Background: The effects of maxillary expansion depends on age and skeletal maturation of an individual. The review aims to identify the different parameters that can affect the amount of dental and skeletal effects achieved with expansion. Objective: Current literature regarding expansion techniques and the factors responsible for higher success rates were identified. The findings were evaluated and presented in a systematic manner. Results: There is a difference in the amount of skeletal effects of maxillary expansion in individuals with mineralized palatal suture. Conclusion: Bone-anchored maxillary expansion of mini implant supported palatal expansion (MARPE) can be useful in older individuals to achieve higher skeletal expansion and opening of mid palatal suture.

Proportional equalance in all dimensions i.e transverse, vertical and sagittal, is the foundation for a well-balanced face. In a broader perspective, the vertical dimension is important in determining the harmony and esthetics of the face. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between dental arch dimensions and vertical facial morphology in Class II Div 1 subjects as determined by the Jarabak ratio and examine the differences in dental arch dimensions between untreated male and female adults. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalograms of 60 Indian patients in the age group 18-26 years were taken, The Jarabak ratio was measured on cephalograms of each patient. Based on the measured values, the subjects were divided into three groups – hypodivergent, normodivergent, hyperdivergent growth pattern. Study models were used for measuring the arch dimension. After using One Way ANOVA test, Student’s t-test, Post Hoc Tukey test we obtained the results. All statistical analysis done using the software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS for Windows - Version 20.0): Results: After analysing the observations, the following results were obtained: 1)Arch perimeter is highest in normodivergent groups. 2)Intercanine, first intermolar is highest in normodivergent male groups. 3)First intermolar, arch length is highest in normodivergent female. 4)Overbite is highest in hypodivergent groups. 6)Palatal height and Jarabak’s ratio is highest in hypodivergent females. Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that the vertical face morphology and gender is associated with dental arch dimension. Thus, customization of archwires and using individualized arch wires according to each patient’s pre-treatment arch form and arch width is beneficial during orthodontic treatment.

Background: While the association between perceived stress and non odontogenic conditions are well document, little is known as regard association between odontogenic conditions and perceived stress. This study therefore aimed to assess determine relationship between odontogenic conditions and perceived stress among dental patients in the University of Benin Hospital, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study on randomly selected samples of patients aged above 18years from April to September 2019. The data collected were age, gender, smoking habit, socioeconomic status, and the levels of stress perceived. The result of continuous data was presented as ranges and mean±SD while that of categorical data was presented as frequency and percentages. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done using SPSS Version 20. A P-Value less than 0.005 was taken as significant. Results: All the 79 respondents approached agreed to participate in the present study giving a response rate of 100%. The age ranged from 17 to 79 years with a mean age of 36.1±16.9 years. There were 50.6% males and 49.4% females. There was no patients that had high level of stress, however, over half of the patients (60.8%) perceived moderate level of stress. The mean PSS score for the study sample was 5.09±2.79, with a range of 0.00 - 10.0. In the univariate analysis, the age, gender, socioeconomic status, smoking habit, and dental conditions was observed not to be statistically significant with the PSS score (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Most patients that present with dental conditions in our study were moderately stressed with none seen to be highly stressed. The level of stress was not associated with age, gender, socio-economic status as well as the dental condition in the present study.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common, life-threatening, autosomal-recessive disorder among Caucasians. Some of the mutations are very rare, and some represent individual sequence changes in the gene. In this case report, we present the dental treatment of CF in a 5 years old Saudi female. She has poor oral hygiene, poor dietary intake, generalized mild plaque induced gingivitis, multiple carious teeth, and a negative behavior. In addition, clinical and radiographic examinations indicated the presence of taurodontism and congenital absence of lingual frenum. We discuss the effect of the disease process on dental and oral health and management in the dental setting.

Fibro osseous lesions are poorly defined group of lesions, characterized by replacement of normal bone by a benign connective tissue matrix. Fibro osseous lesions of jaws such as Fibrous Dysplasia, Osseous Dysplasia and Ossifying Fibroma. Theses lesions have common characteristics that include common clinical, radiographic and microscopic features. Clinicians and pathologist experience difficulty in diagnosis and differentiation due to its significant overlapping of clinical and histological features. Many diagnostic terms have been used for these lesions in the literature. Therefore, proper categorization requires good correlation of the history, clinical findings, radiographic characteristics, operative findings and histologic appearance. Theses lesions have undergone frequent renaming and reclassification due to its varied features. This revies article is an attempt to simplify the understanding of this diverse group of lesions.

Introduction: Oroantral communication (OAC) is an iatrogenic complication that occurs most frequently after the extraction of maxillary posterior teeth. Various techniques have been described in literature for its closure. Nevertheless, regenerative medicine has emerged as a novel strategy utilizing bioactive materials such as Platelet-Rich Fibrin in management of oral and maxillofacial soft and hard tissue wounds including OAC. Case Report: The present report describes a closure of oroantral communication using PRF. The OAC occured after the extraction of the right first maxillary molar in a 68-year-old patient. After one month of follow up, the extraction site showed a good healing process without any local or sinusal complication. Conclusion: the closure of OAC using platelet-rich fibrin membrane is a less invasive procedure than buccal sliding flap or buccal fat-pad techniques. It keeps the vestibular sulcus depth. It is also autogeneous and contains growth factors, which helps to accelerate soft tissue repair.

Introduction: Infection Control measures are based on how an infectious agent is transmitted and include standard, contact, droplet and airborne precaution. Infection Control is an important part in the dentistry. Provision of dental care is a risk of transmitting infectious diseases. The main aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and compliance of Dental health Care Providers on infection control standard precautions guidelines in Primary Health Care Centers in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The output of this study is helpful for higher authorities to develop appropriate and sound policies to increase knowledge and compliance on this issue. The main objective of the study is to determine the level of compliance of Dental Health Care Providers on infection control standard precautions guidelines in Primary Health Care Centers in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, 2018. Methods: A questionnaire based cross sectional survey was conducted in dental clinics of 42 Primary Health Care Centers in 4 major sectors, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 82 Dental Health Care Providers were assessed for Compliance on infection control standard guidelines and the factors that can relate to it. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and proportion for categorical variables. Bivariate analysis was performed to explore the relationship between compliance of Dental Health Care Providers on infection control standard precautions guidelines and knowledge of DHCPs on infection control standard precaution guidelines, age, gender, history of chronic diseases, smoking status, marital status, type of job and CBAHI accredited PHCCs were assessed by chi square test at a 95% confidence level and P-value ≤0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Descriptive statistics showed that the mean age of the DHCPs was 34 ± 5.05 SD. Majority (74.4%) were female providers. About 43.9 % of the DHCPs were dentist and 56.1 were dental assistants. This study showed that 78 % DHCPs classified as adequate knowledge. Among all DHCPs, 93.9 % aware about infection control standard precautions guideline while 56.1 % of the DHCPs received basic infection control skill license. Bivariate analysis showed that, among all DHCPs, 19.5 % classified as adequate compliance. There was no statistically significant difference between compliance of Dental Health Care Providers on infection control standard precautions guidelines and knowledge of DHCPs on infection control standard precaution guidelines, age, gender, history of chronic diseases, smoking status, marital status, type of job and CBAHI accredited PHCCs. Conclusion: This study showed very low compliance of Dental Health Care Providers on infection control standard precautions guidelines.

Managing orbital floor injuries is often a multifaceted issue. Repair of these defects essentially aims to restore the continuity and stability of orbital floor providing an adequate support to the orbital contents. Several bio-materials and implants have been used over the years in the hope of achieving the best result. Traditionally autografts are considered to be the ‘gold standard’. In order to overcome the drawbacks of autografts, researchers’ and surgeons’ attention has been progressively attracted by alloplastic materials which are commercially produced and can be easily tailored to fit a wide range of clinical needs. In this review the advantages and limitations of the various biomaterials proposed and tested for orbital floor repair are critically assessed and discussed. A thorough electronic search was carried out in February 2018 for pertinent English language literature without any time restrictions. The inclusion criteria were prospective or retrospective studies including randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), retrospective studies and review articles with the aim of evaluating biomaterials for orbital reconstruction.

Background: Choosing the specialty considered a problem for many dental students. Multiple factors affect their future decision regarding their gender, clinical skills, desire or interest, and family or relative influence. Most of the previous studies reported that the most popular specialties chosen were orthodontics and oral maxillofacial surgery. Moreover, the importance of establishing a mentoring program that guides the dental students to make the right choice according to their own desire, to get more stable and life-long statistician. Aim of the study: identify the different influencing factors that affect future decision-making about dental specialties post-dental graduation. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at UQUDENT in Makkah, KSA. The sample size collected from total population is 251students, 51.2% from male students and 48.8% from female. The data will collect by using self-administration; structured survey included close ended questions. The data was entered and analysed by using multiple software programs. Results: we found that the private practice was the most preferable future practice plan among the dental students. In addition, the majority of dental students show great interest in restorative dentistry. The strongest influencing factor among the students was personal desire/interest, and the lowest was Influence of family or relative.