolar compensation who are not willing to accept the costs, risks, and potential complications of surgery can sometimes be treated successfully with camouflage orthodontics. It is not clear which mechanics are most appropriate or which patients are most likely to benefit from an orthodontic approach to severe skeletal Class III malocclusion. In this article a case report of a camouflage treatment in a skeletal class III malocclusion patient with prognathic mandible with average growth pattern and partially erupted palatally placed upper right canine and retained deciduous right upper canine. The aim of this article is to show that Orthodontic camouflage is an acceptable option for mild skeletal discrepancies that offers esthetic results in the soft tissues as well as correction of malocclusion.

Torus is a ridge of bone or muscle that are usually asymptomatic unless ulcerated but may sometimes affect speech and tongue movement, Torus palatinus and torus mandibularis are the most common tori in the oral cavity. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis among 5-15-year-old schoolchildren. A descriptive cross sectional school based study among 894 children selected by systematic random sampling from 10 basic schools in Khartoum locality. Children were examined by mouth mirror at schools in an upright chair, where presence, size, site of tori in the mandible and maxilla were recorded in check list. Comparison between variables using chi square test with the level of significance set at value <0.05. The prevalence of tori was 25% with the highest occurrence being the palatal 23.7% and mandibular 5.7%, females count was more predominant compared to males 63%, 37% respectively. There was a significance correlation between the age of the children and presence of tori, Also between the presence of mandibular and palatal tori and occurrence of bilateral tori p<0.05. The prevalence of tori was high among basic schoolchildren in Khartoum locality, females were more affected with age 12-15 being the most and the most common site was palatal