Endodontic pharmacology constitutes a fundamental pillar in modern dental practice, integrating pharmacological principles with clinical endodontics to achieve optimal patient outcomes. The primary objectives include pain control, elimination of microbial infection, and facilitation of periapical healing. Advances in pharmacology, microbiology, and biomaterials have significantly improved treatment success; however, challenges such as antibiotic resistance, opioid misuse, and management of medically compromised patients demand a rational and evidence-based approach. This review comprehensively discusses pharmacological agents used in endodontics, their mechanisms, clinical applications, and recent trends, while emphasizing safe prescribing practices and patient-centered care.[1]

Laser dentistry has emerged as a significant advancement in modern dental practice, offering a minimally invasive alternative to conventional instruments such as scalpels and rotary devices. Its growing popularity is driven by improved precision, enhanced patient comfort, reduced postoperative complications, and expanding clinical applications across multiple dental specialties. This narrative review aims to explore the expanding role of lasers in dentistry, focusing on their fundamental principles, clinical applications, advantages, limitations, and future directions. The literature consistently highlights benefits such as reduced bleeding, decreased pain, faster healing, and improved patient acceptance. However, challenges including high cost, operator dependency, learning curve, and variability in clinical evidence continue to limit universal adoption. Overall, laser dentistry represents a transformative tool in contemporary dental care, with strong potential for further integration into routine practice as technology advances and evidence continues to grow.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising biologically active adjunct in regenerative endodontics due to its high concentration of autologous growth factors that promote angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and tissue healing. Used as a scaffold and bioactive reservoir, PRP supports pulp–dentin complex regeneration, particularly in immature necrotic teeth. This review highlights the biological basis, preparation methods, and diverse clinical applications of PRP in endodontics. Despite its advantages, limitations related to standardization and growth factor release persist, emphasizing the need for further long-term clinical studies to establish predictable protocols.

Dental luting cements are essential materials used for the retention of indirect restorations and prevention of microleakage. Over the years, these materials have evolved from conventional non-adhesive cements to advanced adhesive resin-based systems. This review discusses the classification, properties, composition, and clinical applications of various luting cements along with their advantages and limitations, emphasizing evidence-based selection for optimal clinical outcomes [1].