The inadvertent displacement of a tooth or fragment of a tooth into the maxillary sinus during exodontia is not an uncommon experience. Although it is questionable whether such a mishap should be regarded as a dental emergency it is nonetheless a complication which should be treated without undue delay. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a new innovative technique for retrieval of displaced root into the maxillary sinus.

Enterococcus faecalis has long been mentioned in increased frequency with regard to teeth with post-treatment disease (PTD). The prominence of E. faecalis in root-filled teeth with apical periodontitis has made it a focus of attention as an etiological factor of PTD. To evaluate and compare bacterial culture and species-specific polymerase chain reaction for the detection of enterococcus faecalis in retreatment cases with apical periodontitis in rural Indian population. A total of 80 samples were obtained from 40 patients, divided into 2 groups and analyzed by the two methods. The samples were grown under anaerobic conditions during culture and the determination of the microbial species was based on biochemical tests. DNA was extracted and analyzed for PCR using species-specific primer. The association of microbiological findings with clinical features was investigated. Enterococcus faecalis was isolated from 46.5% of the selected teeth. Culture and PCR detected the test species in 25% and 67.5% of the samples. PCR was significantly more effective than culture in detecting this bacterial species. E.faecalis was clearly proven as the causative factor of apical periodontitis. Therefore, combining molecular and culture technique is probably the best approach available to provide comprehensive and a panoptic information about the microflora associated with endodontic infections.

The objective of the study is to measure the dimensions of supracrestal gingival tissue in healthy human periodontium. In this study 30 dental students with clinically healthy periodontium were examined by doing sulcular probing, from the gingival margin to the top of the alveolar crest, using a UNC-15probe, at maxillary and mandibular incisors, canines, and premolars and first molars unilaterally. No statistical difference was detected (p>0.05) in comparision of mean supracrestal gingival tissue (SGT) measurements among male and females in maxillary and mandibular arch. However, comparison of mean SGT of individual tooth types in maxillary and mandibular arch showed significant difference with p value of 0.005 and 0.000 respectively. There is significant difference in the SGT dimensions in the different tooth in the same arch, whereas the male and female population showed no statistical difference in SGT measurements. Maxillary and mandibular SGT dimensions were lesser for the central incisors compared to the other teeth in the arch which were measured. Thus, indicating more bone reduction as we move posteriorly from anterior.

To evaluate and compare the knowledge and attitude about Basic Life Support (BLS) and medical emergencies among undergraduate dental students and interns at the College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah , Saudi Arabia. A previously validated, self-administered, anonymous, closed structured online questionnaire was distributed by email to the clinical year's students and interns. The questionnaires consisted of demographic data, knowledge and attitude of the participants toward BLS and Medical emergencies. 112 questionnaires were filled, with a response rate of (55.4%). Most of participants knew the abbreviation of BLS and half of them answered the questions of knowledge correctly. Most of participants thought that all dental students and staff need to know more about BLS. The knowledge of undergraduate students and interns about BLS is inadequate and need to be improved but they have a positive attitude toward it.

In the early period, tooth loss may occur for congenital reasons or because of trauma or decay. Different treatment alternatives for aesthetic rehabilitaton of tooth loss include removable partial prosthesis, fixed prosthesis, dental implant and partial prosthesis fixed with resin (Maryland bridge). As fibre-reinforced composites (FRC) are materials which do not include any metal, the mechanical and aesthetic properties are extremely good. Our aim in this study is to rehabilitate with FRC tooth loss in the paediatric patients who are still developing and growing. In this 5 case series of paediatric patients, it was provided to aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of anterior tooth loss with a fibre-reinforced adhesive bridge applied with a minimally invasive technique which did not require any extra sessions. And it was presented a 1-year-follow up. Fibre-reinforced adhesive bridge can be considered an inexpensive, conservative, aeesthetic treatment alternative which can be applied in a single session for single or multiple missing teeth in the anterior region of young patients who have not yet completed skeletal and dentoalveolar growth and development.

Dental impactions add complications to a prescribed treatment plan and thus, are challenging for the treating practitioner. Etiology can be multifactorial and its timely treatment is important for functional, esthetic and psychological demands. Here we are presenting a case of report of a 14-year-old male patient with unknown etiology of multiple impacted teeth.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is increasingly being recognized as an important health issue in the last two to three decades. It is characterized by frequent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, causing recurrent arousals, intermittent hypoxaemia, sleep fragmentation and poor sleep quality. There is accumulating evidence that OSA is being considered as an independent risk factor for hypertension, glucose intolerance/diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and stroke, leading to increased cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) is a rare subtype of ameloblastoma, exhibiting eloquent variation in its clinical, radiological and histologic appearance. In 2017 WHO classification of a head and neck tumour has further modified this entity and titled it as a histologic variant of conventional ameloblastoma. A tumour mimics benign fibro-osseous lesion for being often prevailing in the anterior region of jaws as a mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion. We present a case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma in a 55-year-old male with a painless swelling in the anterior region of right maxilla. Ct scan shows a mixed lesion with multilocular appearance. An incisional biopsy verified it to be a case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma. Partial maxillectomy was performed on the right side. The patient is on routine follow-up with no recurrence. The present case deserves emphasis because of its unfamiliar appearance, potentially aggressive nature and deceptive radiologic appearance maximizing the chances of misdiagnosis. So, the clinician should be alert enough to include desmoplastic ameloblastoma in the differential diagnosis of any lesion/growth with mixed radiolucent-radiopaque appearance having ill-defined borders and occurring in anterior maxilla or mandible.

Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures are second commonest fractures in facial skeleton, with nasal fractures being the first. Common causes include altercations, motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) and sport injuries. This report highlights a case that presented with secondary blow to the malar region following MVA but without any fracture. The patient had suffered a similar injury with ZMC fracture, four years ago and was treated with open reduction and miniplate fixation. Hence the question arises, if the malar bone strengthened by the miniplate resisted the fracture or the force was insufficient to cause an impact. Considering the literature to be limited, further studies with this thought can open up a new plethora in the history of miniplates.