ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Feb. 10, 2025
Impact of Delivery Methods and Antenatal Care on the Incidence of Secondary Postpartum Hemorrhage
Dr. Mishkat Tabassum, Dr. Fahmida Sultana, Dr. Mohammad Ezazul Karim, Dr. Mousumi Saha, Prof. Dr. Tripti Rani Das
Page no 52-56 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sijog.2025.v08i02.002
Background: Secondary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) defined as excessive vaginal bleeding from 24 hours after delivery up to 6 weeks postpartum, continues to be a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Exploration of its causes and risk factors is essential to inform more effective prevention and management strategies, particularly in resource limited settings. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of delivery methods, antenatal care and other related factors in determining incidence of secondary PPH. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of BSMMU, Dhaka during the period from March 2012 to August 2012. A total of 42 women with secondary PPH were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were collected by means of structured interviews, clinical examinations and medical record reviews. Maternal age, delivery methods, timing and causes of secondary PPH were analyzed. Results: Secondary PPH was found most commonly during the second (38.1%), and third (28.57%) weeks postpartum. The leading causes were infections (52.38%), retained placental tissue (23.81%), uterine atony (16.67%), and lower genital tract injuries (7.14%). Women with inadequate antenatal care (61.9%) and who delivered vaginally (57.14%) had greater risk of secondary PPH. Cesarean deliveries contributed to 38.1% of cases. Conclusion: Infections, inadequate antenatal care and delivery methods are strongly associated with secondary PPH. Improving antenatal care, skilled care during delivery and postpartum monitoring can significantly reduce its occurrence and complications.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Feb. 10, 2025
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Dexamethasone as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgeries
Md. Hassnul Alam, Mohammad Shakil Alamed, Md. Salim Moral, Abul Bashar Md Siddique, Abu Taher, Md. Harun-ur-Rashid, Dipika Mazumder
Page no 84-90 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2025.v11i02.002
Background: Effective regional anesthesia techniques are crucial for optimal pain management in upper limb surgeries. This study compares dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia, Analgesia, and Intensive Care Medicine at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, over one year (June 2022 to May 2023). Sixty adult patients undergoing elective upper limb surgeries were randomized into two groups: Group A (dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg with bupivacaine) and Group B (dexamethasone 4 mg with bupivacaine). Outcomes measured included onset and duration of sensory and motor blocks, duration of analgesia, and adverse events. Results: Group A demonstrated a significantly prolonged duration of analgesia (median: 1027.5 minutes; interquartile range [IQR]: 71.25) compared to Group B (median: 900 minutes; IQR: 108.75; p < 0.001). Sensory and motor block durations were also significantly longer in Group A (p < 0.05). The onset times for sensory and motor blocks were slightly delayed in Group A compared to Group B. No adverse events such as hypotension, bradycardia, or sedation were observed in either group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine provides superior prolongation of sensory and motor blocks and postoperative analgesia compared to dexamethasone when used as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Both adjuvants were safe, with no reported complications.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Feb. 8, 2025
Qualitative Analysis of Operation or Governance Models for Autonomous Communities of Rural Commerce
José Carlos Hernández-González, Missael Alberto Román-del-Valle, Pedro Leopoldo Martínez-Quintal, Raúl Larios-Guerrero, Alberto Alfonso Gallegos-Reyes
Page no 26-32 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sjet.2025.v10i02.001
In rural communities, an efficient operation or governance model is crucial for fostering sustainable development and improving the quality of life of its inhabitants. According to World Bank data, nearly 45% of the rural population in Latin America lives below the poverty line, facing challenges such as limited access to basic services, education, and technology. The implementation of participatory governance models that involve local actors in decision-making has proven to be a catalyst for optimizing resource management and generating inclusive economic opportunities. This approach not only strengthens the social fabric but also promotes equity and resilience in the face of challenges such as climate change and fluctuations in agricultural markets. This study aims to explore the use of frameworks employed as successful cases for building digital communities or implementing improvement or governance models that enable better management or address a common area of interest. This is achieved through a qualitative analysis supported by a systematic literature review of 54 research articles published between 2018 and 2022, following clear discrimination criteria.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Feb. 8, 2025
Investigating the Beliefs towards Traditional Medicine Use and the Effectiveness of Herbal Products for Managing Male Infertility in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana
Benoit B. N’guessan, Eugene F. Boachie, Akosua O. Atua-Ntow, Victor C. Wutor
Page no 20-27 |
DOI: https://doi.org10.36348/sijtcm.2025.v08i02.001
Background: Male infertility is a significant reproductive health concern affecting millions of couples worldwide. While conventional medical interventions offer viable solutions, an increasing number of individuals are turning towards traditional medicine, specifically herbal products, as an alternative approach to managing male infertility. Methods: The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. A survey questionnaire was administered to 100 consented adult men with fertility issues to explore their beliefs about traditional medicine and the effectiveness of the herbal products they used. Results: Out of the 100 participants recruited, about 74% preferred herbal products over orthodox medicines to manage infertility. The majority (75%) thought that herbal products were effective in managing male infertility, 41% of them noticed a change in their sperm parameters after using the herbal product of interest, and (33%) thought that the herbal product was responsible for them impregnating their partners. Most respondents (93%) did not experience any side effects after using the herbal products, with only a few of them (7%) reporting side effects. Conclusions: People's beliefs about traditional medicine vary based on their personal experiences and those of others. Based on research findings, herbal products' effectiveness in managing male infertility has shown promising results and should be investigated further.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Feb. 7, 2025
Detection of Epstein–Barr Virus in Astrocytoma Grade 2 from a Group of Iraqi Patients
Saad Hasan Mohammed Ali, Khalil Ismail A. Mohammed, Shakir H. Mohammed Al-Alwany, Amin Abdul Hasan M. Al-Alwany, Wifaq M. Ali, Suha A. AL-Fakhar, Jinan M. Mousa
Page no 19-25 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2025.v10i02.001
Background: Astrocytomas are among the most frequent brain tumors affecting both children and young adults. Objective: To analyze brain tissues with astrocytomas grades II obtained from a group of Iraqi patients for the rate of DNA detection by PCR of oncogenic Epstein- Barr virus. Materials and Methods: (75) brain tissue specimens have been enrolled from patients, which were related to patients; among them 50 patients, aged 20 to 77 years, ( 58 % males and 42% were females) had operations in neurosurgical theatres of Ghazi Al- Hariri Teaching Hospital at The Medical City Complex for astrocytoma (grade 2) and also a number of (25) patients has enrolled, aged 21 to 70 years, (56 % males and 44% were females ), whom brain tissues have histopathological examination shown neither in line of benign brain tumors nor brain cancers, and were including as the control group of the present research work. The current method was performed by using the technique of polymerase chain reaction that was done to amplify and localize of the examined DNA sequence of EBV. Results: 28% (14 out of 50) of the examined brain tissues from astrocytomas grade 2 cases were positive for EBV genome detection. The most infected brain tumor tissues with EBV- DNA are related to the age stratum (20-40 years), which accounted for 14 %, while the age strata of (41-60 years) and (61- 80 years) accounted for 12% and 2 %, respectively. The male patients accounted for 71.4 % while females accounted for 28.6 %, while positive EBV-PCR detection result in brain tissues from control patients without tumors was found in 8% of the examined tissues. Conclusion: high rate of EBV detection in this percentage of the studied astrocytoma grade 2 tissue samples can possibly considered playing in the induction of these brain tumors.
The current economic context requires finding a reliable global solution that meets the wishes and interests of investors, decision makers and all categories of users involved in order to create the necessary premises for the design of an integrated reporting system that provides relevant and qualitative information while facilitating the creation of newly added value. This first step is aimed at bringing a plus to the business and at the same time ensuring high levels of productivity, efficiency and effectiveness to maintain a state of balance favourable to the good development of economic activity. In this sense, emphasis is placed to establish and organize an International Sustainability Standards Board ("ISSB") following all the steps to make this possible being of particular importance to fructify the independence and success of IFRS governance (more specifically the Board of Monitoring and Administrators of the IFRS Foundation) to draft global standards aligned with the conditions of the microeconomic and macroeconomic environment. These intensified efforts want to clarify and help users of financial statements to act in conditions of efficiency and effectiveness to significantly contribute to the formation of the image and reputation of the economic entities involved through active participation with business ideas, working and fixed capital and human resources. In order to support initiatives to improve corporate reporting, it is based on the reasoning that the integration of financial and non-financial information is desired to encourage a sustainable development of the constantly changing business environment. The pressures exerted both from the internal and external environment of financial markets have influenced the assumption of a degree of responsibility towards the environment and people, compliance with new requirements from stakeholders, especially financiers and investors. Thus it became necessary to report ESG indicators (environmental, social, governance) has captured attention in recent years and is an important element found in business strategies to ensure an acceptable level of profitability within reasonable limits based on a European legislative landscape that is subject to changes. In order to quantify the contribution of economic entities to solving certain social and environmental problems with the general objective of registering high global performances of the asset and liability structures taking into account the human resource, the environment and the involvement of the community in the formation of a sustainable, prosperous future for the future generations that come after us and exercise their informational values in the context of the informational age in which we find ourselves dictated by the digitization and integration of specialized software incorporating some support programs that it allows us to avoid a titanic work to withstand financial difficulties that may endanger the existence and continuity of the business. A good knowledge of ESG rating is an important guide used by the management and leadership of an entity to have the alternative to adapt its business and orient in the right direction to improve the transparency of the dialogue carried out with the shareholders. An in-depth market research and analyzed from all the angles used by the parties leads to a correct assessment of the impact of the topics addressed in the context of ESG and how they can influence the overall performance of the entity.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Feb. 6, 2025
Serum Catestatin and Severity of Preeclampsia at a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria
Ayodeji O. Owolabi, Terhemen Kasso, Hilary Emoekpere, Inusa Amike
Page no 46-51 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sijog.2025.v08i02.001
Background: Preeclampsia is one of the most common causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Extensive research into biomarkers that can help us understand the disease is vital to alleviating its burden. Catestatin, an endogenously produced regulator of cardiac function and blood pressure, may be associated with the severity of the disease. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 56 pregnant women with varying forms of preeclampsia. Blood samples were obtained at diagnosis, centrifuged and the sera were stored at -200C until analysis. The catestatin levels of the sera were then measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: The mean serum catestatin among patients with mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia were 3.3 ±1.2ng/ml and 4.5±2.5ng/ml, respectively (p=0.011). Conclusion: The serum catestatin level significantly relates to the increasing severity of preeclampsia. There might be a potential value for using serum catestatin to assess the severity of the disease.