Planning for conventional orthognathic surgery involves clinical examination, model analysis & cephalometric analysis. Advances in the field of orthognathic surgery had prompted three-dimensional imaging and computer-assisted surgical planning of orthognathic procedures. However, even today clinical evaluation of face is considered gold standard in the diagnosis and treatment of orthognathic surgery. This paper throws light on the octa criteria in orthognathic surgery.

It is a well-known verity that many systemic diseases are manifested in the oral cavity. Irrespective of the organ system involved, changes frequently occur in the oral cavity reflecting disease elsewhere in the body. Uremic stomatitis is one such rare oral mucosal disorder associated with end-stage renal failure. Clinically it is characterized by the presence of painful plaques and crusts that are usually distributed on the buccal mucosa, dorsal or ventral surface of the tongue, gingiva, lips, and floor of the mouth. Hence, it is accurately said that oral cavity is the mirror of the general health and treating the underlying disease first followed by local therapy is the way to manage these conditions. Here, we discuss a rare case of a young male patient presenting with oral manifestations of previously undiagnosed renal failure.

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric condition that constitutes a real public health problem. Antipsychotics have changed the management of schizophrenia, but the cases of resistance are more and more important. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study carried out at the Razi hospital concerning the files of patients with resistant schizophrenia hospitalized during the period spanning 3 years, from 2013 to 2015. Inclusion criteria: Cases of schizophrenia and resistant schizoaffective disorder are defined according to DSM 5 criteria and Kane's resistance criteria. Exclusion criteria: Insufficient clinical information on the file Patients with neurological disease or intellectual disability. Statistical tool: SPSS 20. Results: The average age is 33 years old. An age range between 19 and 53 years old. All our patients are male. In our sample of 33 patients, 64.3% have problematic drug use (tobacco, cannabis ...). 92.9% of our patients are schizophrenic and 7.1% have schizoaffective disorder. The age of onset of the disease is around 21 years old. Half of our patients had haloperidol as initial therapy. The diagnosis time of the disease resistance is on average 2 years. 78.6% of our patients were treated with clozapine alone, 13.3% with clozapine + antipsychotic and 7.1% with clozapine + thymoregulator. In 41% of the cases there was an improvement under these treatments and no response in 59% of the patients.

Meibomian gland carcinoma is an aggressive tumour with poor prognosis when diagnosed late. The tumour is often confused with neoplasms. This is a case report of a 40 year old male patient diagnosed with meibomian gland carcinoma. The tumour was resected completed along with orbital exenteration which was reconstructed with a FALT graft.

Increased consumption of the tobacco, paan and gukta along with low awareness of its ill effects among the general population has significantly contributed to increased incidence of head and neck carcinoma in the Indian subcontinent over the past few decades. In this article we reported diagnosis and management of one such case of squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa in a 32 year old male patient.

The head and neck cancer are sixth most common cancers worldwide with cancer of oral cavity. The basic treatment modality for the carcinoma of oral cavity has been surgery and the large defects resulting from the ablation of the tumors require reconstruction. The PMMC flap offer an easy, less time consuming with minimal postoperative complication as a reconstructive option in the hands of surgeon. In the present case report, 32 years old male patient was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of right buccal mucosa and treatment plan was right segmental mandibulectomy and reconstruction by PMMC. A major pecto¬ralis myocutaneous flap was used to reconstruct a composite oro¬mandibular defect with excellent cosmetic and functional outcome. It provided a suitable and cost-effective reconstruction with low microsurgical risk, relatively short operative time, sufficient soft-tissue replacement and minimum donor site morbidity. Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap was found to be a versatile flap for reconstruction of large defects in Head and Neck region with minimal complication rate.