Background: Biomedical waste (BMW) generated in healthcare settings poses serious health and environmental risks if not managed properly. Nurses play a pivotal role in biomedical waste management; therefore, adequate knowledge among staff nurses is essential for effective implementation of biomedical waste management rules. Objective: To assess the knowledge regarding biomedical waste management among staff nurses working at Noor Hospital, Warudi, Jalna, and to determine the association between knowledge levels and selected demographic variables. Methods: A quantitative descriptive research design was adopted. Thirty staff nurses were selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire during January 2025. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The study revealed that 90% of staff nurses had average knowledge, 6.67% had good knowledge, and 3.33% had poor knowledge regarding biomedical waste management. A statistically significant association was found between knowledge levels and years of experience as well as designation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although most staff nurses demonstrated an average level of knowledge, gaps remain in comprehensive understanding of biomedical waste management. Regular training programs, continuous monitoring, and strict adherence to guidelines are recommended to improve compliance and ensure safe waste handling practices.

Ovarian cysts are common gynecological conditions that affect women of reproductive age and vary widely in types, and associated demographic factors. This study investigated the distribution types, hormonal profile, and histological patterns of ovarian cysts among 414 female patients in a tertiary hospital, as well as their association with age and ethnicity. Data were obtained through ultrasonographic and hormonal analyses, including serum levels of FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone, and prolactin, and analyzed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests. The majority of participants were aged 27–36 years, with cysts occurring more frequently in the right ovary (46.1%) than the left (35.7%), while 18.1% were bilateral. Dermoid cysts were the most prevalent (22.5%), followed by endometriomas (19.8%), cystadenomas (19.1%), and polycystic ovarian cysts (15.7%), whereas malignant cysts accounted for 9.4% of cases. Ethnic group was significantly associated with cyst type (p < 0.001) but not with cyst location, and age group also showed a significant association with cyst type (p = 0.008). No significant variations were found in hormonal levels across cyst types or ethnic groups (p > 0.05). These findings indicate that dermoid cysts remain the most common benign ovarian cysts, predominantly affecting women in their reproductive years, with a right-sided predominance. Although hormonal profiles showed no statistical variation, the relationship between age, ethnicity, and cyst type suggests possible genetic and environmental influences. The relatively higher incidence of malignant cysts observed underscores the need for early detection, regular screening, and timely intervention to prevent complications and improve reproductive health outcomes.

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major public health concern, particularly in developing nations. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and primarily affects the lungs, although other organs may also be involved. This review highlights the epidemiological trends, clinical manifestations, and the impact of TB on the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals. The disease exerts a multidimensional burden, including physical debilitation, psychological distress, and social challenges such as stigma and economic hardship. Effective control of TB requires early diagnosis, sustained treatment adherence, and comprehensive patient support. Addressing these factors is essential to improve overall health outcomes and quality of life.

Cancer encompasses a group of disorders characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled cellular growth, capable of invading nearby tissues and metastasizing to distant organs. It remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with a rising burden in developing countries. This review explores the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and impact of cancer on patients’ quality of life (QoL). Cancer affects physical health through pain, fatigue, and treatment-related complications, while also influencing psychological well-being, social functioning, and financial stability. Early detection, evidence-based treatment, and supportive care are essential to improve outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach, particularly involving nursing professionals, plays a crucial role in enhancing patient care and overall QoL.