Abstract: The objective of this study is to observe the pattern and treatment of congenital heart diseases at Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital. New born children presenting with various forms of congenital heart disease is a common problem now a days. Neonatologists and pediatricians are now more conscious about early detection and treatment of newborn with congenital heart diseases. Diagnostic facilities are also available in many places. So an individual incidence recorded from an ideal center of our country is a demand of the time which led carrying out this study. This prospective study was carried out at Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital in Dhaka District from 6th August 2014 to 15th August 2014. In this hospital, questionnaire sheets were provided as a representative of the survey, a total 13 questionnaire were processed for patient survey and total of 130 questionnaire sheets for the patients and their parents (patients were of the age wherein if they were not able to answer then, their parents answered the questions.) were considered. In Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, registered physicians were interviewed, they are all (around 25 registered physicians) specialized individual sectors and they are responsible for patient healthcare service. All the clinical dealings of hospital is a prime concern of appointed doctors. Ethical concern of hospital authority, doctors and at the same time, patients was taken before study implementation. Among 130 patients 92% were congenital heart patients and 8% were diagnosed with other diseases. Various congenital heart diseases were noted like obstructed blood flow (46%), abnormal blood vessel (25%), heart valve abnormalities (17%), holes in heart (8%) and underdeveloped heart patients (4%) respectively. 96% of the total congenital heart patients had family history of congenital heart diseases, 63% had patients and 33% had grandparents affected by congenital heart diseases) and 4% were out of it. Some Patients (35%) were treated by drugs like ACE inhibitors (10 patients), ARB (15 patients), Beta blocker (5 patients) and diuretics (12 patients) and rest of the patients were treated by surgery like procedures during catheterization (55 patients), Open heart surgery (18 patients) and heart transplant (05 patients) respectively. With the best infrastructure and Medical facilities, Dhaka Shishu Hospital moves it’s every step for child’s health care accompanied. For giving the best treatment, all the medical members do very hard work. Survey data show that there is a high occurrence of congenital heart disease in this hospital and that isolated obstructed blood flow (46%) is the predominant pathology. Post-surgical follow up remains very challenging as many parents cannot afford their children’s medical treatment or are generally not well educated.

Abstract: Chylopericardium is a rare clinical entity in which chylous fluid accumulates in the pericardial cavity. We report a case of recurrent massive idiopathic chylopericardium with tamponade in a 3-year-old infant with no history of trauma, thoracic surgery, malignancy, infection or tuberculosis. Echocardiography showed a large amount of pericardial effusions with evidence of tamponade. And 450 mL of fluid was evacuated by pericardiocentesis. She successfully responded to 30 days of continuous pericardial drainage and 15 days of a medium-chain triglyceride diet. We conclude that if a patient is asymptomatic and can well tolerate daily life, surgery including surgical ligation of the thoracic duct and creation of a pericardial window is not necessarily required.

Abstract: Orofacial trauma most commonly in the anterior tooth region are common in teenagers and adolescents. Incisors are frequently involved, and uncomplicated or complicated crown fractures usually are due to traffic accidents and sports injuries. Prevalence of the incisor’s traumas among childhood and adolescence ranges from 7 to 33%, according to gender and age of individuals. Dental trauma requires a special consideration when dental fractures accompany soft tissue lacerations. Many a times foreign particles or fractured tooth portion gets embedded in the soft tissues mostly the lips, leading to inflammation. Trauma may involve labial tissues directly or indirectly. Marginal edges are the main cause of this indirect trauma to the lower lip. About 50% of traumatic injuries to permanent incisors are associated to labial laceration and bleeding or soft tissue trauma. Clinical and radiographic examinations of the soft tissue have to be carried out to locate any object embedded in the involved site. This is one such case report which highlights the importance of careful examination, diagnosis and management of post traumatically embedded tooth in lower lip.

Abstract: Unilateral peripheral facial nerve palsy may have a detectable cause (secondary facial nerve palsy) or may be idiopathic (primary) without an obvious cause (Bell’s palsy). Peripheral facial nerve palsy is diagnosed upon the clinical presentation with weakness of all facial nerve branches, drooping of the brow, incomplete lid closure, drooping of the corner of the mouth, impaired closure of the mouth, dry eye, hyperacusis, impaired taste, or pain around the ear. The aim of our research was to assess the effect of physical therapy treatment and sequelae after palsy. We have made retrospective analyze of 10 patients for sequels, after 1-3 years of palsy and physical therapy treatment with House Brackmann facial nerve grading system. Results: the scale is showing III grade of deficit after palsy. Therapy, particularly of Bell’s palsy, is controversial due to the lack of large, prospective, randomized, and controlled trials. In our medical system patients are treated with physical therapy. House Brackmann facial nerve grading system can be used like a protocol system for evaluation of treatment in patients with facial palsy.

Abstract: The talon cusp, or dens evaginatus of anterior teeth, is a relatively rare dental developmental anomaly characterized by the presence of an accessory cusp-like structure projecting from the cingulum area or cementoenamel junction. This cusp resembles an eagle's talon hence named after it. It usually contains normal enamel, dentin and sometimes extending into the pulp. Dens invaginatus results from an infolding of the outer surface of a tooth. It is the embryological anomaly that results in invagination of an amelodental structure within the pulp. We are hereby highlighting a rare and unusual case of talons cusp and dens invaginatus occurring concurrently on maxillary lateral incisor.

Abstract: The objective of this study is to exploration the part of brachytherapy in treating cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is cancer of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus, which opens into the vagina. Cervical cancer is the second-most-common type of cancer that strikes women worldwide after breast cancer. Cervical cancer patients in Bangladesh are set to receive affordable treatments with the introduction of high-tech Brachytherapy facilities at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU).With other treatment options brachytherapy, or internal radiation therapy involves placing a source of radiation in or near the cancer. For the type of brachytherapy that is used most often to treat cervical cancer, intracavitary brachytherapy, the radiation source is placed in a device that is in the vagina (and sometimes the cervix). In brachytherapy, radiation only travels a short distance, so the main effects of the radiation are on the cervix and the walls of the vagina. Introducing its specific use and advantages, the successful rate was found 80% at BSMMU during the study.