Summary: The management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during pregnancy remains a clinical challenge for oncologists, obstetricians, patients and their families. Although the incidence of AML during pregnancy is low at 1 in 75,000 pregnancies, cancer is the second most common cause of maternal death behind pregnancy-related vascular complications. Due to the small number of patients diagnosed, there are only retrospective reviews and case series to guide complex management decisions. Case Report: A 35-year-old woman presented to our facility at 32 weeks' gestation after being found to have hyperleukocytosis, neutropenia, and anemia during a routine antenatal evaluation. Bone marrow aspiration demonstrated a diagnosis of AML. The blast population compromised 93% of the cellular elements.

Our purpose is to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its relation to various factors among pregnant women in the local population. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 105 pregnant women attending routine antenatal care (ANC) in Al Ain Hospital. Participants were screened for urinary incontinence using the International. Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire -Urinary Incontinence (ICIQ-UI Short Form). English and Arabic Versions. Of 105 pregnant women, 49% (n=51) complained of Urinary Incontinence. Stress incontinence being the most common type accounting for 52% women, followed by Urge incontinence with 42%. 50% women reported leaking no more than once a week; in 76% of them the volume was small in amount. Majority (60.4%) of the women reported that incontinence had no or minimum effect on their quality of life.The incidence of incontinence increased with advanced age where 65% of the older age group (> 35 years) complained of UI compared to 42% of the younger age group (≤35 years) (P = 0.027). Urinary incontinence was experience more in multiparous women compared to primiparous (p=0.034). Also, women with multiple vaginal deliveries had more UI compared to Csections (P = 0.012). There was no significant correlation between the presence of UI and other factors such as Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Urinary tract infections and Constipation. In conclusion, a significant proportion of pregnant women experienced urinary incontinence which was not reported to their primary care providers. Therefore, more education and awareness must be enforced to ensure early detection and management.

Background: Cardiotocography (CTG) being a simple noninvasive tool has been used more frequently in recent decades to detect fetal distress & to reduce neonatal mortality &morbidity related to fetal hypoxia. On the other hand, umbilical cord blood gas can be used to detect fetal acidaemia due to fetal distress more accurately. This study aimed to correlate fetal monitoring findings by intrapartum CTG with umbilical cord blood pH & lactate level &test the ability of CTG to predict fetal distress & neonatal outcome. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh for one year from July 2020 to June 2021. It included 80 term singleton pregnancies in active labour. Intrapartum CTG was taken and classified into normal, suspicious and pathological according to FIGO guidelines of CTG monitoring 2015. Mode of delivery, liquor colour, Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), adverse neonatal outcomes were observed. Immediately after delivery of the baby 10 cm of the umbilical cord was clamped doubly and 2-3 ml of umbilical cord arterial blood was taken immediately in a pre-heparinized syringe and sent to a laboratory for assessment of pH and lactate to detect fetal acidosis. Antenatal CTG was correlated to neonatal outcomes and cord blood acidosis by statistical analysis. Results: In this study, 40.0% of the women had normal CTG, 38.8% had suspicious CTG, and 21.2% had pathological CTG. There was a significant worsening of neonatal outcomes across these three groups concerning depressed (<7) Apgar scores at 1 minute (40.6%, 80.6%, and 100%; P<0.001), depressed Apgar scores at 5 minutes (3.1%, 22.6%, and 47.1%; P<0.001), and admission to the NICU (9.4%, 38.6%, and 70.7%; P<0.001). When CTG was pathological or suspicious CTG delivery by LSCS was 5.33 times higher (RR: 5.33; 95% CI: 2.09 -13.63) compared to subjects with normal CTG. There was also a progressive worsening of cord blood pH (7.25±0.05, 7.20±0.06, and 7.13±0.09; P<0.001) and a progressive increase in lactate (3.66±1.01 mmol/l, 4.79±1.61 mmol/l, and 6.63±2.18 mmol/l; P<0.001). Conclusions: It should be concluded that pathological CTG which correlates intrapartum fetal hypoxia with cord blood acidaemia and adverse neonatal outcomes. As cardiotocography is a simple, cost-effective noninvasive tool it can be used to detect fetal distress in labour. Continues CTG monitoring can be offered or recommended in every labour room setting to detect fetal distress & early intervention to prevent neonatal morbidity & mortality.

The aim of our study was to understand the daily experience of adolescent girls in the Congo district who had experienced early childbearing in order to contribute to improving the sexual reproductive health of adolescent girls. This is a qualitative study approached in a phenomenological approach and it falls within the field of reproductive health. The method used for this study was the phenomenological survey and the free individual interview of 15 to 20 minutes. Our sample was 9 teenagers who had granted their availability to participate in the study. After reading our transcripts of interviews recorded with 9 respondents. Adolescent girls perceive early childbearing as an act of dishonor to family and society. Regarding the consequences of early childbearing, adolescents cited bad reputation in society, abandonment by the family and lack of support for the burden of pregnancy. In their experience as victims of early motherhood, these teenage girls used the following means to overcome difficulties: Courage and advice from people, as well as Resourcefulness and help from parents. As for the methods used by adolescents to prevent a new pregnancy, they resort to abstinence, respect for the menstrual cycle, and the use of condoms and implants. With regard to the expectation of adolescent girls who are victims of early childbearing, they seek moral and financial support from the parents and the hope of a marriage from the sexual partner.

Cervical ectopic is a life-threatening gynaecological emergency. It is highly prone to severe hemorrhage with maternal morbidity and mortality. It has an incidence of 1% and requires prompt diagnosis. Management is usually individualized and depends on gestational age, presentation severity and the available options and expertise. It could be medical, surgical endoscopically or a combination of treatment. A cervical ectopic in a 32-year-old nullipara who had a negative exploratory laparotomy on account of missed cervical ectopic and later a failed medical management with methotrexate. She subsequently had a dilatation and curettage under spinal anesthesia followed by medical management with repeat three doses of systemic methotrexate due to persistent haemorrhage. She was monitored with a serial level of beta human chorionic gonadotrophins until normal level was attained. Cervical ectopic is a rare form of ectopic gynaecological health workers need to have a high index of suspicion in making diagnosis and prompt intervention instituted. Though there is no standard management protocol, combination therapy of available management options has proven to be effective.

Introductions: Minimally invasive surgery is now the standard surgical procedure for benign gynecological diseases and plays an increasing role in their treatment. This study presents a personal series of an evaluation of the laparoscopic surgical approach. Its outcomes in the surgical treatment of patients with benign gynecological diseases. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the outcome of gynecological laparoscopy in a low-resource setting. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a private hospital in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. It is a retrospective surgical series of patients performed by the author, which analyzes (n=24) female patient treated from 2019 to December 2020. Results: A number of 24 female patients were included in this study; their mean age was 32.6 years. Among them diagnostic laparoscopy was done in 13 patients. This is mostly due to primary sub-fertility and therapeutic laparoscopy in 11 patients (2 salpingectomy for ectopic pregnancy, 3 laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy, 1 myomectomy, 1 TLH, 1 laparoscopic adhesiolysis, 2 Ovarian cystectomy, and 1 left sided salpingoophorectomy was done for ovarian cyst). 1 laparoscopic procedure for LAVH was converted to laparotomy due to excessive bleeding. 20 patients were released without incident, but post-Surgical site infection occurred in 1 patient. There was no significant difference in operative complications, blood loss, or length of hospital stay compared to conventional laparoscopic surgery reported in the literature. The perioperative complications are minimal in this personal series. In this study, laparoscopic myomectomy and laparoscopic adhesiolysis for pelvic endometriosis. It took longer to perform using this approach compared with other procedures. Conclusion: Despite having many benefits over conventional procedures, gynecological laparoscopy has several limitations, especially in a low resource-poor setting (Lack of knowledge, Popularity among patients, Higher cost, Long learning curve, Instrumental backup). This paper reported a feasible and safe surgical approach to laparoscopic surgery for gynecological diseases.